BIOL 1201 OLD TEST QUESTIONS

Which of the following is a difference between RNA and DNA?

RNA - base uracil DNA - base thymine

In plants, how many CO2 molecules are needed to make one sucrose molecule?

12

One strand of DNA has the sequence 5' - CCAAGTGT - '3 what is the sequence of the complementary strand?

5' - ACACTTGG - '3

alcohol fermentation =

1 glucose = 2 carbon

mitosis =

1 haploid and 2 diploid

The molecular formula of glucose is C6 H12 06. What would be the most molecular formula of a polymer made by linking 10 glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

C60 H102 O51

Which molecule will yield the most energy in aerobic respiration?

Glucose

You have a yeast strain that has a defect in the krebs cycle. Under what conditions, if any, could that yeast grow?

It can grow by alcoholic fermentation

Which is considered a base:

NH3 + H+ ----> NH4+

Chemiosmosis drives ____

ATP formation

This component is found in eukaryotic cells

All of the above: Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids.

A bag with an unknown sucrose concentration made of an artificial membrane with pores large enough to let water pass but not sucrose was places in a solution of 0.5M sucrose. After 20 minutes the bag was removed and it had gotten bigger. Which statement is true?

The bag had lower than 0.5M sucrose initially and a lower concentration after 20 minutes.

Which enzyme is responsible for the making of protein translation?

The ribosome

Which of the following is NOT a protein function? a) Catalysis of chemical reactions. b) protein is part of hair and ligaments. c) communication between cells (hormones). d) proteins are important in our sense of hearing and vision. e) All of these are functions of proteins.

all of these are functions of proteins... proteins do EVERYTHING

Place the following in the correct order from smallest to biggest: lysosome, triglyceride, amino acid, and human fibroblast cell

amino acid - triglyceride - lysosome - human fibroblast cell

The most common form of calcium has 20 proteins, 20 neutrons, and 20 electrons. Which of the following elements would be an isotope calcium?

an atom with 20 protons, 21 neutrons, and 20 electrons.

A child born with down syndrome has:

an extra chromosome 21

A typical mRNA found in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell will have all of the following features except: a) a 5' cap b) 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) c) a poly-adenine tail d) an intron e) all of the following will be present

an intron

which type of linkage connects glucose units in cellulose?

beta glycosidic linkages

The cytoskeleton is composed of

protein

Which type of Macromolecule listed below contains sulfur? a) proteins. b) carbohydrates. c) nucleic acids. d) lipids. e) all of the above.

proteins contain sulfur

Atomic number is the same as the number of _____

protons and electrons

In the reaction: pyruvate + NAD+ --> acetly Coa + CO2 + NADH + H+ which of the reactants has been oxidized? a) pyruvate b) NAD+ c) both d) none

pyruvate has been oxidized

Can you predict the EXACT amino acid sequence that the mRNA codes for?

yes

An atom having an atomic number of 10 and a mass of 22 would be expected to have ____ neutrons.

12

What is the OH concentration of a cola with a H+ concentration of 1x10-4M?

1x10-10M

How many CO2 molecules are produced when ONE glucose molecule is completely utilized in the process of ALCOHOL fermentation?

2

How many CO2 molecules are released by a signe acetyl coa molecule during aerobic respiration?

2

NADH has ____ more electrons than NAD+

2 more electrons

How many amino acids will be in the final protein this mRNA codes for if there are 600 nucleotides?

200 1 amino acid = 3 bases 600/3 = 200

0.2 mm =

200 um

How many CO2 molecules are produced when ONE glucose molecule is completely utilized in the process of AEROBIC respiration?

6

An element has 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 8 electrons. Its atomic number and atomic mass are ____

8 and 17

In an analysis of the nucleic composition of DNA, which of the following is true? a) A = C b) A = G and C = T c) A + C = G + T d) G + C = A + T e) T = G

A + C = G + T

Which source of energy is most directly responsible for ATP synthesis in the chloroplast?

A pH gradient across the thylakoid membrane.

