Bio 100: Chapter 4
Match each part of a neuron with the correct description. axon cell body dendrite
conducts impulses away from the neuron contains the nucleus receives signals from sensory receptors or other neurons
Mucous membranes are composed of __________tissue overlying connective tissue.
epithelial
True or false: All three types of muscles contain cells bound by intercalated disks so that the cells all contract together.
false
True or false: Cartilage is generally more flexible than bone because cartilage is generally thinner.
false
True or false: To prevent skin cancer, exposure to UVA (long-wave) radiation is dangerous, but exposure to UVB (short-wave) radiation is safe.
false
Select all locations where hyaline cartilage is found in the human body. disks between the vertebrae fetal skeleton outer ear nose ends of long bones
fetal skeleton nose ends of long bones
The major type of cell found in fibrous connective tissue is the
fibroblast
What type of connective tissue has loose and dense forms?
fibrous
Select all that apply Select all correct descriptions of white blood cells. contain hemoglobin assist with clotting transport oxygen fight foreign invaders have a nucleus
fight foreign invaders have a nucleus
Which type of connective tissue contributes to body homeostasis by distributing body heat?
fluid
simple cuboidal
The epithelial tissue shown here is __. simple columnar simple cuboidal pseudostratified ciliated columnar stratified squamous simple squamous
Which is the best description of the general structure of epithelial tissue? Always contains fibers, matrix, and ground substance. Can be fibrous, supportive, or liquid Tightly packed cells that form a continuous layer Cells are sometimes striated but always contain actin and myosin
Tightly packed cells that form a continuous layer
True or false: Vitamin D is required for proper bone growth.
True
The vitamin produced in the skin with the aid of sunlight is vitamin
D
True or false: The outermost layer of skin is simple squamous epithelium.
False
Maintaining a constant internal body temperature is a component of , _______which is the body's ability to maintain a relatively constant internal environment.
Homeostasis
Which type of cell is located within the epidermis and produces melanin? Melanocyte Neutrophil Osteoblast Melanophil
Melanocyte
Select the functions of neuroglia cells. Support neurons Nourish neurons Conduct nervous impulses
Support neurons Nourish neurons
Select all functions of epithelial tissues. absorption transmission of information skeletal movement secretion protection of body surfaces
absorption secretion protection of body surfaces
Which of the following organs contain stratified squamous epithelium? Select all that apply. anal canal mouth vagina kidney tubules trachea
anal canal mouth vagina
The elongated portion of a neuron that conducts impulses away from the cell body is the
axon
Select all correct descriptions of red blood cells. biconcave shape have a nucleus assist with clotting contain hemoglobin fight foreign invaders transport oxygen
biconcave shape contain hemoglobin transport oxygen
The connective tissue that is composed of formed elements and plasma is
blood
The fluid connective tissue composed of formed elements and plasma is
blood
Select the two main types of supportive connective tissue. bone loose fibrous connective tissue adipose tissue dense fibrous connective tissue cartilage
bone cartilage
The three types of muscular tissue in vertebrate animals are skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and
cardiac
which type of connective tissue has a solid but flexible matrix and no blood supply
cartilage
Select the two main types of supportive connective tissue. loose fibrous connective tissue dense fibrous connective tissue adipose tissue cartilage bone
cartilage bone
Select all correct characterizations of cardiac muscle. under voluntary control cells are long and cylindrical cells have a single, centrally placed nucleus adjacent cells are bound at intercalated disks fibers are striated
cells have a single, centrally placed nucleus adjacent cells are bound at intercalated disks fibers are striated
The 3 types of fibers that can be found in connective tissue are reticular, elastic, and________fibers.
collagen
Which of the following are present in fibrous connective tissues? Select all that apply. collagen fibers lacunae ground substance matrix fibroblasts
collagen fibers ground substance matrix fibroblasts
Select all correct characterizations of cartilage. contains chondrocytes in lacunae it is a type of fibrous connective tissue contains osteocytes and osteoblasts in lacunae tissue is well-supplied with blood and nerves matrix is solid yet flexible
contains chondrocytes in lacunae matrix is solid yet flexible
The type of epithelium that consists of cube-shaped cells, which is frequently found in the glands, is _________epithelium.
cuboidal
Which type of cell phagocytizes infectious agents that enter the skin? Dendritic cell Fibroblast Melanocyte Keratinocyte
dendritic cell
The layer of the skin that consists of dense fibrous connective tissue is the
dermis
The two regions of the skin are the epidermis and the ______
dermis
Select the two regions that are considered to be part of the skin. hypodermis muscularis subcutaneous layer dermis epidermis
dermis epidermis
When the body temperature rises the blood vessels in the dermis of the skin will
dilate
Select the two main cavities in the human body.
dorsal ventral
the type of cartilage found in the outer ear is
elastic cartilage
Which layer of human skin contains keratinocytes?
