Biology Quiz 4 Study

life cycle

The idea that organisms reproduce from adult, to gametes, and back to adult again in a cycle or cyclical pattern.

larva

The juvenile stage or phase of life of an organism which undergoes metamorphosis.

differentiation

A process changing cells or organisms from a generalized to a more specific or specialized condition. It often involves a reduction of the ability to reproduce or divide, and is usually not reversible.

diplontic

A type of life cycle in which meiosis produces gametes and the bulk of the life cycle is passed as a diploid. Adults are diploid

external fertilization

A type of mating pattern in which eggs and sperm are released into the water after the mating partners come near one another. Fertilization occurs outside the body of the female.

haplontic

A life cycle in which meiosis occurs shortly after fertilization, and most of the life cycle is passed as a haploid

internal fertilization

A mating pattern in which the male and female come close together and the male introduces the sperm into the body of the female where fertilization occurs.

complete metamorphosis

A type of metamorphosis in which the change from larva to adult occurs in one dramatic step. The larva and adult do not appear to be the same.

tadpole

A young frog or toad in the larval stage of development.

embryo

A zygote will develop into an ________ during the early stages.

fertilized egg

The only portion of a haplontic life cycle that is diploid is the ________

-adults producing gametes -fertilization -the growth of offspring to adulthood

The term life cycle includes the entire process of:

metamorphosis

The transformation of a larva to an adult. It occurs only in animals having great differences in form between the larva and adult.

diplontic life cycle

Thus, meiosis is related directly to reproduction itself in a _______

-produces genetic variation -produces resistance to unfavorable conditions -produces disease free seed plants

What are three advantages to sexual reproduction?

-it is a highly complex process -it is completely governed by preexisting genetic information received by the zygote

Which statement(s) are true about metamorphosis:

External fertilization

___________ is not an efficient method of reproduction

mitosis

A zygote becomes a mature adult through the process of _______

alfalfa weevil

The __________ is an example of an animal which undergoes complete metamorphosis

organ

A group of tissues with a specific function in a part of the body

tissue

A group or mass of cells having a common function.

isogamous fertilization

A haplontic cycle animal initially reproduces by:

incomplete metamorphosis

A kind of metamorphosis in which the change from larva to adult comes in several steps or stages. The change is not as dramatic as that of complete metamorphosis

embryo

An early stage in the development of an animal or plant

pupa

An insect is called a _______ during the period of inactivity associated with complete metamorphosis.

initially by meiosis, then by mitosis

By what reproductive mechanism does a haplontic animal grow?

oogamous

Diplontic animals usually produce both eggs or sperm which are ________

producing gametes

For an animal living a diplontic cycle, meiosis is limited to:

larva; adulthood

Incomplete metamorphosis is a change from ________ to ________ that takes place in a series of steps.

terrestrial

Something which occurs on the land or refers to the land.

tissues

Specialized cells which perform a particular function form _______

timing of meiosis

The basic difference between a haplontic life cycle and a diplontic life cycle is the _________

pupa

The developmental stage between larva and adult in insects undergoing complete metamorphosis. It is usually a resistant stage with a thick layer of material protecting the insect from drying out or being harmed by outside influences or forces of various kinds.