bio kidneys

Which renal structure begins in the renal cortex and carries tubular fluid through the osmotic gradient in the renal medulla?

collecting duct

Variable secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions is a specific function of which renal structure?

collecting system

Label each portion of the nephron and collecting system with its major functions

cont

Contraction of which structure compresses the urinary bladder and expels its contents into the urethra?

detrusor muscle

The nephron loops of juxtamedullary nephrons have an important function that other parts of the nephron do not share. What is this function?

establishing the concentration gradient in the renal medulla

Which structure is composed of a layer of collagen fibers that covers the entire outer surface of the kidney?

fiberous capsule

glomerus

filters water and solutes from plasma while retaining cells and large proteins

When the pH of body fluids decreases, which of the following are secreted in exchange for sodium ions reabsorbed in the distal convoluted tubule?

hydrogen

The ______ control(s) capillary diameter and the rate of capillary blood flow

mesangial cells

Part complete The ______ collects the urine produced by a single kidney lobe.

minor calyx

In which portion of the nephron and collecting system does the most reabsorption occur?

proximal convoluted tubule

proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)

reabsorbs most of the water, ions, and organic solutes; secretes waste

nephron loop

reabsorbs water and salt creates a concentration gradient

collecting duct

reabsorbs water and sodium ions in response to hormones; secretes hydrogen and potassium ions

Which structure filters the blood?

renal corpuscle

Formation of angiotensin I is triggered by

renin

distal convoluted tubule (DCT)

secretes wastes and ions in response to hormones

Which nitrogenous waste has the lowest concentration (mg/dL) in normal urine?

uric acid

Which nervous system structure(s) inhibits micturition by relaxing the detrusor and contracting the internal urethral sphincter?

Stretch receptor impulses activate sympathetic outflow

Which event correctly occurs under maximum ADH stimulation?

The DCT and collecting system become more permeable to water.

What is the function of the vasa recta?

to collect and transport water and solutes within the renal medulla in association with the juxtamedullary nephron