epidermis
Which type of cartilage makes up the nose and the ends of long bones?
hyaline
The skin is the primary organ of the_______ system.
integumentary
The cells of the human body are bathed in a fluid that goes by two names: extracellular fluid or______fluid.
interstitial
Most cells of the human body are in direct contact with which type of fluid?
interstitial fluid
Select all correct statements about the dermis. it contains collagen and elastic fibers it lies on top of the epidermis it contains Langerhans cells and melanocytes it contains blood vessels and sensory receptors it is composed of loose fibrous connective tissue
it contains collagen and elastic fibers it contains blood vessels and sensory receptors
The outer layer of cells of the epidermis, known as keratinocytes, are waterproof largely because they produce a waterproof protein called
keratin
Cuboidal epithelium is found in which of the following organs? Select all that apply. air sacs of lungs lining of the windpipe kidney tubules intestines salivary glands
kidney tubules salivary glands
Small chambers found in cartilage and bone which enclose chondrocytes and osteocytes respectively are called
lacunae
The small chamber in which a cartilage or bone cell would lie is called a
lacunae
The two forms of fibrous connective tissue are dense fibrous connective tissue and ___________fibrous connective tissue.
loose
White blood cells that phagocytize foreign material in the skin are called___________cells
macrophages
The ground substance and fibers found in connective tissue is collectively referred to as the
matrix
The cells of the skin that produce the main pigment for skin color are the
melancyte
Select all of the functions of nervous tissue. motor output integrates data covers body surfaces stores energy sensory input
motor output integrates data sensory input
Select the four types of membranes in the human body.
mucous synovial meninges serous
The protective coverings at the ends of the fingers and toes are called
nails
Which of these are accessory organs of the skin? Select all that apply. nails hair follicles subcutaneous layer glands
nails hair follicles glands
Support cells of the nervous system are the
neuroglia
Select the major components of nervous tissue. collagen ground substance basement membranes neuroglia neurons
neuroglia neurons
A structure composed of two or more tissues carrying out a specific function is a(n)
organ
A(n)_____is composed of two or more tissues that work together for a specific function.
organ
The skin contains muscle tissue, epithelial tissue, nervous and connective tissue and therefore is considered a(n)
organ
In the human body, elastic cartilage is found in the
outer ear
Blood, a liquid connective tissue, contains which of these? Select all that apply. osteons formed elements collagen plasma adipocytes
plasma formed elements
Select all functions of blood. plays a role in pH and ion balance stores energy protects internal organs transports oxygen and nutrients distributes heat
plays a role in pH and ion balance transports oxygen and nutrients distributes heat
Erythrocyte is another term for ______blood cell.
red
Select the three types of fibers found in connective tissue. myelin reticular myosin elastin collagen
reticular elastin collagen
Nails grow from a specialized epithelial cells in the portion of the nail called the nail
root
This epithelial tissue is __. simple cuboidal stratified squamous pseudostratified ciliated columnar simple columnar simple squamous
simple squamous
There are two classes of epithelium based on how many layers of cells they are made up of. Epithelial tissue made up of one layer of cells is called ______ epithelium, while epithelial tissue with multiple cell layers is called _______ epithelium.
simple; stratified
Select the three types of muscle tissue. peripheral smooth fibrous skeletal cardiac
smooth skeletal cardiac
Because of their flat shape, which type of epithelial cells are best adapted to areas of exchange such as the air sacs in the lungs and the linings of blood vessels?
squamous
Epithelial tissue can be classified by its cell shape. Epithelial tissue made of flattened cells is called_________epithelium.
squamous
Epithelial tissue either has one layer of cells or multiple layers of cells. If it has multiple layers of cells, it is called_________epithelium.
stratified
The epidermal layer of the skin is made up of what specific type of epithelium? Stratified squamous Stratified cuboidal Simple columnar Simple squamous
stratified squamous
Cartilage and bone are types of dense fibrous connective tissue. loose fibrous connective tissue. supportive connective tissue.
supportive connective tissue
Cartilage and bone are types of loose fibrous connective tissue. supportive connective tissue. dense fibrous connective tissue.
supportive connective tissue.
Two different types of glands associated with the skin include oil (sebaceous) glands and sudoriferous glands, which are more commonly called_________glands
sweat
Blood vessels of the skin will constrict when
the outer temperature cools.
Which of these are functions of the cardiovascular system? Select all that apply. transport nutrients synthesize vitamin D help control body temperature receive and integrate sensory input balance pH and fluids
transport nutrients help control body temperature balance pH and fluids
True or false: The epidermis consists of many layers of stratified squamous epithelial cells which are continually being replaced.
true
Select all recommended steps to prevent skin cancer. use a broad-spectrum sunscreen wear sun-protective clothing avoid all exposure to the sun restrict tanning bed use to one hour per week
use a broad-spectrum sunscreen wear sun-protective clothing
Which type of formed element is responsible for fighting infection?
white blood cells