BIOMEDICINE: Blood Quiz (Miscellaneous)

Which of the following WBCs contains granules filled with chemicals involved in the inflammatory process? a. Basophils b. Lymphocytes c. Platelets d. Neutrophils

a. Basophils

The shape of a red blood cell can best be described as _____________. One advantage of that shape is that _______________________. a. Biconcave: it makes the red blood cell more flexible. b. Spherical: it allows the red blood cell to maximize its organelle content. c. Biconcave: it compresses the red blood cell's nucleus to allow for more frequent DNA transcription. d. Stellate: it increases the red blood cell's surface area.

a. Biconcave: it makes the red blood cell more flexible.

Which of the following is LEAST involved in the normal coagulation process? a. Calcium chelators b. Vitamin K c. Prothrombin activator d. Calcium

a. Calcium chelators

Bilirubin is formed from: a. Heme b. Globin c. Transferrin d. Gastroferritin

a. Heme

In the liver, iron can be stored as: a. Hemosiderin.​ b. Bilirubin. c. Stercobilin. d. Transferrin.

a. Hemosiderin.​

Which of the following would cause a rise in plasma bilirubin levels? a. Inability to secrete bile b. Excessive destruction of white blood cells c. The presence of vitamin K producing bacteria in the colon d. Deficiency of EPO

a. Inability to secrete bile

If an individual's intact endothelial cells were unable to secrete prostacyclin, his platelet plugs would most likely be: a. Larger than normal b. Smaller than normal c. Still normal d. Composed primarily of leukocytes

a. Larger than normal

Which of the following is NOT a site of erythropoiesis in the adult male? a. Liver b. Proximal epiphysis of the humerus c. Sternum d. Ribs e. Proximal epiphysis of the femur

a. Liver

Which of the following can retard coagulation? a. Low platelet count, Aspirin, Liver disease, Lack of dietary or enteric vitamin K b. Low platelet count, Aspirin, Liver disease c. Low platelet count, Aspirin, Lack of dietary or enteric vitamin K d. Aspirin, Liver disease, Lack of dietary or enteric vitamin K

a. Low platelet count, Aspirin, Liver disease, Lack of dietary or enteric vitamin K

Which of the following is TRUE? a. Neutrophils are referred to as polymorphonuclear leukocytes. b. All monocytes within the bloodstream are referred to as macrophages. c. Normally there are less than one thousand lymphocytes in the body. d. When stained with Wright's stain, eosinophils contain characteristic dark purple granules.

a. Neutrophils are referred to as polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

_______ is produced quickly by the _______ clotting mechanism and slowly by the __________ clotting mechanism. a. Prothrombin activator - extrinsic - intrinsic b. Prothrombin activator - intrinsic - extrinsic c. Thrombin - extrinsic - intrinsic d. Thrombin - intrinsic - extrinsic

a. Prothrombin activator - extrinsic - intrinsic

Which of the following indicates the relative number of formed elements in a microliter of blood? a. RBCs > WBCs > Platelets b. RBCs > Platelets > WBCs c. WBCs > Platelets > RBCs d. Platelets > RBCs > WBCs

a. RBCs > WBCs > Platelets

Which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. The most abundant variety of circulating white blood cells are the lymphocytes. b. Bilirubin is transported to the liver by albumin. c. Iron is transported to the liver by transferrin. d. Each hemoglobin contains 4 heme groups

a. The most abundant variety of circulating white blood cells are the lymphocytes.

A blocked bile duct would cause plasma levels of bilirubin to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

A decrease in white blood cell count would cause the likelihood of an infection to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

A mismatched transfusion of Type AB blood into an individual with Type O blood would make plasma [bilirubin]: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

A reduced ability to produce thrombin would cause the time required for blood clot formation to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

An inability of the liver to secrete bile could cause plasma bilirubin levels to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

An increase in plasma levels of EPO would cause RBC count to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

An increase in plasma levels of erythropoietin will cause blood viscosity to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

As body temperature increases, the amount of blood flowing to capillaries in the skin will: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

As plasma osmotic pressure decreases, interstitial fluid formation will: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

As the percentage of whole blood occupied by plasma decreases, blood viscosity will: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

