Biology

What type of reaction is cellular respiration? (endo or exo)

Exothermic

When fireflies give off light a reaction takes place. Is this an example of endothermic or exothermic reaction?

Exothermic (1)

What Trophic level are autotrophs in?

1

Plants capture that energy and store it in sugar in a process called .

Photosynthesis

Give an example of an autotroph.

Plants

List an example of a type of organism that can do photosynthesis.

Plants

What is produced in glycolysis?

2 pyruvate, ATP and NADH

How many ATP are produced in aerobic respiration?

36-38 ATP (1)

Energy is released from an ATP molecule for the cell to use when what happens?

3rd phosphate is removed

Write the balanced equation for Photosynthesis.

6H2O + 6CO2 🡪 C6H12O6 + 6O2

Write the chemical equation for photosynthesis.

6H2O + 6CO2 🡪 C6H12O6 + 6O2 (2)

How much energy is "lost" each trophic level?

90% (1)

What is the only thing recycled in the ATP/ADP Cycle?

ADP

Our body can only directly use for energy

ATP

What is the only molecule that DIRECTLY powers your body with energy?

ATP

What must your energy from food be converted to in order to be used by your cells?

ATP

What form of energy powers the Light Independent reaction of Photosynthesis?

ATP and NADPH

What must happen at the end of the light-dependent reaction in order for the light-independent reaction to be able to occur?

ATP and NADPH must be made to power the next step

Substrate binds to enzymes at the

Active site

List one thing that happens during the Light-Dependent reaction.

Answers may vary. Sunlight is absorbed, water is split, ATP and NADPH are made

Name two things that can affect the rate of a reaction.

Answers may vary. catalyst, catalyst concentration, substrate concentration, temperature, pH, competitive inhibitor, coenzyme, etc. (2)

What is the purpose of cellular respiration?

Break down sugars to create useable energy for the cell as ATP

Write the chemical equation for cellular respiration.

C6H12O6 + 6O2 🡪 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy(ATP) (2)

What are the reactants in this reaction? C6H12O6 + 6O2 🡪 6H20 + 6CO2

C6H12O6 and O2

What is produced in the Krebs (Citric Acid) Cycle?

CO2, ATP, NADH, and FADH2

Another name for the light-independent reaction is the Cycle.

Calvin

What is the purpose of photosynthesis?

Capture energy from the sun and store it in sugars

Because of this, our body breaks down our food in a process called .

Cellular Respiration

Instead, we do a process called _______to get energy.

Cellular Respiration

What reaction is this? C6H12O6 + 6O2 🡪 6H20 + 6CO2

Cellular Respiration

What do plants have that animals do not that allows them to absorb sunlight?

Chlorophyll

What organelle does photosynthesis occur in?

Chloroplasts

Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?

Cytoplasm

In which step is the MOST ATP made?

Electron Transport Chain

Is photosynthesis an endothermic or an exothermic reaction?

Endothermic

What type of reaction is photosynthesis? (endo or exo)

Endothermic

What is the monomer of lipids?

Fatty acids

We humans get energy by eating

Food/Carbohydrates

Where does the energy come from to attach a 3rd phosphate to ADP to make ATP?

From the food we eat

What product is made from the Light-Independent reaction?

Glucose is made

What step is in both aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration?

Glycolysis

Where does the Electron Transport Chain occur in the chloroplast?

Grana (thylakoid membrane)

Where does the Light-Dependent reaction occur?

Grana (thylakoid membrane)

What are the products in this reaction? C6H12O6 + 6O2 🡪 6H20 + 6CO2

H2O and CO2

What is produced in the Electron Transport Chain?

H2O and LOTS of ATP

What happens to an enzyme during denaturation and can it be reversed?

It loses its biological activity due to change in active site and it can be reversed (but it rare) (1)

What are the two types of anaerobic respiration?

Lactic Acid and Alcohol Fermentation

in which step is water used in photosynthesis?

Light-Dependent Reaction

What are the two stages of photosynthesis called?

Light-Dependent Reaction and Light-Independent Reaction (or Electron Transport Chain and Calvin Cycle)

As the rate of a reaction increases, the activation energy

Lowers

Products are___ in a reaction.

Made/produced (1

If you are at the top of the energy pyramid- who eats you?

No one, but technically decomposers will return the nutrients in you back to the soil (1)

What is a Detrivore?

Other-nourish, an organisms that gets its food by eating other organisms

What product is made in the light-dependent reaction?

Oxygen

What is the source of energy of chemosynthesis ?

Producers

What type of macro molecule are enzymes?

Proteins

What is the 3rd Trophic Level called in a food pyramid?

Secondary consumers

What is an autotroph?

Self-nourish, an organism that makes its own food

What does an enzyme do to a reaction?

Speeds it up by lowering the activation energy (1)

Where does the Light-Independent reaction occur?

Stroma

What are the two byproducts of photosynthesis? And what is the main product?

Sugar (glucose) and Oxygen; Sugar

What form of energy powers Light-Dependent reaction of photosynthesis?

Sunlight

All energy originally comes from the

The Sun

Where does all energy ORIGINALLY come from? (think photosynthesis)

The Sun

How many ATP are made in glycolysis?

Total 4, net 2

Where does the "lost" energy go?

Used or lost as heat (1

Reactants are___ in a reaction.

Used/broken (1)

Why can't we do photosynthesis?

We can't absorb sunlight and use it

What does aerobic mean?

With oxygen

What does anaerobic mean?

Without oxygen

What organelle makes ATP?

mitochondria