BIOLOGY - UNIT 8: HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTION

Protective membranes surrounding the brain are called .

the meninges

The spinal cord runs through and is protected by the .

vertebrae

Neurons do not have a nucleus like most cells. True False

False

A concussion causes disruption of brain function. True False

True

"Motor end plates" are associated with: dendrites axon muscle contraction sensory neuron transmitter chemicals synapse

axon muscle contraction transmitter chemicals

How do nerve signals pass through the synapse? by polarization by acetylcholine by chemical reactions by axon connections

by acetylcholine by chemical reactions

The brain and the spinal cord are considered the nervous system.

central

The largest and uppermost part of the brain is called the: cerebrum cortex cerebellum medulla

cerebrum

Match the related items. 1. neurons cerebellum 2. electrical relay medulla 3. voluntary muscles thalamus 4. right body cerebral cortex 5. coordination frontal lobe 6. involuntary muscles left hemisphere 7. emotions/ visual/ thought cerebrum

cerebrum 7 left hemisphere 4 cerebellum 5 medulla 6 thalamus 2 cerebral cortex 1 frontal lobe 3

Match the following vocabulary words. 1. A transmitter chemical that causes muscle contraction 5 epilepsy 2. Fluid within the meninges around the brain and spinal cord 6 polarized 3. An enzyme which neutralizes acetylcholine at the synapse 3 cholinesterase 4. A graph showing the brain's electrical activity 1 acetylcholine 5. A brain problem that causes seizures 2 cerebrospinal fluid 6. Separation of charge in the neurons that prepares them for transmitting an impulse 4 electroencephalogram

epilepsy 5 polarized 6 acetylcholine 1 cerebrospinal fluid 2 electroencephalogram 4 cholinestera 3

Match the related units of a neuron. polarization . branching "tree-like" structure . single thread . space between neurons . transmits signal from cell body . receives signals . electrical cable.

impulse dendrite axon synapse axon dendrite multiple axons

What is the purpose of all the folds in the cerebrum? provides a gray color increases the surface area absorbs shock none of the above

increases the surface area

Impulses travel through neurons because of the reversal of .

membrane polarization

A neuron is a cell.

nerve

(Choose the one that best answers the question.) The system allows us to interact with our environment, the physical world.

nervous

Gathering and interpreting information is a function of the: endocrine system nervous system muscular system circulatory system

nervous system

The main purpose of the cerebrospinal fluid is for .

protection

What is the "reflex arc"? rapid response of the brain to stimuli impulse circuit from neurons to spinal cord to brain sensation and reaction circuit bypassing the brain sensation and reaction circuit bypassing the spinal cord

sensation and reaction circuit bypassing the brain

Match these activities. 1. contains many sensory areas synapse 2. measures electrical changes of the heart frontal lobe 3. fatty layer around axons parietal lobe 4. measures brain waves cranial nerve 5. willful muscle contraction; emotions spinal nerves 6. sensations for hearing, taste, and smell electroencephalogram 7. space between neurons temporal lobe 8. vagus nerve electrocardiogram 9. spinal cord - input/output sheath

synapse 7 spinal nerves 9 frontal lobe 5 cranial nerve 8 sheath 3 electroencephalogram 4 electrocardiogram 2 parietal lobe 1 temporal lobe 6