Biology Test, Modern System Of Classification

Which is a major concept included in Lamarck's evolutionary hypothesis?

Acquired characteristics can be passed onto offspring.

Which kingdom is multicellular, eukaryotic, heterotrophic, and mobile?

Animalia

The organisms classified here all belong in the kingdom ______________ in the domain _____________.

Animalia; Eukarya Animalia; Eukarya Organisms in the domain Eukarya have eukaryotic cells. These members are also representatives of the kingdom Animalia.

Which clade is composed of eukaryotes which are mostly multicellular and heterotrophs?

Animals The animals are made of mostly unicellular eukaryotes that are heterotrophs. Eubacteria are prokaryotes, and Fungi are mostly multicellular and are only heterotrophs. Plants are multicellular and are only autotrophs.

Which is the correct format for the scientific name for the African lion shown here? A) Panthera Leo. B) Panthera leo. C) Panthera Leo. D) Panthera leo.

D)Panthera leo. Panthera leo.

Which kingdom is prokaryotic, unicellular, autotrophic, and can cause illness?

Eubacteria

What does analyzing a cladogram show about organisms?

It shows how organisms are similar and different.

Which kingdom includes organisms that are multicellular, eukaryotic, and autotrophic?

Plantae

Which kingdom includes organisms that are unicellular, multicellular, aggregate and colonial in cellular arrangement?

Protista Protista is the kingdom that is the most diverse in its cellular arrangement of representative organisms.

What is the largest natural population of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring?

Species A species is the largest natural population of organisms that can potentially interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Ricardo scooped up some pond water that contained many GREEN organisms. His teacher suggested that he key out the organisms. What important feature(s) should Ricardo use to determine if the organisms are plants?

are multicellular and undergo photosynthesis Plants are multicellular and undergo photosynthesis. The key does not mention habitat. Both protists and plants have chloroplasts.

In the new six-kingdom system of classification, __________ are now divided into two separate kingdoms, __________ and ___________, which form the basis for the three domain classification system.

bacteria; archaebacteria and eubacteria In the new six-kingdom system of classification bacteria are now divided into two separate kingdoms, archaebacteria and eubacteria.

Fungi differ from plants in that they do not reproduce by seeds and lack

chlorophyll. Fungi do not produce seeds and they lack chlorophyll. Both fungi and plants have cell walls. The cell walls of fungi are made of chitin. Plant cells contain chlorophyll which allows them to be photosynthetic. Fungi are heterotrophs but do not photosynthesize.

Using binomial nomenclature, it classifies organisms by their ___.

family and species name

The kingdom, Protista, includes

most single-celled eukaryotes. The kingdom, Protista, includes most single-celled eukaryotes unlike many of the organisms that people are familiar with - all animals, plants, and fungi.

Scientists use binomial nomenclature to ___ and ___.

name and identify

Which is the MOST specific taxonomic level that includes apes, monkeys, orangutans, and humans?

order Monkeys, orangutans, and humans all belong to the primate order. Order is the 4th broadest classification. The genus and species of these may be different, but we all belong to the animal kingdom.

reproduce sexually and asexually have vascular systems became established on land long before animals These all apply to

plants. These all describe characteristics of plants.

In the new six kingdom system of classification, the six kingdoms may be grouped into three domains. The domain archaea contains organisms that are

prokaryotic cells living in extreme environments Organisms in the domain Archaea are prokaryotic cells living in extreme environments. They are the halophiles (salt-loving) and thermophiles (heat-loving) bacteria.

Which of these groups includes organisms that are MOST closely related?

species Species.Species is the most specific of the 7 levels of classification.

prokaryotic cells cell walls contain peptidoglycan sensitive to traditional antibacterial antibiotic The characteristics listed above describe the domain

Bacteria The characteristics describe the domain Bacteria. This kingdom contains unicellular organisms that we recognize as pathogens.

Who devised the modern system of classification, where species such as humans, are recognized by Latin names that identify genus and species (ex: Homo sapiens)?

Carolus Linnaeus Carolus Linnaeus. Linnaeus invented the modern system of taxonomy in the 1830s, which is still in use today.

Which feature do prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells share?

Cytoplasm

Order the important evolutionary history developments.

Malthus writes about the inevitability that people will exhaust a food supply by reproducing too often, Lamarck writes about evolution through acquired traits, Darwin writes 'On the Origin of Species', DNA sequencing is developed.

