Bio 100: Chapter 4

Match each part of a neuron with the correct description. axon cell body dendrite

conducts impulses away from the neuron contains the nucleus receives signals from sensory receptors or other neurons

Mucous membranes are composed of __________tissue overlying connective tissue.

epithelial

True or false: All three types of muscles contain cells bound by intercalated disks so that the cells all contract together.

false

True or false: Cartilage is generally more flexible than bone because cartilage is generally thinner.

false

True or false: To prevent skin cancer, exposure to UVA (long-wave) radiation is dangerous, but exposure to UVB (short-wave) radiation is safe.

false

Select all locations where hyaline cartilage is found in the human body. disks between the vertebrae fetal skeleton outer ear nose ends of long bones

fetal skeleton nose ends of long bones

The major type of cell found in fibrous connective tissue is the

fibroblast

What type of connective tissue has loose and dense forms?

fibrous

Select all that apply Select all correct descriptions of white blood cells. contain hemoglobin assist with clotting transport oxygen fight foreign invaders have a nucleus

fight foreign invaders have a nucleus

Which type of connective tissue contributes to body homeostasis by distributing body heat?

fluid

simple cuboidal

The epithelial tissue shown here is __. simple columnar simple cuboidal pseudostratified ciliated columnar stratified squamous simple squamous

Which is the best description of the general structure of epithelial tissue? Always contains fibers, matrix, and ground substance. Can be fibrous, supportive, or liquid Tightly packed cells that form a continuous layer Cells are sometimes striated but always contain actin and myosin

Tightly packed cells that form a continuous layer

True or false: Vitamin D is required for proper bone growth.

True

The vitamin produced in the skin with the aid of sunlight is vitamin

D

True or false: The outermost layer of skin is simple squamous epithelium.

False

Maintaining a constant internal body temperature is a component of , _______which is the body's ability to maintain a relatively constant internal environment.

Homeostasis

Which type of cell is located within the epidermis and produces melanin? Melanocyte Neutrophil Osteoblast Melanophil

Melanocyte

Select the functions of neuroglia cells. Support neurons Nourish neurons Conduct nervous impulses

Support neurons Nourish neurons

Select all functions of epithelial tissues. absorption transmission of information skeletal movement secretion protection of body surfaces

absorption secretion protection of body surfaces

Which of the following organs contain stratified squamous epithelium? Select all that apply. anal canal mouth vagina kidney tubules trachea

anal canal mouth vagina

The elongated portion of a neuron that conducts impulses away from the cell body is the

axon

Select all correct descriptions of red blood cells. biconcave shape have a nucleus assist with clotting contain hemoglobin fight foreign invaders transport oxygen

biconcave shape contain hemoglobin transport oxygen

The connective tissue that is composed of formed elements and plasma is

blood

The fluid connective tissue composed of formed elements and plasma is

blood

Select the two main types of supportive connective tissue. bone loose fibrous connective tissue adipose tissue dense fibrous connective tissue cartilage

bone cartilage

The three types of muscular tissue in vertebrate animals are skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and

cardiac

which type of connective tissue has a solid but flexible matrix and no blood supply

cartilage

Select the two main types of supportive connective tissue. loose fibrous connective tissue dense fibrous connective tissue adipose tissue cartilage bone

cartilage bone

Select all correct characterizations of cardiac muscle. under voluntary control cells are long and cylindrical cells have a single, centrally placed nucleus adjacent cells are bound at intercalated disks fibers are striated

cells have a single, centrally placed nucleus adjacent cells are bound at intercalated disks fibers are striated

The 3 types of fibers that can be found in connective tissue are reticular, elastic, and________fibers.

collagen

Which of the following are present in fibrous connective tissues? Select all that apply. collagen fibers lacunae ground substance matrix fibroblasts

collagen fibers ground substance matrix fibroblasts

Select all correct characterizations of cartilage. contains chondrocytes in lacunae it is a type of fibrous connective tissue contains osteocytes and osteoblasts in lacunae tissue is well-supplied with blood and nerves matrix is solid yet flexible

contains chondrocytes in lacunae matrix is solid yet flexible

The type of epithelium that consists of cube-shaped cells, which is frequently found in the glands, is _________epithelium.

cuboidal

Which type of cell phagocytizes infectious agents that enter the skin? Dendritic cell Fibroblast Melanocyte Keratinocyte

dendritic cell

The layer of the skin that consists of dense fibrous connective tissue is the

dermis

The two regions of the skin are the epidermis and the ______

dermis

Select the two regions that are considered to be part of the skin. hypodermis muscularis subcutaneous layer dermis epidermis

dermis epidermis

When the body temperature rises the blood vessels in the dermis of the skin will

dilate

Select the two main cavities in the human body.

dorsal ventral

the type of cartilage found in the outer ear is

elastic cartilage

Which layer of human skin contains keratinocytes?

