bio EOC #1

c

RNA and DNA are which type of organic compound? a. carbohydrate b. lipid c. nucleic acid d. protein

b

Suzanne is looking at different types of muscle tissue using a microscope. she notices that cells from a stomach muscle (A) look smooth and spindle-shaped, while tissue from leg muscle appears to be striped (B). what is the reason that the two tissue types look different? a. the stomach muscle is fill of dividing cells b. stomach muscle functions differently than leg muscle c. the stripes in the leg muscle do not relate to its muscle d. the two muscles function the same despite differences in their appearance

a

a fertilized egg created through sexual reproduction - a. has a combination of genetic material that is unique in the species b. is genetically identical to other eggs of the same parents c. is genetically identical to the parent d. contains genetic material from only one parents

d

a person with swollen gums gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. which has occurred? a. the swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution b. the saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums c. the salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient d. the water in the gums has moved from a high to a low concentration of water

c

a special type of cell division, called meiosis, is used to form sex cells or gametes. which statement is true above this type of cell division? a. the products of meiosis are two identical cells b. DNA is not copied at all during meiosis c. the new cells have half the DNA of the parent cell d. meiosis is complete after only one round of cell division

b

an iodine solution is placed on the cut side of a potato. within seconds, a blue-black color appears. what is out likely occurring? a. a positive test for proteins b. a positive test for starches c. a negative test for proteins d. a negative test for starches

b

cell organelles carry out specific metabolic processes. study the statement above. which cell organelle is responsible for storing enzymes and other materials needed by the cell? a. ribosomes b. vacuoles c. mitochondria d. lysosomes

c

cell organelles carry out specific metabolic processes. study the statement above. which cell organelle manages the process by which energy stored in food molecules is transformed into usable energy for the cell? a. lysosomes b. Golgi bodies c. mitochondria d. ribosomes

c

cell organelles carry out specific metabolic processes. study the statement above. which cell organelle manages the process by which proteins are assembled based on DNA instructions? a. mitochondria b. lysosomes c. ribosomes d. vacuoles

c

cell organelles carry out specific metabolic processes. study the statement above. which cell organelle manages the process by which proteins are sorted and packaged to be sent where they are needed? a. ribosomes b. lysosomes c. Golgi bodies d. vacuoles

b

cell organelles carry out specific metabolic processes. study the statement above. which cell organelle manages the process by which worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria are digested? a. ribosomes b. lysosomes c. vacuoles d. Golgi bodies

a

certain types of biomolecules are crucial to a variety of life processes and body structures. one of these types of molecules are proteins, which are- a. composed of building blocks called amino acids b. insoluble in water and are used by the body for energy storage and insulation c. complex biomolecules that store genetic information d. organic compounds used by cells to store and release energy

a

four major groups of organic compounds are particularly important to living things. most life processes rely on molecules from one or more of these groups refer to the information above. to which group do RNA molecules belong? a. nucleic acids b. proteins c. lipids d. carbohydrates

b

four major groups of organic compounds are particularly important to living things. most life processes rely on molecules from one or more of these groups refer to the information above. to which group do enzymes belong? a. lipids b. proteins c. carbohydrates d. nucleic acids

c

four major groups of organic compounds are particularly important to living things. most life processes rely on molecules from one or more of these groups refer to the information above. to which group do oils belong? a. nucleic acids b. carbohydrates c. lipids d. proteins

d

four major groups of organic compounds are particularly important to living things. most life processes rely on molecules from one or more of these groups refer to the information above. to which group do sugars belong? a. nucleic acids b. proteins c. lipids d. carbohydrates

b

guard cells are pairs of cells that surround stomata, which are small openings or pores in the leaf. guard cells control the opening and closing of the stomatal pores. refer to the information and graphic above. guard cells from a tomato plant are kidney-bean shaped. which cell type would you expect to look most similar to tomato guard cells? a. root cells from a tomato plant b. guard cells from a marigold plant c. leaf palisade cells from a tomato plant d. stem cells from a corn plant

b

guard cells are pairs of cells that surround stomata, which are small openings or pores in the leaf. guard cells control the opening and closing of the stomatal pores. refer to the information and graphic above. the guard cells determine whether or not the stomatal pores are open. when guard cells absorb water, they swell, and the pores open close. whens to,ata are open the plant loses water trough the pores in a process known as transpiration. what is the most likely effect on the plant if the guard cells stay swollen on a hot day? a. the plant will turn yellow b. the plant will wilt c. the plant will lose its leaves d. the plant's roots will grow

b

in humans, glucose is kept in balance in the bloodstream by insulin. which concept does this best illustrate? a. adaptation b. homeostasis c. metabolism d. organization

