Biology Ch. 46 Test

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internal

________ respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and the cells of the body

capillaries

___________ are the blood vessels that connect the arteries to the veins

internal

_____________respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and the cells of the body

external

__________respiration is the exchange of gasses between the atmosphere and the blood

platelets

________are essential to the formation of a blood clot

veins

________contains valves and carry blood back to the heart

external

_______respiration is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood

arteries

______carry blood away from the heart.

white

_____blood cells help defend the body against disease.

red

_____blood cells transport oxygen

alveolus

a network of capillaries surrounds each _________

a

a person with antigen A on their red blood cells can give blood to someone with blood type(s) a-A and AB b-B and AB c-only AB d-only O

alveoli

all exchange of gases in the lungs occurs at the ________

d

alveoli in the lungs are connected to the bronchi by a network of tiny tubes called a-arterioles b-venules c-capillaries d-bornchioles

d

an abnormality involcing the plateltes would probably affect the process of a-breathing b-locomotion c-fighting bacterial infections d-blood clotting

a

an artery a-usually carries oxygen-rich blood b-has thin, slighly elastic walls c-has valves that prevent blood from flowing backward d-all of the above

d

an artery has a much thicker muscle layer than a- a vein b-a capillary c-a venule d-all of the above

red blood cells

antigens determing blood type are carried on the surface of _____________________

c

atherosclerosis is characterized by a-increased circulation to the heart b-larger muscles c-a narrowing of the inner walls of coronary arteries due to buildup of fatty materials d-a widening of inner walls of blood vessels as a result of a heart attack

platelets, fibrin

blood clotting occurs when _________ release a clotting protein, which causes a clotting reaction to occur. a _______ net forms, trapping blood cells and platelets

tricuspid valve

blood clows from the right atrium to the right ventricle through the _________

c

blood entering the right atrium a-is full of oxygen b-is returning from the lungs c-is deoxygenated d-is low in plasma and platelets

body, heart, lungs, oxygenation, heart, body

blood flows from the _______ into the ________ which then pumps blood to the _______. after ________, blood returns to the _______which pumps blood the the rest of the __________

plasma

blood is composed of ________ (water, metabolites, wastes, salts, and proteins), red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

b

bronchiole:alveoli:: a-alveholi:bronchi b-bronchi:larynx c-larynx:pharynx d-bronchi:bronchioles

d

carbon dioxide is transported in the blood in all of the following ways EXCEPT a-disolved in plasma b-combined with hemoglobin c-as bicarbonate ions d-by white blood cells

c

carbon dioxide:lungs:: a- nutrients:kidneys b-nutrients:lungs c-nitrogenous waste:kidneys d-nitrogenous waste:lungs

d

cholesterol buildup: atherosclerosis:: a-iron buildup: atherosclerosis b- arteriosclerosis: the heart to work more easily c- low intake of saturated fats: heart attacks d- atherosclerosis: heart attacks

d

defending the body against bacterial infection and invasion by foreign substances is a function of a-red blood cells b-plasma c-platelets d-white blood cells

white

defending the body against bacterial infection and invasion by other foreign substances is the function of ________ blood cells

contract

during inspiration, the diaphragm and rib muscles ______, the thoracic cavity expands, and air is pulled into the lungs

b

during swallowing, the air passageway of the pharynx is covered by the a-larynx b-epiglottis c-trachea d-bronchi

c

each alveolus a-contians many air sacs b-attatches directly to the larynx c-is surrounded by capillaries d-is a large air sac

a

gas exchange occurs when a-oxygen in the alveoli diffuses into the blood in the capillaries b-oxygen binds with hemoglobin in the red blood cells c-the red blood cells give up oxygen to the cells of the body tissues d-all of the above

carbon dioxide

hemoglobin in red blood cells bind to both oxygen and ________________ ______________

a

if a blood vessel has valves, it is probably a- a vein b-an artery c- a venule d- part of the lymphatic system

systemic

in ____________ circulation, blood travels between the heart and all other body tissues

pulmonary

in ____________circulation, blood travels between the heart and lungs.

