Biology review (exam 4)

how does the body recognize self cells compared to non self cells

"self" cells are marked by glycoproteins called major-histocompatibility complexes (MHCs)

Which of the following are used to name influenza viruses (according to CDC)

1. strain 2. geographical origin 3. year of isolation

which of the following is a characteristic of all living things

All living things maintain a constant internal enviornment

Three domains of life

Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

which of the following explains how the flu virus impacts the respiratory system

Decrease in epithelial function leading to fluid build up in the lungs

order used to Classify life

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Influenza A is a DNA virus (True or False)

False

______ viruses are challenging the historical notion that viruses are non-living things due to their large size, large genome, and ability to make certain proteins

Giant

A virus has been partially identified as as Michigan/45/2015(H1N1). Based on this information, to which type of virus would it belong?

Influenza A

What defines a population?

Interbreeding members of the same species in the same area at the same time

whats the difference between the lytic life cycle and the lysogenic life cycle

Lysogenic cycle becomes latent and takes longer whereas the lytic cycle is quicker

what are the four signs of an inflammatory response

Pain swelling redness heat

which of the following statements best describe a virus

RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein shell

what is the enzyme that allows retroviruses to convert DNA into RNA?

Reverse Transciptase

Structures that have lost all of their original functions are called______ structures

Vestigial

b cells change into plasma cells after encountering an antigen and then produce_______

antibodies

what is the correct sequence of events in the viral life cycle in a prokaryotic host?

attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, release

Where do B cells develop?

bone marrow

which of the following types of cells would a flu virus most likely target as the means of entry into the body

epithelial cells lining the respiratory system

It stimulates a primary response to the virus so the immune system will recognize subsequent infections

flu vaccine

what provides evidence of evolution

fossil record biogeography comparative anatomy

in which of the following does histamine cause capillary beds to be leaky, thus slowing the movement of pathogens into a wound

inflammatory response

which is not a component of evolution by natural selection

inheritance of acquired characteristics

Some B cells become

memory cells

Antigenic drift in influenza

minor mutations in HA and NA genes, often of a single amino acid; responsible for seasonal influenza; immunity developed from previous year less effective

which of the following are part of the adaptive immunity defenses

t lymphocytes

antigenic shift

the process by which two or more different strains of a virus, or strains of two or more different viruses, combine to form a new subtype having a mixture of the surface antigens of the two or more original strains.