As the rate of red blood cell destruction increases, plasma [bilirubin] will: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

Calcium chelators cause blood clotting time to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

Dehydration would cause the hematocrit to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

During a severe allergic reaction, the number of eosinophils in the body would: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

During an infection the size of the buffy coat will: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

During the body's response to an acute bacterial infection, you would expect the neutrophil count to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

If plasmin was activated prior to clot formation, the time it takes for clot formation to occur would: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

In response to a decrease in blood oxygen content, plasma levels of erythropoietin would: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

In response to a significant increase in altitude, the body's production of erythropoietin will: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

In response to damage to the wall of a blood vessel, the level of contraction of that blood vessel's smooth muscle will: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

In response to infection, plasma leukocyte count would be expected to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

Infection with a parasitic fluke would cause the number of granulocytes in the body to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

Pooling of blood causes the likelihood of clot formation to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

a. increase

Leukocytes: a. Are also known as lymphocytes and function in immunity b. Are capable of moving toward chemicals released by pathogens c. Are normally found in blood at a count of 5,000-10,000 per 10mL of blood d. Are formed in the red bone marrow from stem cells known as erythroblasts

b. Are capable of moving toward chemicals released by pathogens

Which of the following contains granules filled with histamine and heparin? a. Erythrocyte b. Basophil c. Eosinophil d. Thrombocyte

b. Basophil

Which WBC is NOT correctly matched with its function? a. Eosinophils → destroy parasitic worms b. Basophils → leave the bloodstream and become macrophages c. T lymphocytes → attack virus-infected cells d. Neutrophils → involved in bacterial infections

b. Basophils → leave the bloodstream and become macrophages

A typical RBC: a. Lives for 120 days and then divides to yield 2 new RBCs b. Could eventually be engulfed by a macrophage in the spleen c. Lacks organelles but contains a polymorphic nucleus d. Has a spherical shape, which helps minimize available surface area

b. Could eventually be engulfed by a macrophage in the spleen

Which of the following is TRUE? a. Leukopenia is normal during a modest bacterial infection b. During leukemia, platelet and erythrocyte counts can decrease c. Platelet plug formation is a negative feedback process d. Prothrombin activator converts thrombin into plasmin

b. During leukemia, platelet and erythrocyte counts can decrease

Which of the following would be the greatest source of blood viscosity? a. Basophils b. Erythrocytes c. Reticulocytes d. Thrombocytes

b. Erythrocytes

Which of the following events associated with coagulation occurs LAST? a. Clot retraction b. Fibrinolysis c. Formation of fibrin d. Formation of prothrombin activator e. Formation of thrombin

b. Fibrinolysis

Which of the following is T​RUE?​ a. Platelets are also referred to as thrombocytes and are primarily synthesized in the liver. b. Platelets are fragments of cells known as megakaryocytes and they persist in the circulation for 10-12 days. c. A differential WBC count determines the % of blood occupied by leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets. d. Leukopenia, an abnormally high WBC count, is often caused by anticancer drugs.

b. Platelets are fragments of cells known as megakaryocytes and they persist in the circulation for 10-12 days.

The movement of white blood cells towards a chemical known as LPS would be an example of ________________________. a. Diapedesis b. Positive chemotaxis c. Amoebeosis d. Amphoteris

b. Positive chemotaxis

Which of the following is NOT correctly matched with its function? a. Albumin - maintains plasma osmotic pressure b. Transferrin - transports heme within the plasma c. Hemoglobin - transports oxygen d. Thrombin - involved in fibrin production e. Ferritin - storage of iron in the liver

b. Transferrin - transports heme within the plasma

Which of the following is TRUE? a. A massive increase in blood viscosity would cause the efficiency of blood flow to increase. b. Under conditions of low O​2 ​sickle-cell hemoglobin becomes spiky and sharp and the red blood cells acquire a crescent shape. c. Surgical removal of the stomach could NOT cause anemia. d. No product of bilirubin breakdown is excreted in the feces.

b. Under conditions of low O​2 ​sickle-cell hemoglobin becomes spiky and sharp and the red blood cells acquire a crescent shape.

