Biol251 Quiz Week 1

How many hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary?

0

Hormones produced and released from sex organs include which of the following?

A, B, and C are all correct (Estrogen and progesterone, testosterone, inhibit)

In the sliding filament model of contraction, actin and myosin filaments slide past one another using what as an energy source?

ATP

Cushing's disease is a disorder caused by ________.

Abnormally high levels of cortisol

Which two proteins interact to cause a contraction in a skeletal muscle?

Actin and myosin

Hormones regulate certain target cell responses. These can include which of the following?

All of the above are correct (Metabolism, sexual function, fluid balance, growth and development of tissue)

Which of the following is/are true about nervous tissue?

All of the above statements are true

The nervous system uses which of the following types of intercellular communication?

Electrical and chemical

Stage one of GAS is called the alarm reaction. This is short-term stress, the fight-or-flight response, mediated by the hormones ______ and ____ from the adrenal medulla.

Epinephrine; norepinephrine

Which of the following can result from hyperparathyroidism?

Fractures?

What is the fibrocartilage padding in between the vertebrae called?

Intervertebral Disc

Where can osteocytes be found within compact bone?

Lacunae

A ________ is a membranous, bean-shaped organelle that is called the "energy transformer" of the cell.

Mitochondrion

Varying degrees of contractile force in a skeletal muscle are generated through the process of what?

Motor unit recruitment

What are the bone forming cells that secrete organic matrix?

Osteoblasts

Which of the following bones is part of the Appendicular skeleton?

Scapula

________ muscle is also called voluntary muscle.

Skeletal

The resting membrane potential is primarily due to the differences in concentration of which ions?

Sodium and potassium

Which part of the neuron contains the nucleus?

Soma

Voltage-gated sodium channels open upon reaching which state?

Threshold

The parathyroid glands are tiny, round structures usually found embedded in the posterior surface of the __________ .

Thyroid gland

What is the name of the process during which a chain of amino acids called a polypeptide is synthesized?

Translation

Which of the following is probably going to propagate an action potential fastest?

a thick, myelinated axon

Which of the following statements about the thyroid gland is true?

all of the above are true.

What type of cells make up cartilage?

chondrocytes

Which structures of cardiac muscle allows the cells to contract in waves so the heart can work as a pump?

intercalated discs

The gonads produce what class of hormones?

steroid hormones

The development of a goiter indicates that ________.

there is an excessive accumulation of colloid in the thyroid follicles

The process named "transcription" occurs within the cell nucleus. _______ is produced during this process.

A mRNA molecule

The hormones of the human body can be divided into which of the following major group(s)?

C and D above are correct. (Hormones derived from amino acids/hormones derived from lipids)

Which of the following sequences on a DNA molecule would be complimentary to GCTTATAT?

CGAATATA

The parathyroid glands are small structures located on the posterior thyroid gland that produce parathyroid hormone (PTH), which regulates blood ______ levels.

Calcium

Which of these locations is where the greatest level of integration is taking place in the example of testing the temperature of something?

Cerebral cortex

A patient complains of severe neck pain. The clinician will examine which group pf vertebrae?

Cervical

In contrast to the nervous system, the endocrine system uses only one method of communication: ____ signaling.

Chemical

What secretory cell type is found in the adrenal medulla?

Chromaffin cells

Which of the following cavities contains a component of the central nervous system?

Cranial

The jelly-like substance found within cells that provides the fluid medium necessary for biochemical reactions is called ______.

Cytosol

Which of the following is NOT a difference between DNA and RNA?

DNA contains alternating sugar-phosphate molecules whereas RNA does not contain sugars

The primary hormones produced by the ovaries are _________.

Estrogen

The most abundant cell in connective tissue is the _______.

Fibroblast

Cells of the body are organized into _____ broad categories of tissue.

Four

The adrenal gland consists of an outer Cortez of ____ tissue and an inner medulla of ______ tissue.

Glandular; nervous

The alpha cells of the pancreatic islets produce and secrete _____ .

Glucagon

Smooth muscle tissue can be found in all but which of the following places?

Heart

The signaling done by the endocrine system is accomplished by the use of chemical called _______.

Hormones

Cartilage is a specific type of connective tissue. What is the most common type of cartilage in the body?

Hyaline cartilage

How can the anterior part of the pituitary gland control the secretion of thyroid hormones?

If there is not enough thyroid hormones available in the body, the anterior pituitary can release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH then stimulates the thyroid gland to release more thyroid hormone.

The beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce and secrete _________.

Insulin

Which of the following statements about insulin is true?

Insulin facilitates the movement of intracellular glucose transporters to the cell membrane.

The adrenal glands are wedges of glandular and neuroendocrine tissue adhering to the top of the ____.

Kidneys

Which general type of hormone can easily pass through the cell membrane and into the cytoplasm of the cell?

Lipid-soluble hormones

The hypothalamus is functionally and anatomically connected to the posterior pituitary lobe by a bridge of ____.

Nerve axons

The two major organ systems that participate in relatively "long distance" communication in order to control and coordinate actions in the body are the _____ system and the _____ system.

Nervous; endocrine

The females uterus secretes the following hormone:

None

One of the major functions of the adrenal glands is to respond to ____.

Stress

According to your author, which of the following functions of connective tissue is it's most important function?

Support and connect other tissues

Which of the following is an anterior pituitary hormone?

TSH

slow oxidative (SO) muscle fibers:

Use primarily aerobic respiration

The function of the placental hormone human placental lactogen (hPL) is to ________.

prepare the breasts for lactation