epidermis

Which type of cartilage makes up the nose and the ends of long bones?

hyaline

The skin is the primary organ of the_______ system.

integumentary

The cells of the human body are bathed in a fluid that goes by two names: extracellular fluid or______fluid.

interstitial

Most cells of the human body are in direct contact with which type of fluid?

interstitial fluid

Select all correct statements about the dermis. it contains collagen and elastic fibers it lies on top of the epidermis it contains Langerhans cells and melanocytes it contains blood vessels and sensory receptors it is composed of loose fibrous connective tissue

it contains collagen and elastic fibers it contains blood vessels and sensory receptors

The outer layer of cells of the epidermis, known as keratinocytes, are waterproof largely because they produce a waterproof protein called

keratin

Cuboidal epithelium is found in which of the following organs? Select all that apply. air sacs of lungs lining of the windpipe kidney tubules intestines salivary glands

kidney tubules salivary glands

Small chambers found in cartilage and bone which enclose chondrocytes and osteocytes respectively are called

lacunae

The small chamber in which a cartilage or bone cell would lie is called a

lacunae

The two forms of fibrous connective tissue are dense fibrous connective tissue and ___________fibrous connective tissue.

loose

White blood cells that phagocytize foreign material in the skin are called___________cells

macrophages

The ground substance and fibers found in connective tissue is collectively referred to as the

matrix

The cells of the skin that produce the main pigment for skin color are the

melancyte

Select all of the functions of nervous tissue. motor output integrates data covers body surfaces stores energy sensory input

motor output integrates data sensory input

Select the four types of membranes in the human body.

mucous synovial meninges serous

The protective coverings at the ends of the fingers and toes are called

nails

Which of these are accessory organs of the skin? Select all that apply. nails hair follicles subcutaneous layer glands

nails hair follicles glands

Support cells of the nervous system are the

neuroglia

Select the major components of nervous tissue. collagen ground substance basement membranes neuroglia neurons

neuroglia neurons

A structure composed of two or more tissues carrying out a specific function is a(n)

organ

A(n)_____is composed of two or more tissues that work together for a specific function.

organ

The skin contains muscle tissue, epithelial tissue, nervous and connective tissue and therefore is considered a(n)

organ

In the human body, elastic cartilage is found in the

outer ear

Blood, a liquid connective tissue, contains which of these? Select all that apply. osteons formed elements collagen plasma adipocytes

plasma formed elements

Select all functions of blood. plays a role in pH and ion balance stores energy protects internal organs transports oxygen and nutrients distributes heat

plays a role in pH and ion balance transports oxygen and nutrients distributes heat

Erythrocyte is another term for ______blood cell.

red

Select the three types of fibers found in connective tissue. myelin reticular myosin elastin collagen

reticular elastin collagen

Nails grow from a specialized epithelial cells in the portion of the nail called the nail

root

This epithelial tissue is __. simple cuboidal stratified squamous pseudostratified ciliated columnar simple columnar simple squamous

simple squamous

There are two classes of epithelium based on how many layers of cells they are made up of. Epithelial tissue made up of one layer of cells is called ______ epithelium, while epithelial tissue with multiple cell layers is called _______ epithelium.

simple; stratified

Select the three types of muscle tissue. peripheral smooth fibrous skeletal cardiac

smooth skeletal cardiac

Because of their flat shape, which type of epithelial cells are best adapted to areas of exchange such as the air sacs in the lungs and the linings of blood vessels?

squamous

Epithelial tissue can be classified by its cell shape. Epithelial tissue made of flattened cells is called_________epithelium.

squamous

Epithelial tissue either has one layer of cells or multiple layers of cells. If it has multiple layers of cells, it is called_________epithelium.

stratified

The epidermal layer of the skin is made up of what specific type of epithelium? Stratified squamous Stratified cuboidal Simple columnar Simple squamous

stratified squamous

Cartilage and bone are types of dense fibrous connective tissue. loose fibrous connective tissue. supportive connective tissue.

supportive connective tissue

Cartilage and bone are types of loose fibrous connective tissue. supportive connective tissue. dense fibrous connective tissue.

supportive connective tissue.

Two different types of glands associated with the skin include oil (sebaceous) glands and sudoriferous glands, which are more commonly called_________glands

sweat

Blood vessels of the skin will constrict when

the outer temperature cools.

Which of these are functions of the cardiovascular system? Select all that apply. transport nutrients synthesize vitamin D help control body temperature receive and integrate sensory input balance pH and fluids

transport nutrients help control body temperature balance pH and fluids

True or false: The epidermis consists of many layers of stratified squamous epithelial cells which are continually being replaced.

true

Select all recommended steps to prevent skin cancer. use a broad-spectrum sunscreen wear sun-protective clothing avoid all exposure to the sun restrict tanning bed use to one hour per week

use a broad-spectrum sunscreen wear sun-protective clothing

Which type of formed element is responsible for fighting infection?

white blood cells