A decline in plasma albumin levels would cause plasma osmotic pressure to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

A decrease in intrinsic factor production would cause the blood's oxygen carrying capacity to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

A large decrease in RBC count would cause blood viscosity to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

As erythropoiesis continues, the number of organelles in a developing RBC will: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

As erythropoietin secretion from the kidneys decreases, hematocrit will: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

As liver function decreases, the ability of the body to form fibrin would most likely: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

As plasma [thrombin] increases, plasma [fibrinogen] will: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

As the percentage of blood occupied by plasma increases, blood viscosity will: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

Aspirin causes the likelihood of platelet activation to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

Daily injections of erythropoietin will make the percentage of blood occupied by plasma: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

During leukopenia the body's ability to prevent bacterial infection will: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

During the vascular spasm phase of hemostasis, the diameter of the affected blood vessel will: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

If the liver was unable to produce normal quantities of plasma proteins, plasma osmotic pressure would: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

Large doses of antibiotics would cause the ability of the body to form thrombin to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

Plasmin causes plasma fibrin levels to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

Prostacyclin causes the likelihood of platelet plug formation to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

The activation of plasminogen will cause the size of a blood clot to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

Urokinase is an enzyme that activates plasminogen. Thus, urokinase causes the likelihood of clot formation to: a. increase b. decrease c. stays the same

b. decrease

What is the correct order of the steps of coagulation? 1. Fibrinolysis 2. Prothrombin activator is formed 3. Subendothelial collagen is exposed 4. Thrombin is formed from prothrombin 5. Fibrinogen is converted to fibrin a. 1-3-4-2-5 b. 3-1-4-2-5 c. 3-2-4-5-1 d. 3-4-2-5-1 e. 3-2-4-1-5

c. 3-2-4-5-1

Which of the following is TRUE? a. T lymphocytes are an example of a polymorphonuclear leukocyte. b. A normal plasma volume for a male is 5L. c. Aplastic anemia is caused by destruction of red bone marrow. d. A decreased number of functioning platelets is known as thrombosis.

c. Aplastic anemia is caused by destruction of red bone marrow.

What metal ion is essential to virtually all stages of coagulation? a. Sodium b. Cadmium c. Calcium d. Strontium

c. Calcium

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood? a. Carbon dioxide transport b. Maintaining electrolyte balance in the body c. Heat production d. Transport of immune proteins

c. Heat production

Erythropoiesis: a. Occurs in the yellow bone marrow b. Is stimulated only by the hormone thrombopoietin c. Includes cells known as hemocytoblasts, reticulocytes, and erythrocytes d. Is always stimulated when blood oxygen content is increased

c. Includes cells known as hemocytoblasts, reticulocytes, and erythrocytes

Platelet plug formation: a. Is primarily a negative feedback process b. Usually occurs after fibrinolysis c. Is restricted to the site of injury by prostacyclin released by intact cells d. Provides a permanent repair to a tear in a blood vessel wall

c. Is restricted to the site of injury by prostacyclin released by intact cells

Which of the following does N​OT ​belong? a. Plasma proteins b. Albumin c. Liver d. Fibrinogen e. Calcium

c. Liver

Which of the following is the 5​th most abundant FORMED ELEMENT in the blood? a. Eosinophils b. Lymphocytes c. Monocytes d. Platelets

c. Monocytes

Which of the following is TRUE? a. Blood is an example of a specialized epithelial tissue b. Neutrophils and eosinophils are n​ot​formed elements c. Normal blood pH is basic d. Blood temperature is typically 18°C lower than core body temperature

c. Normal blood pH is basic

In a condition known as disseminated intravascular coagulation, bacterial toxins activate thrombin. This would most likely cause: a. Production of prothrombin activator b. Conversion of thrombin to prothrombin c. Production of fibrin d. Production of a platelet plug

c. Production of fibrin

Which of the following is TRUE? a. RBCs are the only formed elements made within the red bone marrow. b. 50% of RBCs began as hemocytoblasts. c. Reticulocytes account for 1-2% of all RBCs in healthy blood. d. As EPO synthesis increases, the rate of RBC production will decrease.

c. Reticulocytes account for 1-2% of all RBCs in healthy blood.

