Biomed PLTW 2.1.1-2.1.6
Erythrocytes (RBC)
Hemoglobin-rich, red blood cells that transport oxygen through a body. Erythrocytes give the red color to vertebrate blood and do not have nuclei.
red blood cells
The cells that transport oxygen around the body.
protein
A biomolecule made of building blocks called amino acids.
clear
A clear woosh of air with each inhalation and exhalation.
ATP
A compound composed of adenosine and three phosphate groups that supplies energy for many biochemical cellular processes.
medical history
A record of information about a patient's past and current health. Includes information about the patient's habits, lifestyle, and even the health of their family.
hormones
A signaling molecule produced by glands. A hormone induces a specific effect on the activity of cells
hormone
A signaling molecule produced by glands. A hormone induces a specific effect on the activity of cells.
rhonchi
A snore-like sound heard when airways are partially obstructed.
Metabolism
The chemical reaction processes of breaking down molecules for energy and of using simple building blocks to build up more complex molecules needed for growth and repair.
metabolism
The chemical reaction processes of breaking down molecules for energy and of using simple building blocks to build up more complex molecules needed for growth and repair.
diameter
The diameter of the mole is larger than a pencil eraser
border
The edges of the mole are irregular or jagged
white blood cells
The five types of cells that the body uses to fight infection and injury and maintain our health
Homeostasis
The maintenance of stable internal physiological conditions (like body temperature or the pH of blood), which enables the optimal functioning of an organism
evolving
The mole appears to be changing (shape, color, size) over time
color
The mole is not one uniform color, but shows different colors or shades throughout
respiratory rate
The number of breaths an organism takes per minute
hemoglobin
The oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells
plasma
The pale yellow, liquid portion of blood that consists of water and dissolved substances, including sugars, lipids, metabolic waste products, amino acids, hormones, and vitamins.
chief complaint
The patient's description of what they feel is their main health problem
blood pressure
The pressure that blood exerts upon the walls of blood vessels, especially arteries, usually measured with a sphygmomanometer and expressed in millimeters of mercury
hematocrit
The proportion of red blood cells to plasma, the fluid component, in blood.
pulse
The rhythmic expansion and recoil of arteries resulting from heart contraction
triage
The sorting and prioritization of patients based on the urgency of their need for care
body temperature
degree of heat in the body, measured in degrees F using s thermometer
drones
deliver aid to disaster zones
smartphone reminders
direct patients to take their medicine or to get a vaccine
non-physician practitioners
health care provider who practices either in collaboration with or under the supervision of a physician
hyperglycemia
high blood glucose level
phlebotomy
incision of a vein
smartphone alerts
inform patients about disease outbreaks in their area
nurse
licensed health-care professional who is skilled in promoting and maintaining health
other specialists
many other specialists provide care at the clinic, including genetic counselors who advise families on their risk for inheriting or passing certain diseases, and specialist physicians such as psychiatrists and cardiologists
Body Mass Index (BMI)
measure of body fat that is the ratio of the weight of the body to its height
height
measure of how tall s person is from top of head to bottom of feet; measured in feet/inches using a type of ruler
Electrolyte
minerals found in your blood, urine, and other tissues; help keep a water balance in the body, move nutrients into cells and wastes out
asymmetry
one half of the mole does not match the shape of the other half
connecting virtually
share and demonstrate life saving techniques
glucose
simple sugar that the body uses for energy
Lung/Breath sounds
sound and clarity of the breaths, measured as a description of sound using a stethoscope
weight
the amount a person weighs, measured in pounds or kilograms using a scale
insulin resistance
the inability of the cells to respond to insulin
medical assistant
unlicensed caregiver who works primarily in doctor's offices and clinics; assist their medical director through a wide variety of duties
medical technician
uses sophisticated equipment and has different responsibilities, some work directly with patients while others work in a lab
Blood urea nitrogen and creatine
waste products filtered out of the blood by kidneys
patient liason
works with patients and their families to address needs and concerns; acts as an intermediary between patients, their families and the hospital admin
chemical reaction
A process where atoms and/or molecules are rearranged to transform matter.
