BIOL 1201 OLD TEST QUESTIONS
Which of the following is a difference between RNA and DNA?
RNA - base uracil DNA - base thymine
In plants, how many CO2 molecules are needed to make one sucrose molecule?
12
One strand of DNA has the sequence 5' - CCAAGTGT - '3 what is the sequence of the complementary strand?
5' - ACACTTGG - '3
alcohol fermentation =
1 glucose = 2 carbon
mitosis =
1 haploid and 2 diploid
The molecular formula of glucose is C6 H12 06. What would be the most molecular formula of a polymer made by linking 10 glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?
C60 H102 O51
Which molecule will yield the most energy in aerobic respiration?
Glucose
You have a yeast strain that has a defect in the krebs cycle. Under what conditions, if any, could that yeast grow?
It can grow by alcoholic fermentation
Which is considered a base:
NH3 + H+ ----> NH4+
Chemiosmosis drives ____
ATP formation
This component is found in eukaryotic cells
All of the above: Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids.
A bag with an unknown sucrose concentration made of an artificial membrane with pores large enough to let water pass but not sucrose was places in a solution of 0.5M sucrose. After 20 minutes the bag was removed and it had gotten bigger. Which statement is true?
The bag had lower than 0.5M sucrose initially and a lower concentration after 20 minutes.
Which enzyme is responsible for the making of protein translation?
The ribosome
Which of the following is NOT a protein function? a) Catalysis of chemical reactions. b) protein is part of hair and ligaments. c) communication between cells (hormones). d) proteins are important in our sense of hearing and vision. e) All of these are functions of proteins.
all of these are functions of proteins... proteins do EVERYTHING
Place the following in the correct order from smallest to biggest: lysosome, triglyceride, amino acid, and human fibroblast cell
amino acid - triglyceride - lysosome - human fibroblast cell
The most common form of calcium has 20 proteins, 20 neutrons, and 20 electrons. Which of the following elements would be an isotope calcium?
an atom with 20 protons, 21 neutrons, and 20 electrons.
A child born with down syndrome has:
an extra chromosome 21
A typical mRNA found in the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell will have all of the following features except: a) a 5' cap b) 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) c) a poly-adenine tail d) an intron e) all of the following will be present
an intron
which type of linkage connects glucose units in cellulose?
beta glycosidic linkages
The cytoskeleton is composed of
protein
Which type of Macromolecule listed below contains sulfur? a) proteins. b) carbohydrates. c) nucleic acids. d) lipids. e) all of the above.
proteins contain sulfur
Atomic number is the same as the number of _____
protons and electrons
In the reaction: pyruvate + NAD+ --> acetly Coa + CO2 + NADH + H+ which of the reactants has been oxidized? a) pyruvate b) NAD+ c) both d) none
pyruvate has been oxidized
Can you predict the EXACT amino acid sequence that the mRNA codes for?
yes
An atom having an atomic number of 10 and a mass of 22 would be expected to have ____ neutrons.
12
What is the OH concentration of a cola with a H+ concentration of 1x10-4M?
1x10-10M
How many CO2 molecules are produced when ONE glucose molecule is completely utilized in the process of ALCOHOL fermentation?
2
How many CO2 molecules are released by a signe acetyl coa molecule during aerobic respiration?
2
NADH has ____ more electrons than NAD+
2 more electrons
How many amino acids will be in the final protein this mRNA codes for if there are 600 nucleotides?
200 1 amino acid = 3 bases 600/3 = 200
0.2 mm =
200 um
How many CO2 molecules are produced when ONE glucose molecule is completely utilized in the process of AEROBIC respiration?
6
An element has 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 8 electrons. Its atomic number and atomic mass are ____
8 and 17
In an analysis of the nucleic composition of DNA, which of the following is true? a) A = C b) A = G and C = T c) A + C = G + T d) G + C = A + T e) T = G
A + C = G + T
Which source of energy is most directly responsible for ATP synthesis in the chloroplast?
A pH gradient across the thylakoid membrane.
