Biology Test 1
880 mm equals how many m?
0.88 m
Briefly list the steps of this experimental procedure
1. Observe the pillbug, 2. Form a Hypothesis about how the pillbug will react to different substances, 3. Test it, 4. Come up with a conclusion
19 mm equals how many cm?
1.9 cm
What is the magnifying power of the ocular lenses on your microscope?
10X
If a pillbug travels 3mm in 30 seconds, what is its rate of speed?
10mm/sec
2700 mg equals how many grams.
2.7 g
3.4 L equals how many ml?
3400 ml
Convert 98.6°F to Celsius
37°C
If the total magnification of a slide is 400× and the ocular lenses are 10×, what is the magnifying power of the objective being used?
4,000
22˚C equals how many degrees F?
71.6˚F
What do scientists develop after many years of experimentation and a lot of similar individual conclusions?
A Scientific Theory
Which is made by a scientist following experiments and observations, a theory or a conclusion?
A conclusion
List several differences between a light and electron microscope.
A light microscope uses rays to magnify, whereas electron microscopes use beams of electrons. The electron microscope has better resolution. Light microscopes use glass lenses and electron microscopes use electromagnetic lenses.
What do scientists call the information they collect while doing experiments or making observations?
Data
What is another name for responding variable?
dependent variable
How do you get rate of speed?
distance divided by speed
Humans eat food, which is broken down to nutrients, as a source of _________ which give them the capacity to do work
energy
An evolutionary adaptation suits an organism to its
environment
What is the base unit for mass?
gram
What is the base unit for weight?
gram
What does a control substance do?
helps rule out different variables
Briefly list the second step of this experimental procedure
Form a Hypothesis about how the pillbug will react to different substances
A possible explanation for a natural event that is often tested by experimentation is called a(n)
hypothesis
What does parfocal do?
if an objective lens is in focus, when you change to another objective it should remain relatively in focus
Life maintains an...
internal environment
How does an electron microscope work?
it uses electrons to create images
List several types of microscopes
light and electron microscope and stereomicroscope
What is the base unit for volume?
liter (L)
Life requires...
materials and energy
What is the base unit for length?
meter (m)
What system of measurement is used in science?
metric system
How is a theory different from a conclusion?
multiple studies that indicate a certain outcome
Briefly list the first step of this experimental procedure
Observe the pillbug
What is the name for the lenses located near the eye?
Ocular lense
Indicate all of the roles that cholesterol plays in human cells
Part in the functioning of every cell membrane throughout the body so needs to be transported around the body. It is the material that the body uses to make other vital substances, including certain hormones.
What is cholesterol used for?
Persecutor for all steroids
Determine whether the statement is a hypotheses, conclusions or scientific theories. All living things are made of cells.
Scientific Theory
The four forms in which matter can exist are
Solid, liquid, gas, and plasma
Is used to study section to study the entire objects in three dimensions at low magnification
Stereomicroscope
Plants, which make their own food, require what to live?
Sunlight,water, and carbon dioxide
The study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms is called
Systematics
Briefly list the Third step of this experimental procedure
Test it
What is the purpose of the scientific method?
Test the hypothesis
How is a conclusion different from a theory?
only indicates an outcome from one specific test
Life is ______
organized
What are the differences between a stereomicroscope and compound light microscope?
The stereomicroscope is to study section to study the entire objects in three dimensions at low magnification. A Compound light microscope is used to see small or thinly sliced objects at a higher resolution.
Considering you will be testing how pillbugs move toward or away from particular foods or repellents, how are the observations from this section important?
To decide what they would or would not eat or what could potentially harm them or if something could remind them of their environment
Why is it important to test a pillbug's response using one substance at a time?
To rule out any other variables and to have a control group. If we put everything at once, it would only show what the pillbug prefers the most, not whether or not he is attracted to each individual substance.
What is used to improve contrast when viewing clear portions of cells?
Transmission electron microscope
List several unique objects or specimens you could view with a stereomicroscope.
Use them for viewing insects, crystals, plant life, circuit boards etc.