Erythrose, a 4 carbon sugar, has the following chemical formula: a) C4 H7 O3 b) C4 H7 O4 c) C4 H4 O4 d) C4 H8 O4 e) C6 H12 O6

C4 H8 O4

What type of photosynthesis is done by sugar cane?

C4 type photosynthesis.

what are the possible genomes of NnTt? How many genomes?

NT, Nt, nT, nt 4 genomes

Which of the following functional groups is a weak base?

R-NH2

The overall three dimensional shape of a single polypeptide is called the ____ a) double helix b) primary structure c) secondary structure d) tertiary structure e) quaternary structure

Tertiary structure

What types of fermentation can the brain perform?

The brain cannot do any fermentation

what is true for endergonic reactions?

The products have MORE free energy than the reactants.

In aerobic cellular respiration, oxygen is directly released in ____

accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain.

One characteristic shared by sucrose, lactose, and maltose is that they are all _____

disaccharides

A chemical reaction that requires energy

endergonic reactions

Oxygen and sulfur atoms a) have different numbers of protons. b) have different numbers of valence electrons. c) form different numbers of chemical bonds. d) all of the above answers are correct. e) none of the above answers are correct.

have different numbers of protons.

Separates the two DNA strands to unwind them

helicase

two different alleles

heterozygous

Chromosomes that carry the same assembly of genes controlling the same traits are best described as:

homologous chromosomes

two identical alleles

homozygous

A molecule that has all nonpolar covalent bonds would be ____

hydrophobic

What type of bond results from a complete transfer of electrons between atoms?

ionic bonds

Under 50

linked genes

An isotope would have one more _____

neutron

In the scientific method, which is the next step after making a hypothesis?

testing the hypothesis

A protein known as a phospholipase removes fatty acids from phospholipids. What cellular structure would be most affected by this enzyme?

the cell membranes.

RNA =

transcription

aerobic respiration =

1 glucose = 6 carbons

meiosis =

1 haploid and 4 diploid

Dog intestinal cells have 78 chromosomes. How many chromosomes do dog sperm cells have?

39 sperm cells are half the number of regular cells

The H+ concentration in a cola is 1x10-4M. What is the pH of the solution?

4

Consider the isotopes of Carbon, 12C, 13C, and 14C. Which of them is stable?

Carbon 12 and carbon 13 are both stable. Carbon 14 is unstable.

Where is rubisco located in the chloroplast?

Chloroplast stroma

Links two pieces of DNA together

DNA ligase

Removes the RNA primer and replaces it with DNA

DNA polymerase 1

The stage of the cell cycle that occurs immediately after DNA replication:

G2

The nucleus and mitochondria contain _____, but the lysosome and the cell wall do not.

Nucleic Acid

2 H2O2 ---> 2 H2O + O2

The reaction is always exergonic but catalase lowered the activation energy.

You are looking at a cell under the microscope. It has a nucleus, a large vacuole and many chloroplasts. What type of cell is it?

a plant cell

While at the store you buy some celery. The cells in the celery stalks are ____.

alive

This process converts glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid and produces 2 ATP

glycolysis

The mitotic spindles is composed of:

microtubules

This process consumes O2, converting it to H2O

mitochondrial electron transport

In a message the codon CGA was changed to UGA creating a stop codon

nonsense mutation

Most RNA processing in a eukaryotic cells takes place in the:

nucleus

Which organelle prevents small charged molecules like Na+ from rapidly entering the cell?

the plasma membrane

Insulin is a protein excreted by pancrease cells that is made on _____

the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Protein =

translation

A cell has a diameter of 10 um. What is the distance in millimeters? a) 10 mm b) 1 mm c) 0.1 mm d) 0.01 mm e) 0.001 mm

0.01 mm

Which of the carbon isotopes (C12, C13, and C14) is found in nature or naturally occurring?

Carbon 12, Carbon 13, and Carbon 14 are all found in nature.

A chemical reaction that does not require energy

exergonic reactions

A gene on the y chromosome produces hairy ears. If a man has this trait, what is the chance that his son will have hairy ears?