insulin
A protein hormone secreted by the pancreas; essential for the metabolism of carbohydrates and the regulation of glucose levels in the blood.
type 2 diabetes
A form of diabetes that develops especially in adults, most often obese individuals. Type 2 is characterized by high blood glucose resulting from impaired insulin use coupled with the body's inability to compensate with increased insulin production.
type 1 diabetes
A form of diabetes that usually develops during childhood or adolescence. Type 1 is characterized by a severe deficiency of insulin, leading to high blood glucose levels.
wheezing
A high-pitched whistling sound caused by narrowed airways; can sometimes be heard without a stethoscope
glucagon
A hormone secreted by pancreatic endocrine cells that raises blood glucose levels; an antagonistic hormone to insulin.
biomolecules
A large molecule, or macromolecule, produced by living organisms. Examples include: nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
Cholesterol
A lipid that is an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids
risk factors
A lipid that is an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids
Thrombocytes
A minute, colorless, anucleate disk-like body of mammalian blood that assists in blood clotting by adhering to other platelets and damaged epithelium.
symptoms
Any subjective evidence of disease a patient perceives, such as aches, nausea, or fatigue. Symptoms allow the health care provider to narrow down the possible conditions that may be affecting the patient and then run tests to make a diagnosis
nucleic acids
Biomolecules that carry the instructions for producing proteins.
positive feedback
Causes a reinforcement of the original action. The input causes the reaction to increase.
negative feedback
Causes the system to stop doing the original action and to either take no action or to perform an opposite action.
Carbohydrates
Compounds, such as sugar, starch, and cellulose; found in foods and living tissues.
complete blood count (CBC)
Determination of numbers of blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and red cell values-MCH, MCV, MCHC
tact
Discretion and sensitivity in dealing with others. A doctor might exhibit tact when they choose their words carefully so as to not upset a patient when they must deliver bad news
stridor
Harsh, shrill sound, similar to wheezing, usually heard closest to the back of the neck, as it is caused by a partially obstructed windpipe
vital signs
Measurements—specifically pulse rate, temperature, respiration rate, and blood pressure—that indicate the state of a patient's essential body functions
physical signs
Pieces of evidence that indicate an illness that can be observed externally, such as a rash, coughing, or elevated temperature
lipids
One of a family of compounds including fats, phospholipids, and steroids that is insoluble in water.
Leukocytes (White Blood Cells)
One of the many cells in the blood that lack hemoglobin but have a nucleus and are active in the immune response. Lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils are leucocytes
demeanor
Outward behavior or bearing. A doctor might have a cheerful, peaceful, or friendly demeanor and put the patient at ease. A doctor with an arrogant or dismissive demeanor might lose a patient's trust.
crackles
Short and intermittent clicking, rattling, or popping sounds heard during inhalation when air is forced through an airway narrowed by fluid
empathy
The ability to understand and share the feelings of another person
platelets
The cell fragments that assist with clotting
HDL
Type of lipoprotein responsible for removing excess cholesterol from the blood stream and transporting it to the liver.
LDL
Type of lipoprotein responsible for transporting cholesterol to the cells.
registered nurse
a licensed health care professional who works in a variety of health care settings
HIPPA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)
a set of US national standards that protect an individuals privacy rights related to their personal medical information
primary care physician
a specialist physician trained to work in the front line of a healthcare system and provide care for any health problems that a patient might have
pediatrician
a specialist physician who provides medical care to infants, children, and adolescents
medical student
a student enrolled at a medical school, who is training to become a physician
referrals
a written request for medical services, describe the services the patient is to receive
licensed practical nurse
administers medications and gives treatment can supervise nursing assistants
oxygen saturation
amount of oxygen in the blood, measured as a percentage with pulse oximeter
Nurse Practioner (NP)
are prepared to provide direct client care in primary care settings, focusing on health promotion, illness prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of common health problems