What is a characteristic of a virus but not a characteristic of a bacterium?

Needs a host to reproduce.

THe baboons Papio annubis and Papio cynocephalus do not belong in the same ___ category.

species

Many insects have become resistant to pesticides. In which population would you MOST expect pesticide resistance to develop?

A population that reproduces very slowly

·lack a nucleus and cell organelles ·cell walls made of peptidoglycan ·are inhibited by antibiotics ·live almost everywhere The characteristics describe organisms found in the domain

Bacteria. The characteristics describe organisms in the domain Bacteria. The prokaryotic cells are divided into two domains, Archaea and Bacteria. The organisms in the domain Bacteria are more like what you and I consider to be typical bacterial cells. Monera refers to the old five-kingdom system of classification.

Stentor is classified in the kingdom Protista. What features, both internal and external, should be considered, when classifying this organism?

presence of cells and unicellular or multicellular Eternal and internal features critical to the classification of stentor as a protist are presence of cells and unicellular or multicellular. Stentor is a unicellular organism. Protists are composed of cells with organelles. Three other kingdoms contain multicellular organisms; the remaining kingdom contains organisms that lack cellular organelles. While stentor is green and contains chlorophyll, so do the organisms in the plant kingdom.

The scientific name for the dog is Canis lupus. The scientific name for the domesticated cat is Felis catus. Dogs and cats live together, play together, but they do not have offspring together. A cat and a dog can not produce fertile offspring because they are not the same

species. Cats and dogs are not in the same .species. According to the scientific names of the two, they have different genus and species names.

All BUT one of the statements is true about Linnaeus's modern system of taxonomic classification. Which statement is NOT true?

Most species names are written in Swedish because Linnaeus was Swedish. Most species names are written in English, because Linnaeus was English. LATIN is the primary language of the Linnean system, because it is a dead language

Scientists use the binomial nomenclature to identify and name organisms. All BUT one statement is true about the binomial system of classification. Which statement is false?

The family and species name are given. The family and species name are given. The GENUS and species name are given. The family is a more general classification.

The five-kingdom system of classification reflects the idea that all organisms can be separated into two main groups: prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The new six-kingdom system recognizes three broader groups that include six kingdoms. How do the three basic groups of the six-kingdom system differ from those of the 5-kingdom system?

The six-kingdom system has three domains: two domains separate all prokaryotic organisms into two new groups. The six-kingdom system has three domains: two domains separate all prokaryotic organisms into two new groups. All eukaryotic organisms are in the domain Eukarya. Prokaryotes are divided into two kingdoms and two domains, Archaea and Bacteria.

My kingdom for a shoe! Sam's biology teacher instructed the class to throw their shoes in a pile. Based on shoe characteristics they were to develop a classification hierarchy of shoes, beginning with the shoe "kingdom" and becoming more and more specific, just like scientists did for the classification of living things. Which classification system of the shoes would BEST represent today's classification system of living things?

kingdom: shoe - phylum: Converse- class: tie or no tie - order: high top or low top - family: by color kingdom shoe - phylum Converse- class tie or no tie - order high top or low top - family by color. The correct order is kingdom - phylum - class - order- family - genus - species. You should use general characteristics first and work your way down to most specific.

There can be a(n) ______________ in a ________________, under the system of classification developed by Linnaeus.

order; class. Class is above order in the seven levels of classification.

·methanogens ·extreme halophiles ·lack a nucleus and cell organelles ·cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan These characteristics describe organisms found in the domain

Archaea. The characteristics describe organisms found in the domain Archaea. This domain is one of the prokaryotic domains but members live in very extreme environments on Earth.

Which kingdom is unicellular, prokaryotic, and lives in extreme environments like thermal vents and salt marshes?

Archaebacteria

Under the newest system of classification, organisms are classified into three domains and six kingdoms. The kingdoms are Archaebacteria (ancient bacteria), Eubacteria (true bacteria), Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia

Bacteria. The true bacteria are members of the domain Bacteria.

Kingdom animalia includes a major phylum known as chordata, which includes the sub-phylum vertebrata. This includes lions like the ones shown above. The remaining taxonomic levels for lions is: Mammalia, Carnivora, Felidae, Panthera, leo. For the lion, Felidae is the name given to which taxonomic level?

Family. Felidae is a family and comes after the Class (mammalia) and Order (carnivora). The ending -dae, usually indicates family.

