Biology Semester 2 Exam (chapter 18&19)

you find a protist that is unicellular, has cilia all around it, and a deep oral groove. This organism can be classified as a ______

paramecium

what is the name for the tough flexible outer membrane euglenoids have instead of a cell wall

pellicle

what is the name of the pigment that gives red algae there characteristic color

phycobilins

what factor can the differences im algae color be attributed

pigments

what is the name of the feeding stage of an acellular slime mold

plasmodium

and infectious particle made entirely of protein

prion

organisms without a nucleus are called _______

prokaryotes

algae are used as a source of food worldwide because of their high _______

protein

amoebas extend their plasmic membrane to feed and move. What are those extensions called?

pseudopods

what role does bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle

recycle nutrients

protists and phylum Rhodophyta that contain calcium carbonate and contribute to the formation of coral reefs are called ________

red algae

A virus with RNA

retrovirus

retroviruses such as HIV use an enzyme to convert their RNA into double-stranded DNA. What is this enzyme

reverse transcriptase

Streptococcus pyogenes is the bacterium that causes strep throat. Based on its name, what is the shape of the bacterial cells

round

Red tides can be fatal to humans if they eat _______

shellfish

prokaryotes are able to function with small cell mitochondria is because of their what size

small

what viral disease was illiminated by a worldwide vaccination program

smallpox

fungi and slime molds use _______ to reproduce

spores

A protist that lacks contractile vacuoles, cannot locomote, and is parasitic can be classified as a

sporozoan

without an endospore a Clostridium tetani bacterium would not be able to

survive extreme coldness

what do foraminiferans and radiolarians have that separates them from other amoebae

test

why are methanogens obligate anaerobes

they die in the presence of oxygen

why are green algae similar to green plants

they have chloroplasts and store food as carbohydrates

most freshwater algae species such as spirogyra are classified in phylum ________

Chlorophyta

type of bacteria that lives in extreme habitat

archaebacteria

true or false: algae is a photosynthesic protist

true

true or false: sporozoans are parasitic protist

true

A strand of genetic material surrounded by a protein is called a _____

virus

aquatic protists that envelope there food with a mass of threads to absorb nutrients are called ________

water molds

what is the meaning of prokaryote?

without a nucleus

what do funguslike protist contain that true fungi do not

centrioles

A spherically shaped bacteria is called a_____

coccus

what is the smallest type of virus or bacteria

cold virus

ciliates vary the composition of their DNA by using the process of _______

conjugation

bacteria breaking down a dead tree into nutrient rich soil are acting as ________

de composers

an intricately shaped plantlike protist consisting of 2 halves is called a _______

diatom

algae in phylum Bacillariophyta that have two halves and display a wide variety of geometric shape's are called ______

diatoms

nutrients and other substances are moved throughout the body of a prokaryote by the process of ___________

diffusion

what my induce a virus to enter a lytic cycle after being dormant for several years

emotional stress

protists that have both plant and animal characteristics are classified in phylum ________

euglenophyta

true or false: Ciliophora is a phylum of a funguslike protist

false

true or false: oxygen supply in water increasing is a consequence of an algal

false

true or false: shape of cells is used to classify algae

false

eukaryotes with a diversity of reproduction methods describes organisms in which Kingdom

Kingdom Protista

what phylum classifies all amoeba species

Sarcodina

what will a slime mold develop as a result of altering its lifecycle in response to a drought

Sporangia

what bacterial adaptations help a bacterium avoid being engulfed by white blood cells

Capsule

what is the result of conjugation

genetic diversity

organelles called contractile vacuole's enable a paramecium to _______

get rid of excess water and waste products

what describes HIV that causes AIDS

has RNA instead of DNA

what does a virus need to replicate

host cell

algae differ from plants because they do not have ______

leaves roots and stems

viral DNA is integrated with the genetic material of the host cell during the ________

lysogenic cycle

what do scientists used to classify protist into groups

methods of obtaining food

genetic material wrapped in a protein coat describes most tyoes of what

most types of viruses

what is the function of a flagellum

movement

The resistance of many bacteria strains to the antibiotic penicillin is a result of ________

mutations

harmless prokaryotes living on human skin

normal flora

what manufactures iron in the bloodstream

normal flora

unlike true fungi, fungi like protist lack the substance called _______

Chitin

sporozoans are classified in phylum _______

Apicomolexa

which habitat is least likely to harbor any species of Protista

Desert

protists that bloom and turn ocean water red in color are called_____

Dino flagellates

how do humans benefit from E. coli and their intestines

E. coli makes vitamin K

unlike eukaryotes, prokaryotic cells do not store genetic information inside a _______

Nucleus

algae blooms and red tide are caused by protist from phylum _______

Pyrrophyta

prokaryotes with a rod shaped are called _______

bacilli

the function of the _______ is to keep the kelp floating near the surface of the water where light in available for photosynthesis

bladder

what is the outer coat of proteins called that surrounds the core of the virus

capsid

Acellular slime molds are so named because they go through a phase in their life cycle in which the nucleus divides but no ______ form

cell internal walls