100% chance

In trying to determine whether DNA or protein is the genetic material, Hershey and Chase made use of which of the following facts?

DNA has no sulfur protein has sulfur DNA has phosphorus protein has no phosphorus

The making of an exact copy of DNA

DNA replication

Mixing a heat killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form

Griffiths observations of his experiment

A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. Which of the following statements is true concerning this compound? a) it should dissolve in water. b) it is probably a lipid. c) it should dissolve in olive oil. d) it wont form hydrgoen bonds with water. e) all of the above answers are correct.

It should dissolve in water.

You have a friend that recently lost wait. What happened to the mass of the fat that was lost?

It was released as CO2 and H2O.

Chemiosmosis occurs in:

The mitochondrion and the chloroplast

Hydrogen bonding between water molecules influences: a) an insects ability to walk on water. b) the ability of a tree to transfer water from the roots to the leaves. c) the ability of water to store large quantities of heat. d) all of the above are correct. e) none of the above are correct.

all of the above are correct.

Which organism below is capable of aerobic respiration? a) grass b) yeast cells c) oak trees d) mice e) all of them

all of them are capable of aerobic respiration

Cellulose does not readily react with O2 forming CO2 and H2O at room temperature because:

at room temperature the activation energy barrier for this reaction cannot be surmounted.

Chlorophyll molecules mostly absorb the ____ wavelengths of visible light

green and yellow

Which of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance: a) pink flowers in snapdragons b) hair color in humans c) the ABO blood type group in humans d) cinnabar eye color in fruit flies e) white and purple color in sweat peas

hair color in humans

The scientific method usually begins with ____

making observations

This process takes place in the inner membrane of the mitochondria

mitochondrial electron transport

You scrape your face in a bicycle accident. What type of cell division is occurring during the healing process?

mitosis

Regulation of more than one trait by a single gene

pleiotrophy

How many and what type of bonds does sulfur usually form in biology?

two covalent bonds

All of the following occur during the krebs cycle except: a) production of ATP b) production of NADH c) production of FADH2 d) release of carbon dioxide e) adding electrons and protons to oxygen to form water

Adding electrons and protons to oxygen to form water does not occur in the krebs cycel

You accidentally leave your favorite house/dorm plant in the dark over thanksgiving vacation. But it is still alive when you return because:

It obtained energy from stored sugar and starch molecules produced before your vacation.

Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells? a) cytoplasm b) RNA c) mitochondria d) plasma membrane e) all of these structures are in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Mitochondria is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells.

Compare the process of spermatogenesis and oogenesis in humans. Which process takes longer?

Oogenesis takes much longer (days or more) than spermatogenesis

We saw a neutrophil engulf a bacterium. What type of transport is occurring?

Phagocytosis

After one cell division, which cells are radioactive?

both

How does an enzyme catalyze a reaction?

by lowering the activation energy of a reaction.

If glucose entering the cell from the blood goes through GLUT2 carrier protein and goes from high to low concentration.... what type of transport is occurring?

facilitated diffusion

What type of biological molecules are inserted into bacteria by bacteriophages to start viral infection?

nucleic acids only

Atomic mass is the number of ___ and ____ added together

protons + neutrons = atomic mass

Which of the following is an example of a primary protein structure? a) when the subunits of hemoglobin come together to form the whole protein. b) when a protein folds up to its final form. c) the protein sequence is leucine - valine - glycine. d) a B-sheet occurs e) ALL of the above are examples of primary structure

the protein sequence is leucine - valine - glycine

Which of the following is an example of a lipid? a) insulin b) chitin c) maltose d) triglyceride e) ATP

triglyceride because Insulin is a protein, maltose is a carbohydrate, and ATP is a neucleotide

After two rounds of cell division there are four cells. How many of these cells will be radioactive?

two will be radioactive.

Higher than 50

unlinked genes

Favipiravir is used to treat Ebola because it inhibits the viral RNA polymerase. This directly inhibits:

viral transcription

How do water molecules interact with large molcules like a protein?

water can form hydrogen bonds with the protein.