Biology: Classification of Organisms

What is the cell surfaces of Kingdom Plantae?

cell wall: made of cellulose

What is the cell surfaces of Kingdom Fungi?

cell wall: made of chitin

What is the cell surfaces of Kingdom Animalia?

cell wall: none.

Material found in the cell walls of fungi

chitin

Branching diagram showing evolutionary change

cladogram

group of closely related orders

class

The grouping of objects or information based on similarities?

classification

"Sea Monkey" is an example of a what instead of the scientific name?

common name

focuses on a set of unique characteristics found in a particular group of organisms are?

derived traits

A cladogram is used to

determine the sequence in which different groups of organisms evolved

What is Monera attached to?

eubacteria and archaebacteria

What is the 6 kingdom system?

eubacteria, archaebacteria, protista, fungi, hantae, and animalia

What are the three domains of Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, and Protista, Fungi, Hantae, and Animalia?

eukarya, bacteria, and archea

What is the cell type of Kingdom Plantae?

eukaryotic

group of genera that share many characteristics

family

Definition: Cladistics

focuses on a set of unique characteristics found in a particular group of organisms

Consists of a group of closely related species

genus

What is the nutrition of Domain Bacteria?

heterotrophic and autorophic by chemosynthesis or photosynthesis

What is the nutrition of Domain Archaea?

heterotrophic and autotrophic by chemosynthesis

What is the nutrition of Kingdom Animalia?

heterotrophic by phagocytosis

What is the nutrition of Kingdom Fungi?

heterotrophic by secreting digestive enzymes into envoirment

Term given to two structures that are similar in function but unrelated in structure.

homologons characters

derived traits do?

identifies morphological, physiological, or behavioral traits that differ among organisms

Species is what?

identifies one particular kind of organisms within the genus

Jona observes cells under a microscope and determines that they must be either fungal cells or animal cells. How could he BEST determine their kingdom classification?

the presence of a cell wall

what organism is this?

tree

every organism's scientific name consists of ___ words?

two

What body plan is Domain Bacteria?

unicellular

What is the body plan of Domain Archaea?

unicellular

What is the body plan of Kingdom Fungi?

unicellular and multicellular

What is the genus of the grizzly bear, Ursus arctos?

ursus

What is the scientific name for Family?

Apidae

What is the scientific name for Genus?

Apis

Prokaryotes that inhabit harsh enviorments belong to what kingdom?

Archaebacteria

Single-celled organisms are found living in a volcanic hot spring where scientists didn't expect to find any form of life at all. These organisms are MOST likely from which kingdom?

Archaebacteria

a unicellular organism that lives in complete darkness deep on the ocean floor near a volcanic vent?

Archaebacteria

Philosopher who was the first person to attempt to classify living organisms

Aristole

Developed the first method of classification

Aristotle

What is the scientific name for Phylum?

Arthropoda

One of two domains of unicellular prokaryotes

Bacteria

List the three domains

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

Acerodon celebensis and Acerodon humilis are different fruit bats. What is the smallest classification these bats have in common?

Order

What is the non-scientific name for Hymenoptera?

Order

group of similar families

Order

Organisms having tissues organized into organs and organ systems are?

both plants and animals

Cladogram is a?

branching diagram

The Domain Bacteria cell wall contains what?

peptidoglycans

What is the non-scientific name for Apidae?

Family

What's the lowest taxonomic level at which the white pine tree and the douglas fir tree share common characteristics?

Family

Designed a system of classifying organisms based on similarities in body structural and physical form

Linnaeus

Domain to where the very ancient and often extreme bacteria belong

Monera

In the 5 Kingdom System: all bacteria were grouped into this one kingdom

Monera

The kingdom that contains only prokaryotes is?

Monera

A eukaryotic organisms that lacks complex, organ systems and lives in water or moist environments is?

A protist

Animals in the same phylum arthropoda must also be in the same? a. kingdom, b. family, c. genus, or d. species

A: Kingdom

what organism is this?

Amoeba

Kingdom that includes multicellular, heterotrophic organisms with cells that have no cell walls

Animalia

What has no cell walls or chloroplasts?

Animalia

What is the scientific name for Kingdom?

Animalia

a multicellular organisms that whose cells don't have a cell wall?

Animalia

Organisms that have muscle systems and acute sense organs are?

