Biology Final Exam Practice Questions

What components of the immune system will destroy viruses infecting the cells?

Cytotoxic T Cells

A hypothesis is...

A casual explanation based upon prior knowledge

What structure is unique to plant cells?

A cell wall

Oxygen is a non-polar molecule. To move oxygen against its concentration gradient, which of the following is required?

A membrane bound protein and ATP

If you destroyed the proton gradient in light reactions, what would be the first to stop?

ATP production

What interferes with the production of antibodies in B lymphocytes?

Actinomycin D; which blocks the coming of DNA into mRNA in the nucleus

If a protein moves from low concentrations to high concentration within a cell, what type of transport is this?

Active Transport

What nitrogenous base is common to both RNA and DNA?

Adenine and Thymine

Foreign virus material in vaccines must attach to the _______________ to stimulate acquired of adaptive immunity.

Antigen receptors on the surface of B and T cells

What do proteins provide to a cell?

Enzymatic reactions, structural support, transport channels

How is density calculated?

Population/Area

Why would a plant produce toxins?

The plant needed to produce a chemical that deterred predators and the plants tat contained poison were able to reproduce due to the fitness

If a whale moves from water that is within its thermal neutral zone to waste that is colder what will you predict will happen?

The whales metabolic rate will increase and the whales body temperature will remain constant

Why are viruses considered to be no living?

They do not use energy or carry out metabolism

If a seed coat has a high protein content then you would expect to find high numbers of

amino acids and ribosomes

IF cells had a lower concentration of oxygen in the cells, oxygen would enter the mitochondria by______

diffusion

Your body requires oxygen because...

it is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain

The strength of the scientific method is...

it uses evidence come data to establish support for some hypothesis

When energy is used in membrane transport, what is required?

membrane bound protein and ATP

If an animals cell's are hypnotic to the environment then water will move...

out of the animals cell

If a neurotoxin mimics acetylcholine then it...

prevents binding of acetylcholine to ligand gated sodium channels which are acetylcholine receptors

After mitosis the amount of chromosomes....

stays the same

If a seed is dropped on a new island by a flock of birds it will have less genetic variation because....

the founder effect

A person who gets the flu shot will have a faster immune response if they encounter the virus a second time because ...

the presence of memory B and T cells in the body

If the voltage gated sodium channels are blocked then....

there will be fewer action potentials

Member of a flocks of birds would be considered to be one species if...

they can not breed with other species but they breed with each other

Where is ATP synthase located in the chloroplast?

thylakoid membrane

You would predict that a B Lymphocyte that is producing antibodies would contain large amounts...

vesicles and rough endoplasmic reticulum

If the population growth of deer was regulated by a density dependent factor, what would be needed to calculate the growth increment for one year?

The current number of deer in a population The Number of births and deaths The carrying capacity

What are the outputs for light reactions?

NADPH ATP Oxygen

What is produced in glycolysis?

NADPH and ATP

Why do plants appear green?

Because plants reflect green light

Starch is composed of monosaccharides. Starch is a...

Carbohydrate

What are the chemical reactants for carbon reactions?

Carbon NADPH ATP

If you placed a plant in a a closed container and put it under a bright light, what would you predict to happen to the amount of oxygen in the container over time? What about the amount of carbon dioxide?

Carbon Dioxide would decrease because it is being consumed and the Oxygen would increase because it is a product

What happens to chromosomes during the second division of meiosis?

Chromosomes slipt at the controller causing sister chromatids to seperate

What is only produces in the Krebs Cycle?

FADH2

What are the chemical products for carbon reactions?

Glucose ADP NADPH

Where is NADPH used as a reactant?

Glucose production in the carbon reaction

In the absence of oxygen, what would continue to operate in cellular respiration?

Glycolysis

With the lack of oxygen, cells would rely on _______ and ________ for ATP production.

Glycolysis and Fermentation

In what steps of cellular respiration is NADPH produced?

Glycolysis and Krebs cycle

In what steps of cellular respiration is NADH produced?

Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle

An electron transport chain establishes a ________ proton concentration in the inter membrane space of mitochondria and a __________ proton concentration in the matrix.

High and Low

What happens when a needle enters your arm?

Histamine is released to the surrounding area and there is an increase of blood flow to the injection site

A blue whale would be a...

Homeothermic ectotherm

If there was less oxygen in the mitochondria, then the concentration of ______________ in the inter membrane space would decrease.

Hydrogen ions

what biological molecule is used for energy storage?

Lipids and proteins

Which process does not occur in growing a child's leg?

Meiosis

Assuming all other parts of cellular respiration were working properly, a build up of ______ would occur if the Krebs cycle stopped.

Pyruvate

What organelle is involved in the production of antibodies?

Ribosomes

What organelles of a cell would be involved in the synthesis of antibodies?

Ribosomes

What organelle produces lipid in an animals mammary cell?

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Where is ATP synthase located in the chloroplast?

The Thylakoid membrane

Milk is made of proteins and lipids. What organelles should be in high abundance in cells that make milk?

Vesicles and Ribosomes

A B lymphocyte that is producing antibodies would contain large amount of...

Vesicles and Rough endoplasmic Reticulum

The rate of water consumption in a cyanobacterium would be fastest in...

Warm water at noon

What are the inputs for light reactions?

Water Light ADP NADP+

What would occur after in a plant on a warm sunny day compared to a cool sunny day?

Water consumption, NADPH production, and ATP production