a

infections generally result in an increase in the number of a-leukocytes b-are the largest cells in the blood c-promote clotting d-do not have a nucleus

capillaries

materials are exchanged at the _________

d

mature red blood cells a-can live for about a year b-are the largest cells in the blood c-promote clotting d-carbonic acid

bicarbonate

most carbon dioxide is carried as _________________ ions

hemoglobin

most oxygen is carried attatched to the _________

A, B, AB, O

name the four human blood types

c

normal blood pressure in millimeters of mercury is a- 145/95 for males and 135/85 for femals b-130/100 for both c-120/80 for males and 110/70 for females d-100/50 for males and 120/70 for females

b

nutrients, salts, and proteins: plasma solutes:: a-arteries and veins:lymphatic vessels b-erythocrytes and leukocytes:blood cells c-platelets and megakaryotes:leukocytes d-lymphocytes and macrophages: erythocytes

c

oxygenated blood from the lungs is received by the a-left ventricle b-right atrium c-left atrium d-right ventricle

d

pulmonary circulation is the flow of blood to and from the a-stomach b-liver c-intestines d-lungs

a

red blood cells a-transport respiratory gases b-combat bacterial infection c-destroy viruses d-transport cholesterol

erythrocytes

red blood cells are called __________

ventricles

systolic pressure is caused by contraction of the hearts ________

heart

the ________ is a muscular organ that pumps blood through an intricate network of blood vessels

circulatory

the _________ system transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, food molecules, hormones, and other material to and from the cells of the body

lymphatic

the ___________system returns lymph, fluid that has collected in the tissues, to the blood stream.

lungs

the _________are the site of gas exchange between the atmosphere and the blood

d

the actual exchange of gasses occurs at the site of the a-trachea b-nasal passageway c-larynx d-alveoli

c

the breathing center in the brain is most sensitive to the a-concentration of oxygen b-concentration of carbon dixoide in the lungs c-concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood d-amount of oxygen in the cells

hypertension

the condition that results when blood pressure is consistently higher than normal is called high blood pressure or ___________

c

the dome-shaped muscle below the chest cavity is called the a-soleus b-biceps c-diaphragm d-popliteus

systemic

the flow of blood from the heart to all parts of the body except the lungs is called ___________circulation

b

the force exerted against the arterial walls when the heart contracts is called a-hypertension b-systolic pressure c-diastolic presusre d-arterial relaxation

b

the heart chamber that receives blood from the venae cavae is the a-left atrium b-right atrium c-left ventricle d-right ventricle

cardiovascular;lymphatic

the human circulatory system is made up of the _______system and the _____________ system

c

the iron-containing molecule in red blood cells is called a-plasma b-ferric oxide c-hemoglobin d-carbonic acid

platelets

the major function of _______ is to assist in the blood clotting process

b

the pressure exerted on the inner walls of the arteries when the heart relaxes between beats is the ____ pressure a-systolic b-diastolic c-barometric d-residual

oxygen

the primary role of hemoglobin in the blood is to carry __________

d

the smallest and most numerous blood vessels in the body are the a-venules b-veins c-arteries d-capillaries

b

the ventricles are a-the upper chambers of the heart b-the chambers of the heart that pump blood to the lungs and the rest of the body c-the chambers of the heart that receive blood from the lungs and the rest of the body d-lower chambers of the heart that contract separately

c

vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called a-veins b-capillaries c-arteries d-venules

c

when the diaphragm and rib cage muscles relax a-the chest cavity enlarges b-inspiration occurs c-expiration occurs d-it is impossible to breathe

expiration

when the diaphragm and the rib muscles contract, enlarging the chest cavity, ___________ occurs

epiglottis

when you swallow, the __________prevents food from entering the trachea

d

which of the following is NOT involved in the formation of blood clots? a-platelt congregation at the site of rupture of a blood vessel b-release of clotting factors from platelets c-production of fibrin, a protein d-formation of fibrin-red blood cell complexes that circulate in the blood and are too large to move though ruptured blood vessel walls

a

which of the following occurs as air rushes into the lungs from the environment to equalize air pressure? a-inspiration b-contraction c-expiration d-none of the above

b

which type of blood vessel is both strong and elastic? a-capillary b-artery c-vein d-venule


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