Animals

The swedish biologist who started Taxonomy was?

Carolus Linnaeus

The naturalist who traveled to the Galapagos Islands to study the evolutionary history of how organisms that're similar descended from a common ancestor?

Charles Darwin

The taxon group directly under Phylum is?

Class

What is the non-scientific name for Insect?

Class

Taxonomic categories refers only to plants

Division

A more inclusive category than any other, including the kingdom, is the?

Domain

Most inclusive (modern) taxonomic category

Domain

The largest taxonomic category in Linnaeus' Modern system of classification is the?

Domain

What is the nickname for Kingdom Animalia?

Domain Eukarya

What is the nickname of Kingdom Fungi?

Domain Eukarya

What is the nickname of Kingdom Plantae?

Domain Eukarya

A unicellular organism that doesn't have a nucleus would belong in which kingdom?

Eubacteria

What kingdom is bacteria in?

Eubacteria

a prokaryotic, unicellular organisms that contains chloroplasts?

Eubacteria

List the two groups into which the Monera have been separated.

Eubacteria and Archaebacteria

Domain of all organisms whose cells have a nuclei

Eukarya

What is the cell type of Kingdom Animalia?

Eukaryote

What is the cell type of Kingdom Fungi?

Eukaryote

What is the cell type of Domain Eukarya?

Eukaryotic

The taxon group directly below Order is?

Family

Mushrooms, yeast, and molds have been placed in their own kingdom, which is called?

Fungi

Steven observes cells from a multicellular organism. The cells have a cell wall but don't contain chloroplasts. The organisms MOST likely belong to which kingdom?

Fungi

The kingdom containing organisms that're stationary consumers is the?

Fungi

This kingdom contains multicellular, heterotrophic organisms with cell walls?

Fungi

What has cell walls made of chitin?

Fungi

What kingdom is the mushroom in?

Fungi

a multicellular organisms that has a cell wall but doesn't make it's own food?

Fungi

A group of similar species forms a?

Genus

Acer saccharum is the scientific name for a sugar maple tree. Acer repersents the (blank) name?

Genus

In binomial nomentclature, the blank is written first and is caplitalized?

Genus

The first word of a scientific name is always captialized and named what?

Genus

The scientific name for the bacteria that causes botulism poisioning is Clostridium botulinum. The name Clostridium represents the?

Genus

What is the non-scientific name for Apis?

Genus

a group of closely related species

Genus

The main criterion used in Linnaeus's system of classification is an organism's

Habitat

What name is given to two structures that are similar in structure, but have different fuctions?

Homologus

What is the scientific name for Order?

Hymenoptera

What is the scientific name for Class?

Insect

A group of similar phyla forms a?

Kingdom

A house cat and a dog are in the same phylum. They must also be in the same?

Kingdom

Plants don't have the taxonomic level of phylum, instead that the taxon is called what

Kingdom

The taxonomic classification that contains the most organisms and is the most inclusive is?

Kingdom

What is the non-scientific name for Animalia?

Kingdom

What aligns with Domain Archaea?

Kingdom Archaebacteria

What does Domain Bacteria align with?

Kingdom Eubacteria

What is another name for Domain Eukarya?

Kingdom Protista

What language are scientific names written in?

Latin

What is the non-scientific name for Arthropoda?

Phylum

group of closely related classes

Phylum

This kingdom includes true bacteria with cell walls made with peptidoglycans

Plantae

What includes mosses and ferns?

Plantae

Which kingdom contains organisms that ALWAYS make their own food?

Plantae

a multicellular organisms the makes its own food using photosynthesis?

Plantae

Term meaning that an organisms doesn't contain a nucleus or any membrane-bound organelles?

Prokaryotes

The following contain cells where the genetic material is not bound in membranes?

Prokaryotes

What kind of cell type is Domain Bacteria?

Prokaryotic

This kingdom contains multicellular, photosynthetic organisms

Protista

What include slime molds and giant kelp?

Protista

What kingdom is the amoeba in?

Protista

a eukaryotic, unicellular organisms that contains chloroplasts?

Protista

The Siberian Tiger has the scientific name Panthera tigris. Which of the following animals belong to the same genus?

Pseudolithoxus tigris

A group of potentially interbreeding organisms that can produce fertile offspring

Species

The second word in a scientific name is which level of classification

Species

The smallest biological division that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring is?

