Biology
What type of reaction is cellular respiration? (endo or exo)
Exothermic
When fireflies give off light a reaction takes place. Is this an example of endothermic or exothermic reaction?
Exothermic (1)
What Trophic level are autotrophs in?
1
Plants capture that energy and store it in sugar in a process called .
Photosynthesis
Give an example of an autotroph.
Plants
List an example of a type of organism that can do photosynthesis.
Plants
What is produced in glycolysis?
2 pyruvate, ATP and NADH
How many ATP are produced in aerobic respiration?
36-38 ATP (1)
Energy is released from an ATP molecule for the cell to use when what happens?
3rd phosphate is removed
Write the balanced equation for Photosynthesis.
6H2O + 6CO2 🡪 C6H12O6 + 6O2
Write the chemical equation for photosynthesis.
6H2O + 6CO2 🡪 C6H12O6 + 6O2 (2)
How much energy is "lost" each trophic level?
90% (1)
What is the only thing recycled in the ATP/ADP Cycle?
ADP
Our body can only directly use for energy
ATP
What is the only molecule that DIRECTLY powers your body with energy?
ATP
What must your energy from food be converted to in order to be used by your cells?
ATP
What form of energy powers the Light Independent reaction of Photosynthesis?
ATP and NADPH
What must happen at the end of the light-dependent reaction in order for the light-independent reaction to be able to occur?
ATP and NADPH must be made to power the next step
Substrate binds to enzymes at the
Active site
List one thing that happens during the Light-Dependent reaction.
Answers may vary. Sunlight is absorbed, water is split, ATP and NADPH are made
Name two things that can affect the rate of a reaction.
Answers may vary. catalyst, catalyst concentration, substrate concentration, temperature, pH, competitive inhibitor, coenzyme, etc. (2)
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
Break down sugars to create useable energy for the cell as ATP
Write the chemical equation for cellular respiration.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 🡪 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy(ATP) (2)
What are the reactants in this reaction? C6H12O6 + 6O2 🡪 6H20 + 6CO2
C6H12O6 and O2
What is produced in the Krebs (Citric Acid) Cycle?
CO2, ATP, NADH, and FADH2
Another name for the light-independent reaction is the Cycle.
Calvin
What is the purpose of photosynthesis?
Capture energy from the sun and store it in sugars
Because of this, our body breaks down our food in a process called .
Cellular Respiration
Instead, we do a process called _______to get energy.
Cellular Respiration
What reaction is this? C6H12O6 + 6O2 🡪 6H20 + 6CO2
Cellular Respiration
What do plants have that animals do not that allows them to absorb sunlight?
Chlorophyll
What organelle does photosynthesis occur in?
Chloroplasts
Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?
Cytoplasm
In which step is the MOST ATP made?
Electron Transport Chain
Is photosynthesis an endothermic or an exothermic reaction?
Endothermic
What type of reaction is photosynthesis? (endo or exo)
Endothermic
What is the monomer of lipids?
Fatty acids
We humans get energy by eating
Food/Carbohydrates
Where does the energy come from to attach a 3rd phosphate to ADP to make ATP?
From the food we eat
What product is made from the Light-Independent reaction?
Glucose is made
What step is in both aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration?
Glycolysis
Where does the Electron Transport Chain occur in the chloroplast?
Grana (thylakoid membrane)
Where does the Light-Dependent reaction occur?
Grana (thylakoid membrane)
What are the products in this reaction? C6H12O6 + 6O2 🡪 6H20 + 6CO2
H2O and CO2
What is produced in the Electron Transport Chain?
H2O and LOTS of ATP
What happens to an enzyme during denaturation and can it be reversed?
It loses its biological activity due to change in active site and it can be reversed (but it rare) (1)
What are the two types of anaerobic respiration?
Lactic Acid and Alcohol Fermentation
in which step is water used in photosynthesis?
Light-Dependent Reaction
What are the two stages of photosynthesis called?
Light-Dependent Reaction and Light-Independent Reaction (or Electron Transport Chain and Calvin Cycle)
As the rate of a reaction increases, the activation energy
Lowers
Products are___ in a reaction.
Made/produced (1
If you are at the top of the energy pyramid- who eats you?
No one, but technically decomposers will return the nutrients in you back to the soil (1)
What is a Detrivore?
Other-nourish, an organisms that gets its food by eating other organisms
What product is made in the light-dependent reaction?
Oxygen
What is the source of energy of chemosynthesis ?
Producers
What type of macro molecule are enzymes?
Proteins
What is the 3rd Trophic Level called in a food pyramid?
Secondary consumers
What is an autotroph?
Self-nourish, an organism that makes its own food
What does an enzyme do to a reaction?
Speeds it up by lowering the activation energy (1)
Where does the Light-Independent reaction occur?
Stroma
What are the two byproducts of photosynthesis? And what is the main product?
Sugar (glucose) and Oxygen; Sugar
What form of energy powers Light-Dependent reaction of photosynthesis?
Sunlight
All energy originally comes from the
The Sun
Where does all energy ORIGINALLY come from? (think photosynthesis)
The Sun
How many ATP are made in glycolysis?
Total 4, net 2
Where does the "lost" energy go?
Used or lost as heat (1
Reactants are___ in a reaction.
Used/broken (1)
Why can't we do photosynthesis?
We can't absorb sunlight and use it
What does aerobic mean?
With oxygen
What does anaerobic mean?
Without oxygen
What organelle makes ATP?
mitochondria