bio ch 4
the nucleus is a double membrane that encloses the dna. inside the nucleus the dna acts as the template to produce mRNA and ribosomes; to exit the nucleus these molecules must
pass through pores hat span both membranes
mitochondria & chloroplasts are similar in that they both __; but are different in that mitochondria, but not chloroplasts, __
are involved in energy conversions; are found in nearly all eukaryotic cells
what does the folding of the mitochondrial inner membrane shown here provide?
greater surface area for ATP production
which of the following statements describes the function of a chloroplast?
it converts light energy into chemical energy
compared with a eukarotic cell, a prokaryotic cell
lacks organelles beyond ribosomes
Since the plasma membrane blocks the passage of all but a few molecules with specific traits it is necessary for other molecules to
pass through the membrane via proteins
which of the following is the correct sequence for an altered protein that is secreted from the cell?
rough endoplasmic reticulum - golgi apparatus - plasma membane
which of the following is an INCORRECT match?
smooth endoplasmic reticulum - storage of water
eukaryotic cells move their organelles via
the cytoskeleton
chromosomes are
condensed chromatin
_____ are bacterial structures involved in the passage of DNA into or out of the cell.
conjugation pili
chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar in that they both
contain DNA
which of the following human cells would contain cilia
cell from the trachea (windpipe)
Some proteins within a cell can be viewed with
an electron microscope
which of the following is NOT a function of junction proteins
to permit cells to recognize one another
receptor proteins
transmit information from outside the cell so that the cell can respond to stimuli
a cell being observed under a microscope is seen to possess a cell wall, plasma membrane, ribosomes and chromosome materials that are not found in a nucleus. based on this, it could be
a cell from a bacterium
as a molecule moves through the plasma membrane it passes through
a hydrophilic layer of phospholipid heads then a hydrophobic layer of phospholipid tails and then another hydrophilic layer of phospholipid heads
Without receptor proteins, a cell would not be able to
bind to signal proteins from other parts of the bod
what statement below is correct when comparing plant and animal cells?
both plant and animals cells have a plasma membrane and plant cells also have a cell wall
the main structural component of a plant cell wall is
cellulose
surface to volume ratio is an important characteristic for cell function; some cells increase their ratio by
developing finger-like projections
a prokaryotic cell
does not have a membrane-bound nucleus
which of the following would be best to view all the organelles of a cell with?
electron microscope
Plant cells can communicate with each other via ________, as indicated by the arrow in the figure (PICTURE)
fimbriae
disease-causing bacteria often attach to cells they attack. the bacterial structures used to aid that attachment are
flagella
Without tight junctions in certain tissues
fluids may leak out past the barrier the junction would create.
Where do the vesicles that are being made for secretion from the cell become modified and packaged?
golgi apparatus
which of the following organelles would form a membrane bound package also known as a vesicle
golgi apparatus
the stack of thylakoids labeled "A" in this figure is aclled
granum
a tadpole that is undergoing metamorphosis into a frog and losing the need for a tail would see abundant numbers of what organelle to help assist in the tail loss
lysosomes
in bacterial cells and plant cells, cell wall function in
maintaining cell shape
which of the following organelles would be abundant in a sperm cell that is seeking to fertilize an egg cell
mitochondria
which of the following is a CORRECT matching of an organelle and its function?
mitochondrion - cell respiration
without a centrosome, cells would not be able to
move organelles around the cytoplasm
there is an antibiotic called streptomycin that doctors prescribe for infection. the antibiotic combines with the bacteria's ribosomes causing them to lose their function. consequently the cell dies and so the person gets better! in other words, the antibiotic destroys bacteria by
not allowing them to produce proteins
Below is a diagram of a bacterium. What structure does Y represent?
nucleoid
What must materials pass through to enter or leave a cell?
plasma membrane
Both plants & animals need mitochondria to
produce ATP
which of the following is NOT a possible function of the extracellular matrix in animal cells?
produce numerous channels for continuous flow of water from cells to cells
cell size is limited because __ is critical to a cell's function
the size of the nucleus
which of the following structures would NOT be seen in a prokaryotic cell?
nucleus