What is the main advantage of the present system of scientific naming for classifying organisms.

It avoids the confusion of the same species having different common names in different places. A largemouth bass can also be called a black bass in different places, but they are Micropterus salmoides everywhere.

Which kingdom is composed of multicellular autotrophs?

Plant The Plant Kingdom is made of multicellular autotrophs. Animals and Fungi are both heterotrophic, and Protists are mostly unicellular.

Some insect species are resistant to pesticides. Why?

Random variation in the population with a favorable adaptation.

Scientists divided the kingdom Monera into two groups, the Archeabacteria and the Eubacteria. Advances in biochemistry and genetics helped to separate organisms into the two prokaryotic kingdoms. Compare and contrast the two prokaryotic kingdoms. What is one major difference that is apparent?

The chemical composition of the cell walls of each in the two kingdoms varies.

This is a photo of a wolf-dog. This animal is the offspring of a gray wolf and a domesticated dog, the German shepherd. The wolf-dog you see here can breed and have pups. What conclusion can you make about the wolf and the German shepherd?

The two animals are members of the same species. The two animals are members of the same species. Both the wolf and the dog have this scientific name: Canis lupus.

The organization of similar organisms into groups helps scientists understand how living things are related. It also allows scientists to communicate about all forms of life. Scientists organize the living world using a process called taxonomy, which is the science of classifying organisms based on shared structures, functions, and relationships to other organisms. Scientists use a branching system of classification, and over the years, due to new discoveries, the branching system has changed and grown. The chart shows how the six kingdoms are organized into three domains. Notice one domain, Eukarya, contains four kingdoms while the other two domains contain one kingdom each. One characteristic do scientists use to place organisms in the Domain Eukarya?

They are composed on one or more eukaryotic cells. Each domain is subdivided into kingdoms; the first two in the chart are made up of prokaryotic organisms. The third domain, Eukarya, is made up of eukaryotic organisms, both unicellular and multicellular.

In the last few years, discoveries of ____________ differences among bacterial cells caused scientists to divide the monera into two distinct groups, the eubacteria and archaebacteria.

biochemical Recent biochemical discoveries caused scientists to divide the monera into two distinct groups, the eubacteria and archaebacteria.

Recent work in classification of life on Earth has shown that what were once called prokaryotes are much more diverse than ever suspected. The prokaryotae are now divided into two domains, the Eubacteria and the Archaeabacteria, as different from each other as either is from the Eukaryota. No one of these groups is ancestral to the others, and each shares certain features with the others as well as having its own unique characteristics. One group of prokaryotae, the blue-green algae, have left a fossil record that is dated to be nearly 3.5 billion years old, among the oldest fossils currently known. These blue-green algae had cell walls and were photosynthetic. Considering this, where would you place the cyanobacteria in this cladogram?

eubacteria The archaebacteria are ancient but live in very extreme habitats: high or low pH, high temperatures. The eubacteria are more representative of what we think of as bacteria today.

The premise of the endosymbiotic theory below is that___.

eukaryotes came from prokaryotes

Charles Darwin's observation that finches of different species on the Galapagos islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finches___.

evolved from a common ancestors

In the domain system of classification, prokaryotes are divided into two domains: Bacteria and Archaea. The two domains differ in all BUT one feature. That is, both

have prokaryotic cells. The two prokaryotic domains differ greatly but all organisms in these domains have prokaryotic cells. Members of the domain Archaea live in extreme environments, including anaerobic conditions. Also, the Archaea have cell walls that are different from the Bacteria as their walls do not contain peptidoglycan. Some scientists believe the Archaea to be more closely related to the eukaryote.

Sally's teacher asked her to classify the organisms in a sample of pond water. One KEY feature can be seen that helped Sally rule out the kingdom Eubacteria. That was the presence of

organelles. The presence of organelles, like the micronucleus, seen in the slide helped Sally rule out the Eubacteria.

According to classification, if two organisms are in the same class, then they must be in the same kingdom and

phylum Organisms that are in the same class must share characteristics with organisms in the same kingdom and phylum. The kingdom and phylum levels of organization are both more inclusive than the class level.

Acer japonica, Acer rubrum, and Acer saccharum are

three species of maple trees, all in the same genus. The three names represent three species of maple trees, all in the same genus. Each organism has its own unique two part name, composed of the organism's genus and species.