Species

The smallest taxonomic category in Linnaeus' Modern system of classification is the?

Species

The taxonomic classification that contains the fewest members and is the least inclusive is called?

Species

What is the non-scientific name for Apis Mellifera?

Species

The branch of biology that classifies organisms is called?

Taxonomy

What is the science of naming and classifying organisms is called what?

Taxonomy

Definition of phylogeny

The evolutionary history of a species

Which of the following characteristics do plants and fungi have in common? (1) They both have cell walls made of chitin (2) They both contain chloroplasts to make their own food (3) They both are made of cells containing nuclei (4) They can both be unicellular

They both are made of cells containing nuclei

One main difference between plants and fungi is the presence of?

a nucleus

An organisms that doesn't belong to the plant kingdom is?

a slime mold

Genus is what?

a taxonomic category containing similiar species

What kingdom is the rabbit in?

animalia

What is the scientific name for Species?

apis mellifera

Biologists usually classify things according to their

appearance

The other domain of unicellular prokaryotes

archea

What is the nutrition of Kingdom Plantae?

autotrophic by photosynthesis

What is the nutrition of Domain Eukarya?

autotrophic by photosynthesis, some heterotrophic by phagocytosis

The monerans are commonly known as?

bacteria

what organism is this?

bacteria

A system of naming in which the organism is assigned a two-part name

binomial nomenclature

The system that gives each organisms two names?

binomial nomenclature

The two-word naming system developed by Linnaeus is called

binonial nomenclature

What is the two word latin name for species?

binonial nomenclature

What is the defintion of biological species?

is a group of actually or potentially interbreeding natural populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups

The scientific name is always written in?

italics

What is the cell wall of Domain Archaea?

lacks peptidoglycan

What is the cell wall made of Domain Eukarya?

made of cellulose

What is the 5 kingdom system?

monera -> Protista -> plantae -> Fungi -> animalia

Organisms that can produce food in a variety of different ways are?

monerans

The organisms that appeared first in the fossil record are?

monerans

What is the body plan of Domain Eukarya?

mostly unicellular: multicellular forms: lacks tissue organization

What is the body plan of Kingdom Animalia?

multicellular

What is the body plan of Kingdom Plantae?

multicellular

What organism is this?

mushroom

Which of the following charcteristics BEST distingushes animals from other kingdoms: (1) never have cell walls & never have the ability to make their own food (2) have cells with a nucleus but never have chloroplasts (3) are multicellular in structure and have cells with nuclei (4) have cell walls made of cellulose and always have chloroplasts

never have cell walls & never have the ability to make their own food

Domain Bacteria is the?

oldest known fossils of cells

For black bears and polar bears to be in the same family, they must also be in the same

order

What is convergent evolution?

organisms evolve similar traits independently

According to Charles Darwin:

organisms that are similar descended from a common ancestor

The evolutionary history of a organisms is its

phylogeny

The evolutionary history of a species is called?

phylogeny

What kingdom is the tree in?

plantae

Organisms that have cell walls and tissues organized into organs and organ systems are?

plants

Which characteristic most clearly differences bacteria in the Eubacteria kingdom from unicellular protists?

presence of a nucelus

What is the cell type of Domain Archaea?

prokaryote

Fungi are not?

prokaryotic

Hannah observes a singled-celled organisms under a microscope and notes that the cell doesn't have a cell wall. The organism is MOST likely a?

protist

what organism is this?

rabbit

defintion of taxonomy?

reveals evolutionary history

the defintion of cladogram is?

shows evolutionary relationship among group of organisms

What is the definition of Analogous Characters (Traits)?

similar features that evolove through convergent evolution

What is the definition of Homologous Characters (Traits)?

similar features that evolve from common ancestor

Escobaria vivipara is the scientific name for the pincushion catcus. The name vivipara gives the name of the?

species

In binomial nomentclature, the blank is written second and is not caplitalized?

species

The second word of a scientific name is never captialized, always lowercase, itlalicized, underlined, and called what?

species

A group or level of organization in taxonomy is called a taxonomic category or

taxon

Group into which organisms are classified

taxon

The organisms Quercus abla and Quercus rubra have the smallest organization of blank, in common?

taxon

The branch of biology concerned with the grouping and naming of organisms?

taxonomy