Biology final

Which description illustrates an amphipathic molecule?

A phospholipid with both a hydrophobic end and a hydrophilic end

if tyrosine and isoleucine undergo condensation, where does the new bond form?

Between carbon of the carboxyl group and the nitrogen of the amino group

What is the OH− concentration of a solution having a pH of 2?

1 × 10−12

In living organisms, chemical reactions responsible for growth, repair, and nutrition are collectively referred to as:

Metabolism

What are units of hereditary information?

RNA

Why are hydrocarbons considered hydrophobic?

The covalent bonds between hydrogen and carbon are nonpolar.

Which is a property of unsaturated fats?

Generally are liquids at room temperature

Information in living organisms is transmitted by which mechanism(s)?

Genes, Hormones, neurotransmitters

The cohesiveness between water molecules is due largely to:

Hydrogen Bonds

Which of the following is responsible for the alpha-helical structure of proteins?

Hydrogen Bonds

Which of the following would most likely form electrolytes in water?

an inorganic compound

What represents the most basic level of chemical organization?

atom

protons plus neutrons equal

atomic mass

What carbohydrate energy storage molecule is found in animal liver and muscle cells?

glycogen

The primary purpose of homeostasis is to:

maintain a constant internal environment Such as Temperature and Glucose levels

What type of bond is formed if one atom is more electronegative than the other atom?

polar

amyloplasts are organelles that store:

proteins

a base is define as a

proton acceptor

an acid is defined as a

proton donator

Why can table salt (NaCl) dissolve easily in water?

The partial positive charge of the hydrogen in the water molecule can associate with the negative charge of the chloride ion, and the partial negative charge of the oxygen of the water molecule can associate with the positive charge of the sodium atom.

Which description illustrates the tertiary structure of a protein molecule?

three-dimensional shape of an individual polypeptide chain

What is the ultimate source of genetic variation within a population?

DNA Mutaion

When we know what kinds of ____ are present in an organic compound, we can predict its chemical behavior.

Functional Groups

What differentiates an organic compound from an inorganic compound?

Organic compound contains carbon

Unlike lipids, hydrophilic functional groups typically contain ____ atoms, which make them more soluble in water.

Oxygen

Which carbohydrate is the most structurally complex?

Polysaccharide

What is the purpose of a buffer?

To minimize the change in pH

What large molecules are essential in determining the structure and function of cells and tissues?

proteins

The representation H−O−H is known as a(n)

structural formula

Which functional group forms bridges to help stabilize a protein's quaternary structure?

sulfhydryl

Disaccharides are

two monosaccarides (two sugars) bonded together

What substance is removed during a condensation reaction?

water