Biology Semester 2 Exam (chapter 18&19)
you find a protist that is unicellular, has cilia all around it, and a deep oral groove. This organism can be classified as a ______
paramecium
what is the name for the tough flexible outer membrane euglenoids have instead of a cell wall
pellicle
what is the name of the pigment that gives red algae there characteristic color
phycobilins
what factor can the differences im algae color be attributed
pigments
what is the name of the feeding stage of an acellular slime mold
plasmodium
and infectious particle made entirely of protein
prion
organisms without a nucleus are called _______
prokaryotes
algae are used as a source of food worldwide because of their high _______
protein
amoebas extend their plasmic membrane to feed and move. What are those extensions called?
pseudopods
what role does bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle
recycle nutrients
protists and phylum Rhodophyta that contain calcium carbonate and contribute to the formation of coral reefs are called ________
red algae
A virus with RNA
retrovirus
retroviruses such as HIV use an enzyme to convert their RNA into double-stranded DNA. What is this enzyme
reverse transcriptase
Streptococcus pyogenes is the bacterium that causes strep throat. Based on its name, what is the shape of the bacterial cells
round
Red tides can be fatal to humans if they eat _______
shellfish
prokaryotes are able to function with small cell mitochondria is because of their what size
small
what viral disease was illiminated by a worldwide vaccination program
smallpox
fungi and slime molds use _______ to reproduce
spores
A protist that lacks contractile vacuoles, cannot locomote, and is parasitic can be classified as a
sporozoan
without an endospore a Clostridium tetani bacterium would not be able to
survive extreme coldness
what do foraminiferans and radiolarians have that separates them from other amoebae
test
why are methanogens obligate anaerobes
they die in the presence of oxygen
why are green algae similar to green plants
they have chloroplasts and store food as carbohydrates
most freshwater algae species such as spirogyra are classified in phylum ________
Chlorophyta
type of bacteria that lives in extreme habitat
archaebacteria
true or false: algae is a photosynthesic protist
true
true or false: sporozoans are parasitic protist
true
A strand of genetic material surrounded by a protein is called a _____
virus
aquatic protists that envelope there food with a mass of threads to absorb nutrients are called ________
water molds
what is the meaning of prokaryote?
without a nucleus
what do funguslike protist contain that true fungi do not
centrioles
A spherically shaped bacteria is called a_____
coccus
what is the smallest type of virus or bacteria
cold virus
ciliates vary the composition of their DNA by using the process of _______
conjugation
bacteria breaking down a dead tree into nutrient rich soil are acting as ________
de composers
an intricately shaped plantlike protist consisting of 2 halves is called a _______
diatom
algae in phylum Bacillariophyta that have two halves and display a wide variety of geometric shape's are called ______
diatoms
nutrients and other substances are moved throughout the body of a prokaryote by the process of ___________
diffusion
what my induce a virus to enter a lytic cycle after being dormant for several years
emotional stress
protists that have both plant and animal characteristics are classified in phylum ________
euglenophyta
true or false: Ciliophora is a phylum of a funguslike protist
false
true or false: oxygen supply in water increasing is a consequence of an algal
false
true or false: shape of cells is used to classify algae
false
eukaryotes with a diversity of reproduction methods describes organisms in which Kingdom
Kingdom Protista
what phylum classifies all amoeba species
Sarcodina
what will a slime mold develop as a result of altering its lifecycle in response to a drought
Sporangia
what bacterial adaptations help a bacterium avoid being engulfed by white blood cells
Capsule
what is the result of conjugation
genetic diversity
organelles called contractile vacuole's enable a paramecium to _______
get rid of excess water and waste products
what describes HIV that causes AIDS
has RNA instead of DNA
what does a virus need to replicate
host cell
algae differ from plants because they do not have ______
leaves roots and stems
viral DNA is integrated with the genetic material of the host cell during the ________
lysogenic cycle
what do scientists used to classify protist into groups
methods of obtaining food
genetic material wrapped in a protein coat describes most tyoes of what
most types of viruses
what is the function of a flagellum
movement
The resistance of many bacteria strains to the antibiotic penicillin is a result of ________
mutations
harmless prokaryotes living on human skin
normal flora
what manufactures iron in the bloodstream
normal flora
unlike true fungi, fungi like protist lack the substance called _______
Chitin
sporozoans are classified in phylum _______
Apicomolexa
which habitat is least likely to harbor any species of Protista
Desert
protists that bloom and turn ocean water red in color are called_____
Dino flagellates
how do humans benefit from E. coli and their intestines
E. coli makes vitamin K
unlike eukaryotes, prokaryotic cells do not store genetic information inside a _______
Nucleus
algae blooms and red tide are caused by protist from phylum _______
Pyrrophyta
prokaryotes with a rod shaped are called _______
bacilli
the function of the _______ is to keep the kelp floating near the surface of the water where light in available for photosynthesis
bladder
what is the outer coat of proteins called that surrounds the core of the virus
capsid
Acellular slime molds are so named because they go through a phase in their life cycle in which the nucleus divides but no ______ form
cell internal walls