Biology Ch 3 Questions
How many different kinds of amino acids are there in most proteins?
20
An example of a hydrocarbon
C3H8
A shortage of phosphorus in the soil would make it especially difficult for a plant to manufacture _____.
DNA
How does a protein's quaternary structure differ from other levels of protein structure?
It involves two or more polypeptide chains.
Generally, animals cannot digest the linkages between the glucose molecules in cellulose. How then do cows get enough nutrients from eating grass?
Microorganisms in their digestive tracts hydrolyze the cellulose to glucose.
How does DNA differ from RNA?
RNA contains ribose, DNA does not.
Nutritionally, saturated triglycerides are considered to be less healthy than unsaturated triglycerides. Consider the differences between the two molecules shown below. What is one major difference between them?
Saturated triglycerides have more hydrogens than unsaturated triglycerides.
What is one characteristic shared by sucrose and maltose?
They are all disaccharides.
what do nucleic acids and proteins have in common?
They are large polymers
In a hydrolysis reaction, _____. In this process, water is _____.
a polymer breaks up to form monomers ... consumed
Carboxyl is to _____ as _____ is to base.
acid ... amino
Although the structures of the functional groups important to life vary in chemical structure, they share one thing in common: They _____.
all are hydrophilic and increase the organic compound's water solubility
To what does the term polypeptide specifically refer?
amino acids linked by dehydration synthesis
Lipids differ from other large biological molecules in that they _____.
are not truly polymers
what might alter a protein's shape?
changing the concentration of salt in the environment
Hydrogenated vegetable oils are more like animal fats than other plant oils. Because they _____ than other plant oils, they can contribute to cardiovascular disease.
contain fewer double bonds
In the process of converting cornstarch into high fructose corn syrup, one of the first products is _____. Then, enzymes are used to convert some of this product to fructose.
glucose
Cellulose is a _____ made of many _____.
polymer ... glucose molecules
Collagen has great strength because of its _____ structure.
quaternary structure
Collagen is found in connective tissue, which is a structural component of bones, tendons, and ligament. Collagen has great strength because of its _____ structure.
quaternary structure
The alpha helix and pleated sheet represent which level of protein structure?
secondary structure
The complex carbohydrate that you are most likely to have eaten recently is _____.
starch
When two monosaccharides link to form a disaccharide, the by-product is _____.
structural support
Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates?
structural support
what is a function of carbohydrates?
structural support
Which of the following would be affected when a protein is denatured?
tertiary structure
Lactose tolerance is an adaptation _____.
that was advantageous to individuals after the age of 2
A fatty acid containing at least two double bonds is called _____.
unsaturated
