Bio Keystones

. cellular respiration

. Which process uses the products of photosynthesis as reactants?

They increase the recycling of carbon-containing molecules

. Which statement best describes a contribution that decomposers make to an ecosystem?

Original DNA is duplicated during replication and then distributed into two new cells.

. Which statement best describes the process by which the millions of body cells that form a housefly can all contain the same genetic information?

deletion

A G T G C C G A C arrow original strand A G G C C G A C arrow altered strand A section of DNA in a cell is altered. Which mutation is being illustrated in the DNA section above?

It will result in an incomplete protein that does not function properly

A mutation occurred that caused a change in an mRNA sequence. The mRNA codon UAC was replaced by the codon UAA. Which statement describes the most likely outcome of the mutation?

It is constructed by connecting smaller monomer subunits.

Cellulose is a carbohydrate and a polymer of glucose. Which statement best describes how cellulose is formed within living organisms?

reduced competition for natural resources

For the aye-aye species, what is most likely the primary value of individuals living alone?

The waxy coating is a lipid that can help prevent excess water loss in dry environments.

Many plants have a waxy coating on their leaves. Which statement describes the most likely structure and function of the waxy coating?

They use energy to function.

Most prokaryotes and eukaryotes maintain a reserve of ATP. Which feature of prokaryotes and eukaryotes makes the ATP reserve necessary?

a population

Strep throat is a common human illness often caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes. Which term best classifies the colonies of Streptococcus pyogenes in a person with strep throat?

processing and packaging proteins for cellular export

The Golgi apparatus is broken down during mitosis and then reformed. Which function would a cell be unable to perform during the time that its Golgi apparatus is broken down?

by preventing related populations from interacting

The Isthmus of Panama is a narrow strip of land that lies between the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean. It forms a land bridge that links North and South America. The formation of this isthmus separated two bodies of water that had previously been connected. How did the formation of this land bridge most likely influence the development of distinct marine species on either side of the land bridge?

. a medicine that affects pH

The enzyme pepsin is found in the stomach. Which medicine is most likely to directly interfere with pepsin's function?

. skin

The function of which human organ is most like the cell walls of bacteria?

. The number of dark-brown individuals increased

The graph represents the number of light brown and dark brown organisms living on the bottom of a clear, sandy lake 20 years ago. Over time, the lake bottom has become covered with dark sand and sediment. Which change has most likely occurred in the population?

Each parent contributes one allele for this trait.

The presence of a specific trait is genetically inherited. There are only two possible outcomes for this trait: an individual either inherits the trait or does not inherit the trait. Which statement best describes how parents influence this trait?

unlimited flow of water into or out of the cell

Which action is prevented by the plasma membrane?

Carbon can form four covalent bonds.

Which characteristic allows carbon atoms to form chains and rings with other carbon atoms?

Chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy that can be used by mitochondria.

Which statement best describes a relationship between mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Antibiotics interfere with the transport of intracellular and extracellular materials.

Which statement best describes how antibiotics affect cellular homeostasis?

Genotypic variation will increase in the population.

Which statement describes how a mutation would most likely affect a population?

Mitosis produces two daughter cells, and meiosis produces four daughter cells.

Which statement describes one difference between mitosis and meiosis in animal cells?

Both types of organisms assemble proteins through transcription and translation.

Which statement is true for all prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms?

chloroplasts that conduct photosynthesis

Which structure and function are common to all plants and some protists and distinguish them from all animals?

exocytosis and endocytosis

Which transport mechanisms require the formation of a vesicle to transport material into or out of a cell?