Biology- Chapter 37 test

Thick skin can be found on the A) back B) arms C) chest D) palms E) legs

D) palms

______ are terms used when comparing body areas on appendages. A) proximal and distal B) supine and prone C) lateral and medial D) superior and in

A) proximal and distal

Melanin serves to protect cells in the deeper layers of the epidermis from A) Melanocyte activity B) Ultraviolet radiation C) Keratin production D) Discoloration E) Albinism

B) Ultraviolet radiation

Myofibrils are made primarily of A) epimysium B) actin and myosin C) tropomyosin D) ATP and ADP E) troponin

B) actin and myosin

The presence of ______ strongly indicates that the long bone is still growing. A) an epiphyseal line B) an epiphyseal plate C) an epiphysis D) trabeculae E) an articular cartilage

B) an epiphyseal plate

The bony compartment that supports the brain is called the A) cribrum B) cranium C) septum D) lacrimae E) fontanel

B) cranium

The shaft of a long bone is called the A) trabecula B) diaphysis C) epiphysis D) canaliculus E) lamella

B) diaphysis

A layer of collagen fibers that surrounds an entire muscle is called A) sarcolemma B) epimysium C) perimysium D) sarcomere E) endomysium

B) epimysium

Ribs that have no connection to the sternum are called A) true ribs B) floating ribs C) vertebrosternal ribs D) false ribs E) vertebrochondral ribs

B) floating ribs

Biopsy samples from organs are sent to your lab for staining and then viewing in a microscope. Your area of expertise would be A) systemic anatomy B) histology C) regional physiology D) gross anatomy E) regional anatomy

B) histology

The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions with respect to the external A) integration B) homeostasis C) external regulation D) responsiveness E) internal regulation

B) homeostasis

The bones of the upper arms and thighs are classified A) short bones B) long bones C) irregular D) flat bones E) sesamoid bones

B) long bones

A primary function of the skeletal system is A) adsorbing the shock of unexpected rapid body movements B) maintaining the normal concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions in body fluids C) cushioning abdominal organs such as the kidneys D) contracting muscles E) facilitating transmission of nerve impulses

B) maintaining the normal concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions in body fluids

An initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces the stimulus in A) homeostasis B) positive feedback C) regulation D) integration E) negative feedback

B) positive feedback

The deeper layer of cells in the epidermis is the cells of the A) stratum spinosum B) stratum basale C) stratum granulosum D) stratum corneum E) stratum lucidum

B) stratum basale

The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from A) the perimysium arrangement B) cisternae placement C) actin and myosin arrangement D) the transverse tubule pattern E) the sarcoplasmic reticulum

C) actin and myosin arrangement

The bone that makes up the lower jaw is the A) zygomatic B) cribriform plate C) maxillary D) mandible E) temporal

D) mandible

What is the function of Melanin? A) It protects DNA from the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation B) It is required for the normal maintenance of epithelial cells C) It is converted by the kidneys into the hormone calcitriol D) It provides water-resistant properties to the integument E) It continuously divides to replace cells that are lost or shed at the epithelial surface

A) It protects DNA from the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation

The muscle that would be used to blow air into a trumpet or a clarinet is the A) buccinator B) masseter C) temporalis D) orbicularis oris E) zygomaticus minor

A) buccinator

Which directional term indicates the back of the body? A) dorsal B) laternal C) ventral D) medial E) proximal

A) dorsal

Which of the following is the correct order of the layers of the cutaneous membrane A) epidermis, dermis, hypodermis B) dermis, epidermis, hypodermis C) hypodermis, dermis, epidermis D) epidermis, hypodermis, dermis E) dermis, hypodermis, dermis

A) epidermis, dermis, hypodermis

Which muscle(s) would produce a twisting of the upper body? A) external and internal oblique muscles B) quadratus lumborum C) rectus abdominus D) spinalis group E) diaphragm

A) external and internal oblique muscles

During the process of _____, an existing tissue is replaced with bone A) ossification B) resorption C) osteolysis D) blood cell production E) calcification

A) ossification

Thin Skin is defined by the thickness of the A) Subcutaneous layer B) Epidermis C) Integument as a whole D) Hypodermis E) Dermis

B) Epidermis

When the arrector pili muscles contract A) The skin changes color B) Hairs are shed C) "Goose bumps" are formed D) Sweat is released from sweat glands E) Shivering occurs

C) "Goose bumps" are formed

The nail __________ covers the nail bed A) Root B) Lunula C) Body D) Cuticle E) Eponychium

C) Body

Lipid is concentrated with the cells of the A) Stratum granulosum B) Stratum spinosum C) Hypodermis D) Cornified region E) Dermis

C) Hypodermis

A hair shaft is composed of A) Carotene B) Melanin C) Keratin D) Lipid E) Starch

C) Keratin

The protein that contributes to many of the skin's protective qualities is called: A) Carotene B) Calcitriol C) Keratin D) Melanin E) Dermicidin

C) Keratin

Which muscle extends the elbow during the action of push-ups? A) Deltoid B) Trapezius C) Triceps brachii D) Brachialis E) Biceps brachii

C) Triceps brachii

Characteristics of living organisms include the ability to A) control the external environment B) repair and completely restore itself during any type of injury C) create a protective covering over themselves D) respond and adapt to their environment E) form positive feedback loops

D) respond and adapt to their environment

Which of the following is part of the axial skeleton? A) coxal bones B) clavicle C) patella D) ribs E) carpal bones

D) ribs

Which statement regarding skeletal muscle is true? A) skeletal muscles are directly, but not indirectly, attached to bones B) skeletal muscles do not contain connective tissue C) skeletal muscles do not contain nervous tissue D) skeletal muscles contain blood vessels E) skeletal muscles do not maintain body temperature.

