BCIS 1305 Exam 1 (Ch 1-3)
Examples of Online transactional processing
(1) process the information according to defined business rules, (2) store the information, and (3) update existing information to reflect the new information
Chief Security Officer (CSO)
-Safeguard against Hackers/viruses -security of business systems -Secury of developing strategies
common types of efficiency metrics
1-throughput; amount of info that can travel through a system 2-transaction speed; the amount of time a system takes to perform a transaction. 3-system availability; the number or hours a system is available 4-information accuracy; the extend to which a system generates the correct result 5-response time; the time it takes to respond to a user
The six-step decision-making process
1. problem identification 2. data collection 3. solution generation-detail solutions posssible 4. solution test 5. solution selection 6. solution implementation
Executive information system (EIS)
A specialized DSS that supports senior level executives within the organization
Transaction processing system (TPS)
Basic business system that serves the operational level and assists in making structured decisions
Select three examples of goods
Clothing, Cars, Groceries.
Structured decisions that almost repetitive in nature and affect short-term business strategies
Creating employee staffing schedule, reordering inventory, and Creating weekly production schedules
What are the raw facts that describe the characteristics of an event or object?
DATA
Finance
Deals with strategic financial issues, including money, banking, credit, investments, and assets.
Human-generated structured data
Input data, click-stream data, gaming data.
Human resources
Maintains policies, plans, and procedures for the effective management of employees.
Chief Intellectual Property Officer (CIPO)
Manage and defend intellectual property, copyrights, and patents.
static process
Managers constantly attempt to optimize static process. Examples of static processes include running payroll, calculating taxes, and creating financial statements
Two terms that represent what is confirmed or validated with a fact
Object and Event
Sales
Performs the function of selling goods or services.
System Thinking
Provides an end to end view of how operations work together to create a product of service.
Accounting
Records, measures, and reports monetary transactions.
Granularity
Refers to the level of detail in the model or the decision-making process.
Machine generated data examples
Sensor data, point of sale data, web log data
To-Be process model
Shows the results of applying change improvement opportunities to the current (As-Is) process model.
A report is a document containing data organized in a table, matrix, or graphical format allowing users to easily understand information. What are the two common types of reports?
Static report (Based on data) and Dynamic report (changes auto during creation)
Marketing
Supports sales by planning, pricing, and promoting goods or services.
Select the group of items that can be determined using information:
The Best-selling product, best customer, and worst-selling product
Business process modeling
The activity of creating a detailed flow chart or process map of a work process showing its inputs, tasks, and activities, in a structured sequence
Cycle time
Time required to process an order
Operational Decisions
Type of Decisions affected how the firm is run day to day and are are considered STRUCTURED decisions which arise when established processes offer potential solutions.
Unstructured data Examples
Typically free form text such as emails, twitter, text messages. MG - satellite images HG - social media data.
Weak AI and Strong AI
Weak AI - can still make their own decisions Strong AI - brainlike powers, works to make machines as intelligent as humans.
A histogram
a graphical display of data using bars of different heights. It is similar to a bar chart, but a histogram group's numbers into ranges.
fuzzy logic
a mathematical method of handling imprecise or subjective information
Business process patent
a patent that protects a specific set of procedures for conducting a particular business activity
Sensitivity analysis:
a special case of what if analysis, is the study of the impact on other variables when one variable is changed repeatedly.
A pie chart
a type of graph in which a circle is divided into sectors that each represent a proportion of the whole.
Machine Vision
ability of a computer to "See" by digitizing an image
The ALU performs
all arithmetic operations (for example, addition and subtraction) and all logic operations (such as sorting and comparing numbers).
Critical success factors
are crucial steps companies perform to achieve their goals and objectives and implement their strategies.
swim-lane layout
arranges the steps of a business process into a set of rows depicting the various elements
What-if
checks the impact of a change in a variable or assumption on the model.
Expert systems
computerized advisory programs that imitate the reasoning processes of experts in solving difficult problems
A static report
created once based on data that DOES NOT change. Ex. Last year or salary report from 5 yrs ago.
Strategic
decisions involve higher level issues; are highly UNSTRUCTURED DECISIONS, occurring in situations in which no procedures or rules exit to guide decision makers towards the correct choice.
structured data
defined length, type, and format and includes numbers, dates, or strings such as Customer Address
Structured data
defined length, type, and format and includes numbers, dates, or strings such as customer data, This includes Relational Database, or spreadsheet that can come from either MMD or HGD.
