Biology: Chapters 5-6

A/An ____________ is the specific name for a protein's monomer. a) Amino Acid b) Fatty Acid c) Glycerol d) Monosaccharide e) Nucleotide

A

Phospholipids are ___________ because they have fatty acid tails that are hydrophobic and phosphate heads that are hydrophilic. a) Amphipathic b) ions c) trans fats d) Steroids

A

What is the term used for a protein molecule that assists in the proper folding of other proteins? a) Chaperonin b) Denaturing protein c) Renaturing protein d) Tertiary protein

A

What determines the tertiary structure of a protein? a) The interactions between the amino and carboxyl groups of the backbone b) The interactions between two different polypeptides c) The interactions between the R groups d) The number and sequence of amino acids and their peptide bonds

C

What is the name of the covalent bond that links glycerol and fatty acids together? a) Peptide b) Glycosidic c) Ester d) 3'-5' Phosphodiester

C

Which of the following self-assembles into a bilayer in water? a) Carbohydrate b) Cholesterol c) Phospholipid d)Steroid

C

______________ is the process of converting unsaturated fats to saturated fats by adding hydrogen. It creates unsaturated fats with trans double bonds that may contribute to cardiovascular disease. a) Dehydration b) Denaturation c) Hydrogenation d) Hydrolysis e) Transesterification

C

How many molecules are needed to break down a polymer that is 13 monomers long? a) 26 b) 25 c) 13 d) 12

D

Which of the following statements is true? a) Glycogen is found in animals. b) Starch is used for energy storage for both plants and animals. c) Cellulose is found in plants and all fungi. d) Chitin is found in plants.

a) Glycogen is found in animals.

All the noncovalent bonds (example, hydrogen bonds) in a protein are disrupted by heat. What level of structure will be preserved? a) Primary b) Secondary c) Tertiary d) Quaternary

a) Primary

Starch is ____________. a) a polymer of glucose b) a type of cholesterol c) used for energy storage in animals d) is a structural component of the plant cell wall

a) a polymer of glucose

All lipids are hydrophobic because ______________. a) they are rich in hydroxyl groups b) they are rich in hydrocarbons c) they are rich in nitrogen d) they are rich in phosphate groups

b

The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What would be the molecular formula for a molecule made by linking three glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions? a) C18H36O18 b) C18H32O16 c) C6H10O5 d) C18H30O15

b) C18H32O16

Which of the following forms a ring structure in aqueous solutions because it contains polar hydroxyls? a) DNA b) Glucose c) RNA d) Phospholipid

b) Glucose

What is the most likely pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell? a) ER-Golgi-Nucleus b) Golgi-ER-Lysosome c) ER-Vesicles-Golgi-Vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane d) ER-Lysosomes-Vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

c) ER-Vesicles-Golgi-Vesicles that fuse with plasma membrane

Which of the following is not a polymer? a) Cellulose b) Chitin c) Glucose d) Starch

c) Glucose

Which of the following is not a macromolecule? a) Carbohydrate b) Lipid c) Monomer d) Nucleic Acid e) Protein

c) Monomer

Vinblastine, a drug that inhibits microtubule formation, is used to treat some forms of cancer. Cancer cells given vinblastine would be unable to ______________. a) Form cleavage furrows during cell division b) Migrate using pseudopodia c) Move chromosomes during cell division d) Undergo muscle contraction

c) Move chromosomes during cell division

You have a cube of modeling clay in your hands. Which of the following changes to the shape of this cube of clay will decrease its surface area relative to its volume? a) Pinch the edges of the cube into small folds. b) Flatten the cube into a pancake shape. c) Round the clay into a large ball. d) Stretch the cube into a long, thin shape and flatten it.

c) Round the clay into a large ball.

A dimer can be broken down into two amino acids through a chemical reaction called _____________. a) Hydrogen Bonding b) Dehydration c) Glycosidic Linkage d) Hydrolysis

d) Hydrolysis

Cyanide binds with at least one molecule involved in producing ATP. If a cell is exposed to cyanide, most of the cyanide will be found within the _______________. a) Endoplasmic Reticulum b) Golgi c) Lysosomes d) Mitochondria

d) Mitochondria

What type of macromolecule can form quaternary structures? a) Carbohydrates b) Lipids c) Nucleotides d) Proteins

d) Proteins

The liver is involved in detoxification of many drugs and lipid metabolism. Which of the following structures do you expect to find particularly well developed in the cells found in the liver? a) Nucleus b) Plasma Membrane c) Rough ER d) Smooth ER

d) Smooth ER

Which of the following is unable to polymerize and form extremely large biological molecules? a) Amino Acids b) Monosaccharides c) Nucleotides d) Steroids

d) Steroids

Why are unsaturated fats liquid at room temperature? a) There is a phosphate group attached to glycerol in place of one of the fatty acids. b) They have 18 carbon atoms in their hydrocarbon tail. c) They have fatty acid tails of differing lengths. d) They harbor carbon-carbon double bonds.

d) They harbor carbon-carbon double bonds.

If 14C-labeled uracil is added to the growth medium of cells, what macromolecules will be labeled? a) Carbohydrates b) DNA c) Lipids d) Proteins e) RNA

e) RNA