D) skeletal muscles contain blood vessels

The sternum is _______ to the heart A) proximal B) medial C) lateral D) ventral D) dorsal

D) ventral

Which muscle is not part of the rotator cuff set of muscles? A) Subscapularis B) Teres major C) Supraspinatus D) Teres minor E) Biceps brachii

E) Biceps brachii

Which of the following accounts for almost two-thirds of the mass of bone tissue? A) Cells B) Protein fibers C) Osteons D) Polysaccharides E) Calcium phosphate

E) Calcium phosphate

Shafts of hair are comprised of A) Dead keratinized dermal cells B) Living keratinized dermal cells C) Keratinized adipose cells D) Living keratinized epidermal cells E) Dead keratinized epidermal cells

E) Dead keratinized epidermal cells

A muscle ____ contains a sarcolemma, sarcoplasm, myofilaments, and myofibrils A) myofibril B) motor end plate C) intercalated disc D) T-tubule E) fiber

E) fiber

Nonstriated, involuntary muscle is A) cardiac B) white skeletal C) red skeletal D) intermediate skeletal E) smooth

E) smooth

The wrist is _____ to the elbow. A) medial B) proximal C) lateral D) deep E)distal

E)distal

Which of the following is a muscle of the rotator cuff? A) teres minor B) teres major C) deltoid D) trapezius E) coracobrachialis

A) teres minor

Humans have specialized organ systems compared to smaller organisms because A) there is multicellularity and increased size in larger organisms B) small organisms do not do the same processes than humans do C) we have to interact with our environment and smaller organisms do not D) smaller organisms do not need as many nutrients E) our cells are larger

A) there is multicellularity and increased size in larger organisms

Which of the following is an effect of aging on the muscular system? A) skeletal muscles become more elastic B) tolerance for exercise increases C) skeletal muscle fibers become smaller in diameter D) muscle fibers contain more myoglobin E) scar tissue formation does not occur

C) skeletal muscle fibers become smaller in diameter

Choose the correct order of all the cell layers, or strata, in a section of thick skin, from the basement membrane toward the free surface (deep to superficial) 1. Stratum lucidum 2.Stratum basale 3. Stratum corneum 4.Stratum granulosum 5. Stratum spinosum A) 2, 4, 5, 3, 1 B) 2, 1, 4, 5, 3 C) 3, 5, 4, 1, 2 D) 2, 5, 4, 1, 3 E) 3, 4, 1, 5, 2

D) 2, 5, 4, 1, 3

The following are major steps in the process of endochondral ossification: 1. Bone forms at the diaphysis surface 2. Secondary ossification 3. Chondrocytes enlarge and calcify 4. Osteoclasts create a marrow cavity 5. Blood vessels invade the inner cartilage and new osteoblasts form spongy bone at a primary ossification center The correct order for these events is A) 1, 5, 3, 4, 2 B) 1, 3, 5, 4, 2 C) 3, 1, 4, 5, 2 D) 3, 1, 5, 4, 2 E) 2, 3, 1, 5, 4

D) 3, 1, 5, 4, 2

The vertebral column contains _____ cervical vertebrae A) 31 B) 4 C) 5 D) 7 E) 12

D) 7

The region of a sarcomere containing myosin, going from one end of the myosin molecules to the other end of the myosin molecules, is the A) I band B) H band C) Z line D) A band E) M line

D) A band

__________ is a pigment found in vegetables that can make skin appear orange or yellow A) Sebum B) Melanin C) Cyanosis D) Carotene E) Cerumen

D) Carotene

The observed differences in skin color reflect the levels of _________ production A) Keratin B) Carotene C) Keratinocyte D) Melanin E) Melanocyte

D) Melanin

Hypertension damages the lining of the arterioles of the kidneys, which results in the release of molecules that further raise blood pressure. This is an example of a(n) A) Uncontrolled mechanism B) Controlling mechanism C) Electrochemical mechanism D) Positive feedback loop E) Negative feedback loop

D) Positive feedback loop

The study of body structure A) positive feedback B) negative feedback C) physiology D) anatomy E) homeostasis

D) anatomy

Which of the following primary functions of the skeletal system applies to the role of red bone marrow? A) storage B) support C) movement D) blood cell production E) protection

D) blood cell production

Red bone marrow functions in the formation of A) adipose tissue B) osteocytes C) osteoblasts D) blood cells E) new bone

D) blood cells

In the terminology of planes and sections, which example includes two terms with identical meanings? A) sagittal/ midsagittal B) caudal/ cranial C) coronal/ horizontal D) frontal/ coronal E) equatorial/ coronal

D) frontal/ coronal

Using anatomical terms of direction, supply the word that would make the sentence correct. The stomach is ______ to the lungs A) ventral B) dorsal C) deep D) inferior E) superior

D) inferior

Looking at the muscle name sternocleidomastoid, you would identify that this muscle is located in the area of the A) arm B) leg C) abdomen D) neck E) back

D) neck

Immature, active bone cells that produce new bone matrix are termed A) chondrocytes B) osteocytes C) osteoclasts D) osteoblasts E) stem cells

D) osteoblasts

A person who is lying on his or her stomach is said to be in the A) transverse position B) supine position C) sagittal position D) prone position E) frontal position

D) prone position

Muscles comprising the quadriceps group include the A) semitendinous, biceps femoris, rectus femoris, and vastus medialis B) iliopsoas, gracilis, adductor magnus, biceps femoris, and gracilis C) peroneus, gastrocnemius, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris D) rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, soleus, and adductor longus E) rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis

E) rectus femoris, vastus intermedius, vastus lateralis, and vastus medialis

A person lying face up in the anatomical position is said to be in the ______ position. A) prone B) sagittal C) lateral D) coronal E) supine

E) supine