bio study question 9

5% -because elodea cell=4% solute and 96% water, outside solution=5% solute and 95% water -there will be net flow of water out of the cell -result in cell membrane being pulled away from the cell wall forming a sac containing the cytoplasm and organelles in the center of the cell

for the elodea to be distributed within in the cell as shown in the photograph, the cell most likely was placed in which of the following solutions: -.3% -4% -5% and why

bine shrimp

-feed on algae -live in salt water -contain high amounts of salinity

.3% -because when cells placed in solution containing .3% solute there will be net flow into the cell resulting in an increase in turgor pressure within the cells (cell contents=4% solution, 96% water; outside solution=.3% solute, 99.7% water)

12 elodea cells are placed in three solutions containing either 5% solute, 4% solute, or .3% solute -the cells placed in which solution would have the highest turgor pressure and why: -5% -4% -.3%

-two solutions are isotonic to each other when the solute concentration of the two solutions are equal -functional, healthy plant cells there is a net flow of water into the cells -when placed into a solution isotonic to the cell cytoplasm there will be no net flow into the cells and as a result their turgor pressure will decrease causing the walls to be less rigid which results in wilting

explain why a healthy corn plant wilts when placed into a solution which is isotonic to its cell's contents (define what is meant by two solutions being isotonic to each other and the role turgor pressure plays in the wilting process

similarity: both are examples of endocytosis in which materials are surrounded by the cell membrane and taken into the cell difference: receptor mediated endocytosis is a type of endocytosis in which specific substances are surrounded by the cell membrane and determined by specific cell surface membrane receptors and taken into the cell

list one major similarity and one major difference between endocytosis and receptor mediated endocytosis

water and lysine -vacuole membrane is permeable to water, glucose, and lysine -water moves from high concentration (vacuole) to low concentration (cytoplasm) -lysine moves from high concentration (vacuole) to low concentration (cytoplasm)

plant cell membranes are semi permeable. maple leaf central vacuole contains 4% lysine, 1% glucose, and 1% Na+. the cytoplasm contains .2% lysine, 2% glucose, and 5% Na+. -membrane is permeable to water, glucose, and lysine but is not permeable to Na+ Which substances will move out of the vacuole and into the cytoplasm? Check all that apply: -water -glucose -lysine -Na+

isotonic

the cell contents of the nine shrimp is ______ to the Great Lake Salt water, which has 24% salinity

hypotonic

the pond water in which Elodea is living is ______ to the elodea cell's contents

turgor pressure

the pressure which develops in plant cells due to a net flow of water into the cells

false

true or false: an example of exocytosis is the engulfment of a prey item, such as an algal cell, by an ameba

true

true or false: during exocytosis substances are secreted by cells

true

true or false: exocytosis does not require the use of cell membrane receptors

false

true or false: exocytosis is another name for the process of plasmolysis in plant cells

true

true or false: exocytosis requires ATP

true

true or false: the contents of the central vacuole is hypertonic to the contents of the cytoplasm

chloroplasts

what are the little green cells around the outside border

central vacuole

what is the large organelle in the center

cell wall

what is the light green outside structure

cell membrane

what is the outside clear structure

-herbivores -primary consumers -eukaryotes -heterotrophic

which of the following terms could be used to describe bine shrimp? check all that apply: -herbivores -primary consumers -producers -autotrophic -eukaryotes -carnivores -heterotrophic

plasmolysis

which term best describes the process that takes place when elodea cells are placed in a solution and are distributed to the center only

-ATP is required for macrophages to engulf bacteria -the mitochondria of microphages produces ATP -so if you poison the mitochondria of the macrophages they will be unable to engulf bacteria `

a biologist isolates two groups of WBCs. one group is treated with a chemical that prevents proper functioning. no chemical is added to the second group. in the first group, the WBCs couldn't engulf bacteria, but could in the second group. why?

the cell membrane has pulled away from the cell wall and the cell contents have been pulled to the center of the cell

describe what has happened to the distribution of the cell's contents by being placed in the solution compared to its distribution shown in the photograph of a normal healthy elodea cell

-since theres a lower concentration of water in the aquarium (74%) compared to the shrimp cell contents (76%) -water flows out the bine shrimp -the bine shrimp cells shrink causing death of the bine shrimp

in an experiment, bine shrimp were put in water with less salt concentration than where they usually live; explain why they died

shrimp: -24% solute -76% water Great Salt Lake: -24% solute -76% water aquarium water: -26% solute -74% water

list the solute and water concentration for each of the following: bine shrimp cell contents, Great Salt Lake water and the aquarium water

glucose -vacuole membrane is permeable to water, glucose, and lysine SO glucose moves from where it is in high concentration (in cytoplasm) to where it is in low concentration (vacuole)

plant cell membranes are semi permeable. maple leaf central vacuole contains 4% lysine, 1% glucose, and 1% Na+. the cytoplasm contains .2% lysine, 2% glucose, and 5% Na+. -membrane is permeable to water, glucose, and lysine but is not permeable to Na+. Which substances will move from the cytoplasm into the vacuole? Check all that apply: -water -Na+ -lysine glucose

false

true or false: the contents of the central vacuole is hypotonic to the contents of the cytoplasm

false

true or false: the contents of the central vacuole is isotonic to the contents of the cytoplasm

false

true or false: the contents of the cytoplasm is hypertonic to the contents of the central vacuole

true

true or false: the contents of the cytoplasm is hypotonic to the contents of the central vacuole

false

true or false: the contents of the cytoplasm is isotonic to the contents of the central vacuole

true

true or false: the discharge of pectin from golgi transport vesicles onto the surface of plant cell membrane is an example of exocytosis

under both conditions there is a higher concentration of water outside the cell than outside the cell, there is a net flow of water into the cell and water must be pumped out of the cell via the contractile vacuole -when the paramecium in the natural pond water the difference in concentration between the inside of the cell is 96%=concentration gradient -when they're placed in artificial pond water, the difference in concentration between the inside and the outside of the cell is 99.6%=concentration gradient -since the concentration gradient for the paramecium placed in the artificial pond water is greater than the concentration gradient of the paramecium placed in natural pond water, the water flows into the cells at a faster rate and therefore the contractile vacuole has to contract at a faster rate to keep up with the more rapid flow of water into the cell

a biologist placed a drop of pond water on a slide and counted the rate of contraction over a period of one minute for 100 individuals. the solute concentration is 2% and the average rate is 100 contractions/min. then she puts the cells in artificial pond water that has a solute concentration of .02% and counted the contractions and found them to be 300 contractions/min. -briefly explain why the average rate of contraction increased when the paramecia were placed in the artificial pond water