Chief Automation Officer (CAO)
determines if a person or business process can be replaced by a robot or software.
Chief Data officer
determining the types of information the enterprise will capture, retain, analyze, and share, regardless of the system used to do so
Analytical information
encompasses all organizational information, and its primary purpose is to support the performance of managerial analysis or semi-structured decisions
Goal seeking analysis
finds the input necessary to achieve a goal such as a desired level output
Optimization analysis
finds the optimum value for target variable by repeatedly changing other variables, subject to specified constraints.
Infographic
graphical representation of information intended for easy understanding at a glance.
Workflow
includes the tasks, activities, and responsibilities required to execute each step in a business process
Operational Support Systems
information systems designed to produce a variety of information on an organization's activities for both internal and external users
A Control Unit
interprets software instructions and literally tells the other hardware devices what to do, bases on the software instructions.
Neural network
is a category of AI that attempts to emulate the way the human brain works.
A histogram chart
is a graphical display of data using bars of different heights.
A Case-Based reasoning
is a method whereby new problems are solved based on the solutions from similar cases solved in the past.
A software
is a set of instructions the hardware executes to carry out specific task
A Gigahertz
is the number of billions of CPU cycles per second.
A Megahertz
is the number of millions of CPU cycles per second.
Production
is the process where a business takes raw material and processes or converts them into finished _Good___ or services.
Productivity
is the rate at which goods and services are produced based upon total output given total inputs.
Operations management
manages the process of converting into goods or services
Examples of Dynamic processing
managing layoffs of employees, changing order levels based on currency rates, and canceling business travel due to extreme weather.
Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)
manipulation of information to create business intelligence in support of strategic decision making.
Decision support systems (DSSs)
model information using OLAP, which provides assistance in evaluating and choosing among different courses of action. DSSs enable high-level managers to examine and manipulate large amounts of detailed data from different internal and external sources.
Bottlenecks
occur when resources reach full capacity and cannot handle any additional demands; they limit throughput and impede operations
Hardware consist
of the physical devises associated with a computer
Chief information officers
overseeing all uses of MIS.
Services Task
performed by people that customers will buy to satisfy a want/need.
Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO)
person responsible for collecting, maintaining, and distributing company knowledge.
Automation
process of computerizing manual task, making them more efficient and effective, and lowering operational cost.
Visualization
produces graphical displays of patterns and complex relationships in large amounts of data. Executive information systems use visualization to deliver specific key information to top managers at a glance, with little or no interaction with the system
A ALGORITHM
refers to a set of instructions that completes a task.
As-Is process model
represents the current state of the operation that has been mapped, without any specific improvements or changes to existing processes
Chief Tech officer
responsible for ensuring the speed, accuracy, availability, and reliability of MIS.
Chief Privacy officers
responsible for the ethical and legal use of information w/i company.
managerial business processes
semidynamic, semiroutine, monthly business processes such as resource allocation, sales strategy, or manufacturing process improvements
A sparkline
small embedded line graph that illustrates a single trend. Sparklines are often used in reports, presentations, dashboards, and scoreboards. They do not include axes or labels; context comes from the related content
operational business processes
static, routine, daily business processes such as stocking inventory, checking out customers, or daily opening and closing processes
haptic interface uses
technology allowing humans to interact with a computer through bodily sensations and movements—for example, a cell phone vibrating in your pocket
A project
temporary activity a company undertakes to create a unique product, service, or result. For example, the construction of a new subway station is a project,
Business Process Reengineering
the analysis and redesign of workflow within and between enterprises
Source documents
the original transaction record
Digital dashboard track
tracks KPI's and CSF's by compiling information from multiple sources and using it for your needs
common types of effectiveness metrics
usability, customer satisfaction, conversion rates, financial
intelligent systems
various commercial applications of artificial intelligence. Include sensors, software, and devices that emulate and enhance human capabilities.
augumented reality
viewing of physical world with a computer generated layers of information added to it.
CISC chips
which is a type of CPU that can recognize as many as 100 or more instructions, enough to carry out most computations directly.
Chief User Experience Officer (CUEO)
will create the optimal relationship between user and technology