Erythrose, a 4 carbon sugar, has the following chemical formula: a) C4 H7 O3 b) C4 H7 O4 c) C4 H4 O4 d) C4 H8 O4 e) C6 H12 O6
C4 H8 O4
What type of photosynthesis is done by sugar cane?
C4 type photosynthesis.
what are the possible genomes of NnTt? How many genomes?
NT, Nt, nT, nt 4 genomes
Which of the following functional groups is a weak base?
R-NH2
The overall three dimensional shape of a single polypeptide is called the ____ a) double helix b) primary structure c) secondary structure d) tertiary structure e) quaternary structure
Tertiary structure
What types of fermentation can the brain perform?
The brain cannot do any fermentation
what is true for endergonic reactions?
The products have MORE free energy than the reactants.
In aerobic cellular respiration, oxygen is directly released in ____
accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain.
One characteristic shared by sucrose, lactose, and maltose is that they are all _____
disaccharides
A chemical reaction that requires energy
endergonic reactions
Oxygen and sulfur atoms a) have different numbers of protons. b) have different numbers of valence electrons. c) form different numbers of chemical bonds. d) all of the above answers are correct. e) none of the above answers are correct.
have different numbers of protons.
Separates the two DNA strands to unwind them
helicase
two different alleles
heterozygous
Chromosomes that carry the same assembly of genes controlling the same traits are best described as:
homologous chromosomes
two identical alleles
homozygous
A molecule that has all nonpolar covalent bonds would be ____
hydrophobic
What type of bond results from a complete transfer of electrons between atoms?
ionic bonds
Under 50
linked genes
An isotope would have one more _____
neutron
In the scientific method, which is the next step after making a hypothesis?
testing the hypothesis
A protein known as a phospholipase removes fatty acids from phospholipids. What cellular structure would be most affected by this enzyme?
the cell membranes.
RNA =
transcription
aerobic respiration =
1 glucose = 6 carbons
meiosis =
1 haploid and 4 diploid
Dog intestinal cells have 78 chromosomes. How many chromosomes do dog sperm cells have?
39 sperm cells are half the number of regular cells
The H+ concentration in a cola is 1x10-4M. What is the pH of the solution?
4
Consider the isotopes of Carbon, 12C, 13C, and 14C. Which of them is stable?
Carbon 12 and carbon 13 are both stable. Carbon 14 is unstable.
Where is rubisco located in the chloroplast?
Chloroplast stroma
Links two pieces of DNA together
DNA ligase
Removes the RNA primer and replaces it with DNA
DNA polymerase 1
The stage of the cell cycle that occurs immediately after DNA replication:
G2
The nucleus and mitochondria contain _____, but the lysosome and the cell wall do not.
Nucleic Acid
2 H2O2 ---> 2 H2O + O2
The reaction is always exergonic but catalase lowered the activation energy.
You are looking at a cell under the microscope. It has a nucleus, a large vacuole and many chloroplasts. What type of cell is it?
a plant cell
While at the store you buy some celery. The cells in the celery stalks are ____.
alive
This process converts glucose into two molecules of pyruvic acid and produces 2 ATP
glycolysis
The mitotic spindles is composed of:
microtubules
This process consumes O2, converting it to H2O
mitochondrial electron transport
In a message the codon CGA was changed to UGA creating a stop codon
nonsense mutation
Most RNA processing in a eukaryotic cells takes place in the:
nucleus
Which organelle prevents small charged molecules like Na+ from rapidly entering the cell?
the plasma membrane
Insulin is a protein excreted by pancrease cells that is made on _____
the rough endoplasmic reticulum
Protein =
translation
A cell has a diameter of 10 um. What is the distance in millimeters? a) 10 mm b) 1 mm c) 0.1 mm d) 0.01 mm e) 0.001 mm
0.01 mm
Which of the carbon isotopes (C12, C13, and C14) is found in nature or naturally occurring?
Carbon 12, Carbon 13, and Carbon 14 are all found in nature.
A chemical reaction that does not require energy
exergonic reactions
A gene on the y chromosome produces hairy ears. If a man has this trait, what is the chance that his son will have hairy ears?
