Biology final
Which description illustrates an amphipathic molecule?
A phospholipid with both a hydrophobic end and a hydrophilic end
if tyrosine and isoleucine undergo condensation, where does the new bond form?
Between carbon of the carboxyl group and the nitrogen of the amino group
What is the OH− concentration of a solution having a pH of 2?
1 × 10−12
In living organisms, chemical reactions responsible for growth, repair, and nutrition are collectively referred to as:
Metabolism
What are units of hereditary information?
RNA
Why are hydrocarbons considered hydrophobic?
The covalent bonds between hydrogen and carbon are nonpolar.
Which is a property of unsaturated fats?
Generally are liquids at room temperature
Information in living organisms is transmitted by which mechanism(s)?
Genes, Hormones, neurotransmitters
The cohesiveness between water molecules is due largely to:
Hydrogen Bonds
Which of the following is responsible for the alpha-helical structure of proteins?
Hydrogen Bonds
Which of the following would most likely form electrolytes in water?
an inorganic compound
What represents the most basic level of chemical organization?
atom
protons plus neutrons equal
atomic mass
What carbohydrate energy storage molecule is found in animal liver and muscle cells?
glycogen
The primary purpose of homeostasis is to:
maintain a constant internal environment Such as Temperature and Glucose levels
What type of bond is formed if one atom is more electronegative than the other atom?
polar
amyloplasts are organelles that store:
proteins
a base is define as a
proton acceptor
an acid is defined as a
proton donator
Why can table salt (NaCl) dissolve easily in water?
The partial positive charge of the hydrogen in the water molecule can associate with the negative charge of the chloride ion, and the partial negative charge of the oxygen of the water molecule can associate with the positive charge of the sodium atom.
Which description illustrates the tertiary structure of a protein molecule?
three-dimensional shape of an individual polypeptide chain
What is the ultimate source of genetic variation within a population?
DNA Mutaion
When we know what kinds of ____ are present in an organic compound, we can predict its chemical behavior.
Functional Groups
What differentiates an organic compound from an inorganic compound?
Organic compound contains carbon
Unlike lipids, hydrophilic functional groups typically contain ____ atoms, which make them more soluble in water.
Oxygen
Which carbohydrate is the most structurally complex?
Polysaccharide
What is the purpose of a buffer?
To minimize the change in pH
What large molecules are essential in determining the structure and function of cells and tissues?
proteins
The representation H−O−H is known as a(n)
structural formula
Which functional group forms bridges to help stabilize a protein's quaternary structure?
sulfhydryl
Disaccharides are
two monosaccarides (two sugars) bonded together
What substance is removed during a condensation reaction?
water