d

in which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different? a. cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP b. cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen c. photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy d. photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide

a

like complex carbohydrates, proteins are biomolecules that serve many functions and can be chemically broken down and restructured. both proteins and complex. carbohydrates are which of the following? a. polymers of smaller subunits b. sequences of sugars c. lipids of large molecules d. nucleotides of DNA

d

nitrogen (N) is use and reused by various organisms and processes as it cycles through the environment study the statement above. nitrogen is NOT a part of these biomolecules? a. enzyme b. amino acid c. nucleic acid d. carbohydrates

b

nitrogen (N) is used and reused by various organisms and processes as it cycles through the environment study the statement above. why is nitrogen important to living things? a. nitrogen is a key component of all carbohydrates b. nitrogen is a key component of proteins c. nitrogen is a key component of cellulose d. nitrogen is a key component of lipids

d

nitrogen is found in a variety of forms in living things and in the environment. molecules include N2, a diatomic molecule, and NH3, ammonia. other forms include NO3, or nitrate, and -NH2, an amino group refer to the information above. which of these forms is a key component of an amino acid? a. nitrate b. diatomic molecule c. ammonia d. amino group

d

one of the products of photosynthesis is glucose (C6H12O6). which of the following statements about the production and use of this molecule is false? a. plants use the energy from glucose to convert nutrients to body tissues and grow larger b. glucose that is not immediately used by the plant is stored for later use c. plants use the energy from glucose to manufacture a variety of plant products d. glucose that is not immediately used by the plant is lost as waste material

b

organisms as different as bacteria, mushrooms, algae, oak trees, and human beings are all made of cells. read the information above. which statement is true for all cells? a. all cells have the same shape b. all cells need energy to survive c. all cells are surrounded by a rigid wall d. all cells belong to organ systems

b

organisms reproduce asexually in a variety of ways. a bacterium reproduces by making a copy of its chromosome, growing larger, then dividing into two separate, genetically identical cells. this process is called - a. regeneration b. binary fission c. vegetative reproduction d. budding

d

specific biomolecules serve various functions in the body study the statement above. identify the molecule which stores energy in its chemical bonds for quick, easy use bu cells. a. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) b. glucose c. hemoglobin d. adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

d

specific biomolecules serve various functions in the body. study the statement above. identify the molecule which is found in red blood cells that binds to oxygen and carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells a. glucose b. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) c. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) d. hemoglobin

b

specific biomolecules serve various functions in the body. study the statement above. identify the molecule. which is broken down during respiration forming water and carbon dioxide and releasing energy. a. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) b. glucose c. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) d. hemoglobin

c

specific biomolecules serve various functions in the body. study the statement given above. identify the molecule which forms when the chemical bond between two phosphate groups in an ATP molecule is broken. a. hemoglobin b. glucose c. adenosine diphosphate (ADP) d. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)

b

study the chemical reactions below. photosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy - C6 + H12 + O6 + 6O2 (carbon dioxide and water and light energy - glucose and oxygen) cellular respiration: C6 + H12 + 6O2 - 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP) (glucose and oxygen - carbon dioxide and water and energy) plants produce more oxygen during photosynthesis than they use in cellular respiration. what happens to the excess oxygen produced during photosynthesis? a. it is used as an energy source by plant cells b. it is released into the air and is used by other organisms for respiration c. it is converted into eat energy d. it is a waste product which is never reused

c

study the diagram below which illustrates the cyclic nature of the formation and breakdown of the molecule of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP). what happens when the chemical bond, which attaches the third phosphate group to the molecule is broken? a. no energy is made available to the cell for cellular functions. b. a molecule of adenosine monophosphate (AMP), with one phosphate group, is formed c. energy is released, which can be used by the cell d. energy is lost in the process

a

the diagram above represents which of the following biomolecules? a. carbohydrate b. protein c. lipid d. nucleic acid

b

the diagram below represents a cell. which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

d

the diagram to the right is the monomer of nucleic acids. what is this monomer? a. amino acid b. saccharide c. 3 fatty acids & glycerol d. nucleotide

b

the diagram to the right represents which of the following biomolecules? a. carbohydrate b. protein c. lipid d. nucleic acid

c

the diagram to the right represents which of the following biomolecules? a. carbohydrate b. protein c. lipid d. nucleic acid

d

the pancreas contains a special group of cells that produce the hormone insulin. insulin stimulates the liver to remove sugar from the blood. if the cells in the pancreas do not produce enough insulin then excess sugar builds up in the blood. the result is a disease called- a. hypoglycemia b. pancreatitis c. insulin-deficiency syndrome d. diabetes