100% chance
In trying to determine whether DNA or protein is the genetic material, Hershey and Chase made use of which of the following facts?
DNA has no sulfur protein has sulfur DNA has phosphorus protein has no phosphorus
The making of an exact copy of DNA
DNA replication
Mixing a heat killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form
Griffiths observations of his experiment
A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. Which of the following statements is true concerning this compound? a) it should dissolve in water. b) it is probably a lipid. c) it should dissolve in olive oil. d) it wont form hydrgoen bonds with water. e) all of the above answers are correct.
It should dissolve in water.
You have a friend that recently lost wait. What happened to the mass of the fat that was lost?
It was released as CO2 and H2O.
Chemiosmosis occurs in:
The mitochondrion and the chloroplast
Hydrogen bonding between water molecules influences: a) an insects ability to walk on water. b) the ability of a tree to transfer water from the roots to the leaves. c) the ability of water to store large quantities of heat. d) all of the above are correct. e) none of the above are correct.
all of the above are correct.
Which organism below is capable of aerobic respiration? a) grass b) yeast cells c) oak trees d) mice e) all of them
all of them are capable of aerobic respiration
Cellulose does not readily react with O2 forming CO2 and H2O at room temperature because:
at room temperature the activation energy barrier for this reaction cannot be surmounted.
Chlorophyll molecules mostly absorb the ____ wavelengths of visible light
green and yellow
Which of the following is an example of polygenic inheritance: a) pink flowers in snapdragons b) hair color in humans c) the ABO blood type group in humans d) cinnabar eye color in fruit flies e) white and purple color in sweat peas
hair color in humans
The scientific method usually begins with ____
making observations
This process takes place in the inner membrane of the mitochondria
mitochondrial electron transport
You scrape your face in a bicycle accident. What type of cell division is occurring during the healing process?
mitosis
Regulation of more than one trait by a single gene
pleiotrophy
How many and what type of bonds does sulfur usually form in biology?
two covalent bonds
All of the following occur during the krebs cycle except: a) production of ATP b) production of NADH c) production of FADH2 d) release of carbon dioxide e) adding electrons and protons to oxygen to form water
Adding electrons and protons to oxygen to form water does not occur in the krebs cycel
You accidentally leave your favorite house/dorm plant in the dark over thanksgiving vacation. But it is still alive when you return because:
It obtained energy from stored sugar and starch molecules produced before your vacation.
Which of the following structures is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells? a) cytoplasm b) RNA c) mitochondria d) plasma membrane e) all of these structures are in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Mitochondria is found in eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells.
Compare the process of spermatogenesis and oogenesis in humans. Which process takes longer?
Oogenesis takes much longer (days or more) than spermatogenesis
We saw a neutrophil engulf a bacterium. What type of transport is occurring?
Phagocytosis
After one cell division, which cells are radioactive?
both
How does an enzyme catalyze a reaction?
by lowering the activation energy of a reaction.
If glucose entering the cell from the blood goes through GLUT2 carrier protein and goes from high to low concentration.... what type of transport is occurring?
facilitated diffusion
What type of biological molecules are inserted into bacteria by bacteriophages to start viral infection?
nucleic acids only
Atomic mass is the number of ___ and ____ added together
protons + neutrons = atomic mass
Which of the following is an example of a primary protein structure? a) when the subunits of hemoglobin come together to form the whole protein. b) when a protein folds up to its final form. c) the protein sequence is leucine - valine - glycine. d) a B-sheet occurs e) ALL of the above are examples of primary structure
the protein sequence is leucine - valine - glycine
Which of the following is an example of a lipid? a) insulin b) chitin c) maltose d) triglyceride e) ATP
triglyceride because Insulin is a protein, maltose is a carbohydrate, and ATP is a neucleotide
After two rounds of cell division there are four cells. How many of these cells will be radioactive?
two will be radioactive.
Higher than 50
unlinked genes
Favipiravir is used to treat Ebola because it inhibits the viral RNA polymerase. This directly inhibits:
viral transcription
How do water molecules interact with large molcules like a protein?
water can form hydrogen bonds with the protein.