What is a conclusion?
a judgement based on the information obtained from one test
Where is cholesterol found?
cell membrane
Life has the capacity to...
reproduce and develop
What instrument is used to measure mass?
scale
In the scientific name for humans, sapiens is the
species name
Why is it important to have a control substance for an experiment?
there has to be something to test other experiments against
How does a light microscope work?
visible light is passed through the specimen and then through glass lenses
is used to see small or thinly sliced objects at a higher resolution.
Compound light microscope
How do you convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?
(C x 1.8) + 32
Determine whether the statement is a hypotheses, conclusions or scientific theories. The data show that trans-fat intake raises cholesterol and contributes to heart disease
Conclusion
Which type of microscope should be used to view a virus that is 50 nm in size? Justify your choice
A stereomicroscope so you can see the whole object in 3D
Why is a theory more comprehensive than a conclusion?
A theory has more data to back it up
Life has the ability to...
Adapt
If a pillbug moves toward a substance, is it attracted to or repelled by that substance
Attracted
What are the three domains of life?
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
How do you convert Fahrenheit to Celsius?
C=5/9(F-32)
The smallest unit that displays the properties of life is called a(n)
Cell
Which temperature scale is used in science?
Celsius
Which metric units of measurement are on a typical ruler?
Centimeters and millimeters
Briefly list the Fourth step of this experimental procedure
Come up with a conclusion
What kind of lenses do electron microscopes use?
Electromagnetic lenses
Does a light or electron microscope have better resolution?
Electron Microscope
What are the subatomic particles that combine to form atoms.
Electrons, protons, and neutrons
the factor in an experiment that is being tested is called the
Experimental variable
what kind of lenses are found in light microscopes?
Glass lenses
The maintenance of normal internal conditions in a cell or an organism is called
Homeostasis
What is another name for experimental variable?
Independent variable
What is a longitudinal section?
It is horizontal
What is a cross section?
It is vertical
Compound light microscopes are parfocal and parcentric. In terms of using the multiple objective lenses, why are these features beneficial?
It keeps the object in place so you do not have to readjust
If your hypothesis was your pillbug would be attracted to applesauce and your pillbug moved toward the applesauce, what would you say about your hypothesis?
It was supported
Life responds to...
Its environment
What does parcentric do?
Keeps objects at the center of view when changing magnifications
Which unit is typically used for larger weights such as human body weight?
Kilograms
List all the characteristics of life.
Life Is Organized. Life Requires Materials and Energy. Life Has the Capacity to Reproduce and Develop. Life Responds to its Environment. Life Maintains an Internal Environment. Life Has the Ability to Adapt
To properly measure 20 ml of water, what must be at the 20 ml mark of the graduated cylinder?
Meniscus
Why is a standard system of measurement useful across the sciences?
Metric System
What instruments are used to observe objects smaller than a millimeter?
Microscopes
Do you convert measurements when you are finding the rate of speed?
No
Which term describes the minimum distance between two objects required to distinguish them as two separate objects?
Resolution
The change that occurs due to the experimental treatment is called the
Responding variable
The type of reproduction that is most often used by multicellular organisms is
Sexual reproduction
What kind of microscope would be used to study a whole or opaque object?
The Stereomicroscope
A group of similar cells that perform a particular function is a(n)
Tissue
If a pillbug shows the same attraction toward a control and food, can you conclude the pillbug is attracted to the food?
Yes, if the pillbug is attracted to both
If you use the coarse-adjustment knob to focus on an object with the high-power objective, what problems will you encounter? Explain
You could crack the slide in between the stage and objective lense
Explain how you would measure the volume of a solid object such as a rock.
You measure the amount of water in a graduated cylinder then you drop the rock in and measure how much the water raises. Then subtract the difference
Justify your choice of an objective to use when starting your observation of the Euglena wet mount; if the Euglena are swimming to the left, which way should you move your slide to keep the organism in view?
You should move the slide to the right because it would give more space for the organism
What is a theory?
a well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations
An atom is the smallest unit of
an element or matter