a

this diagram shows an enzyme-substrate complex. a. substrate b. product c. enzyme d. complex

b

tigers, goldfish, peacocks, and humans all reproduce sexually. which statement is true about sexual reproduction? a. it is not a factor scientists use to define different species b. it involves the joining of an egg and sperm into one cell c. the offspring are genetically the same as their parents d. sexual reproduction can only take place by internal fertilization

a

what advantage do sexually reproducing organisms have over asexually reproducing organisms? a. genetic variation b. genetic stability c. increased fertilization rate d. increased reproductive rate

d

what is the most likely function of a group of cells that contain a high number of chloroplasts? a.respiration b. transpiration c. fermentation d. photosynthesis

a

what will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction? a. the reaction rate will increase b. the equilibrium of the reaction will be maintained c. the reaction rate will decrease d. the reaction will stop

a

which of the following statements about enzymes is true? a. amylase, a digestive enzyme found in saliva, helps break down food molecules b. enzymes do not play a role in metabolic processes of the body c. enzymes are chemically altered during reactions in which they are involved d. enzymes always slow the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs

c

which of the following statements about sexual reproduction is false? a. organisms that reproduce sexually produce sex cells called gametes b. fertilization is part of the sexual reproduction process c. in sexual reproduction, a single parent produces identical off spring d. a zygote is produced through sexual reproduction

d

which of these important chemicals forms the framework for carbohydrates, fats, and other molecules of life? a. nitrogen b. oxygen c. water d. carbon

b

which of these is inhaled by animals, then used in respiration? a. carbon b. oxygen c. nitrogen d. water

d

which of these is not an advantage gained by organisms which reproduce sexually? a. genetic recombination created genetic diversity within a species b. some percentage of organisms within a species will be likely to survive and produce despite harsh environment; conditions c. genetic diversity reduces the risk of species extinction caused by hard environmental conditions d. genetic diversity weakens a species' overall ability to survive harsh environmental conditions

d

Adrian is watching a movie with his friends. when he sees something scary happen in the movie, his brain sends a signal to the adrenal gland, which releases the hormone adrenalin into the bloodstream. this hormone causes Adrian's heart to pump faster and his breathing to speed up. refer to the information above. in Adrian's body the effects of adrenalin are occurring at the level of - a. individual cells b. groups of cells c. a single organ system d. multiple organ systems

c

Jackson is growing a bean plant in a pot. one day Jackson notices that the plant is wilting. he waters the bean plant and within a few minutes the plant begins to perk up. this is because the plant has taken up water by osmosis. at what structural level does osmosis occur? a. organs b. tissues c. cells d. organ systems

c

Michelle os looking through a microscope at a cell from an onion root. she sees a cell that is in the process of dividing to make a new cell. this is what Michelle sees: study the diagram and the description above. if Michelle were able to find an onion cell that had completed division, what products of cell division would she see? a. four different cells b. only one cell c. two identical cells d. four identical cells

c

Michelle os looking through a microscope at a cell from an onion root. she sees a cell that is in the process of dividing to make a new cell. this is what Michelle sees: study the diagram and the description above. what is the name for the process Michelle is observing? a. mutation b. meiosis c. mitosis d. metamorphosis

c

Michelle os looking through a microscope at a cell from an onion root. she sees a cell that is in the process of dividing to make a new cell. this is what Michelle sees: study the diagram and the information above. which of these statements about cell division is true? a. a newly formed daughter cell has less DNA than its parent cell b. cells divide at random times c. new cells formed by cell division can replace dying cells in an organism d. the phases of cell division can occur in any order

a

Michelle os looking through a microscope at a cell from an onion root. she sees a cell that is in the process of dividing to make a new cell. this is what Michelle sees: study the diagram and the statement above. Michelle is observing cell division in an onion cell, bit this type of cell division also occurs in the unman body. which statement is not true about this type of cell division in humans? a. this type of cell division is humans produces sex cells as well as body cells b. this type of cell division in humans occurs while bones are forming during development c. this type of cell division in humans can be affected by viruses d. this type of cell division in humans is necessary to heal cuts and wounds

c

Miguel is looking at cells through a microscope. is teacher, mrs. Sheng, has told him that he is viewing either a tomato cell or a bacterial cell. mrs. sheng would like Miguel to answer some questions about the cell he is looking at. read the information above. mrs. sheng asks Miguel to figure out what type of cell he is viewing. what. cell structure should Miguel be looking for to determine whether this cell came from a tomato plant or a bacterium? a. ribosomes b. mitochondria c. nucleus d. DNA