bio ch 4

the nucleus is a double membrane that encloses the dna. inside the nucleus the dna acts as the template to produce mRNA and ribosomes; to exit the nucleus these molecules must

pass through pores hat span both membranes

mitochondria & chloroplasts are similar in that they both __; but are different in that mitochondria, but not chloroplasts, __

are involved in energy conversions; are found in nearly all eukaryotic cells

what does the folding of the mitochondrial inner membrane shown here provide?

greater surface area for ATP production

which of the following statements describes the function of a chloroplast?

it converts light energy into chemical energy

compared with a eukarotic cell, a prokaryotic cell

lacks organelles beyond ribosomes

Since the plasma membrane blocks the passage of all but a few molecules with specific traits it is necessary for other molecules to

pass through the membrane via proteins

which of the following is the correct sequence for an altered protein that is secreted from the cell?

rough endoplasmic reticulum - golgi apparatus - plasma membane

which of the following is an INCORRECT match?

smooth endoplasmic reticulum - storage of water

eukaryotic cells move their organelles via

the cytoskeleton

chromosomes are

condensed chromatin

_____ are bacterial structures involved in the passage of DNA into or out of the cell.

conjugation pili

chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar in that they both

contain DNA

which of the following human cells would contain cilia

cell from the trachea (windpipe)

Some proteins within a cell can be viewed with

an electron microscope

which of the following is NOT a function of junction proteins

to permit cells to recognize one another

receptor proteins

transmit information from outside the cell so that the cell can respond to stimuli

a cell being observed under a microscope is seen to possess a cell wall, plasma membrane, ribosomes and chromosome materials that are not found in a nucleus. based on this, it could be

a cell from a bacterium

as a molecule moves through the plasma membrane it passes through

a hydrophilic layer of phospholipid heads then a hydrophobic layer of phospholipid tails and then another hydrophilic layer of phospholipid heads

Without receptor proteins, a cell would not be able to

bind to signal proteins from other parts of the bod

what statement below is correct when comparing plant and animal cells?

both plant and animals cells have a plasma membrane and plant cells also have a cell wall

the main structural component of a plant cell wall is

cellulose

surface to volume ratio is an important characteristic for cell function; some cells increase their ratio by

developing finger-like projections

a prokaryotic cell

does not have a membrane-bound nucleus

which of the following would be best to view all the organelles of a cell with?

electron microscope

Plant cells can communicate with each other via ________, as indicated by the arrow in the figure (PICTURE)

fimbriae

disease-causing bacteria often attach to cells they attack. the bacterial structures used to aid that attachment are

flagella

Without tight junctions in certain tissues

fluids may leak out past the barrier the junction would create.

Where do the vesicles that are being made for secretion from the cell become modified and packaged?

golgi apparatus

which of the following organelles would form a membrane bound package also known as a vesicle

golgi apparatus

the stack of thylakoids labeled "A" in this figure is aclled

granum

a tadpole that is undergoing metamorphosis into a frog and losing the need for a tail would see abundant numbers of what organelle to help assist in the tail loss

lysosomes

in bacterial cells and plant cells, cell wall function in

maintaining cell shape

which of the following organelles would be abundant in a sperm cell that is seeking to fertilize an egg cell

mitochondria

which of the following is a CORRECT matching of an organelle and its function?

mitochondrion - cell respiration

without a centrosome, cells would not be able to

move organelles around the cytoplasm

there is an antibiotic called streptomycin that doctors prescribe for infection. the antibiotic combines with the bacteria's ribosomes causing them to lose their function. consequently the cell dies and so the person gets better! in other words, the antibiotic destroys bacteria by

not allowing them to produce proteins

Below is a diagram of a bacterium. What structure does Y represent?

nucleoid

What must materials pass through to enter or leave a cell?

plasma membrane

Both plants & animals need mitochondria to

produce ATP

which of the following is NOT a possible function of the extracellular matrix in animal cells?

produce numerous channels for continuous flow of water from cells to cells

cell size is limited because __ is critical to a cell's function

the size of the nucleus

which of the following structures would NOT be seen in a prokaryotic cell?

nucleus