Which of the following is TRUE of leukocytes? a. They account for 9-10% of total plasma volume b. They are not all produced in the red bone marrow c. They are capable of diapedesis, which is the process by which they leave the bloodstream d. All of the above

c. They are capable of diapedesis, which is the process by which they leave the bloodstream

Which of the following shuttles iron to the liver? a. Albumin b. Stercobilin c. Transferrin d. Ferritin

c. Transferrin

Which of the following is characteristic of plasma? a. 5 times as viscous as H​2O​ b. Scarlet to dark red in color c. Volume of 5-6L in males d. 90% water

d. 90% water

Which of the following is TRUE? a. Basophils and lymphocytes are both granulocytes b. Neutrophils and monocytes are both agranulocytes c. All leukocytes are granulocytes d. All agranulocytes are leukocytes

d. All agranulocytes are leukocytes

Which of the following occurs in the red bone marrow? a. Erythropoiesis b. Leukopoiesis c. Thrombopoiesis d. All of the above

d. All of the above

Monocytes and basophils: a. Are both granulocytes b. Are both agranulocytes c. Are the 2 least common WBCs in the blood d. Are both capable of diapedesis

d. Are both capable of diapedesis

Which of the following is TRUE of blood? a. Blood pH is usually between 7.75 and 7.85. b. The human body contains a total of 4-6 milliliters of blood. c. Blood is a specialized type of epithelial tissue. d. Blood consists of formed elements and plasma.

d. Blood consists of formed elements and plasma.

Which of the following components of plasma functions by preventing pH change? a. Electrolytes such as K+ b. Nutrients such as glucose c. Wastes such as lactic acid d. Buffers such as bicarbonate

d. Buffers such as bicarbonate

A deficiency in _________ could cause clotting problems, while a deficiency in ________ could cause anemia. a. Iron: Cobalt b. Calcium: Ferrenium c. Copper: Manganese d. Calcium: Iron

d. Calcium: Iron

Hemoglobin: a. Transports oxygen but not carbon dioxide b. Is contained within the nucleus of the mature RBC c. Contains no metals d. Can bind both oxygen and carbon monoxide

d. Can bind both oxygen and carbon monoxide

Hematocrit: a. Would be expected to decrease in polycythemia b. Would be expected to increase due to hemolytic anemia c. Is typically between 28% and 48% in normal adult males d. Could be increased due to an increase in EPO release by the kidney

d. Could be increased due to an increase in EPO release by the kidney

Which of the following is NOT TRUE? a. Platelet plug formation is a positive feedback process. b. An increase in plasma levels of thrombin will cause an increase in plasma levels of fibrin. c. Prostacyclin acts to inhibit platelet plug formation. d. Fibrinogen is primarily produced by the kidneys

d. Fibrinogen is primarily produced by the kidneys

Red blood cells: a. Are about 7.5mm in diameter and biconcave b. Function primarily in maintenance of interstitial fluid osmotic pressure c. Contain more organelles than the normal muscle cell d. Function in oxygen and carbon dioxide transport

d. Function in oxygen and carbon dioxide transport

Plasma cells and macrophages are ultimately derived from: a. Lymphocytes b. B lymphocytes c. Macrophages d. Hemocytoblasts

d. Hemocytoblasts

Which of the following leukocytes exerts the most control over the immune system? a. Neutrophils b. Basophils c. Granulocytes d. Lymphocytes

d. Lymphocytes

Which of the following is the LARGEST? a. Number of nuclei in a red blood cell. b. Normal percentage of WBCs in the blood that are neutrophils c. Number of iron atoms in one hemoglobin protein. d. Normal temperature of blood in degrees Fahrenheit.

d. Normal temperature of blood in degrees Fahrenheit.

The smallest formed element is the: a. RBC b. Lymphocyte c. Macrophage d. Platelet

d. Platelet

The majority of RBC destruction occurs in the: a. Liver b. Kidney c. Pancreas d. Spleen

d. Spleen

Which of the following is TRUE? a. Oxyhemoglobin is more likely to be found in the superior vena cava than in the aorta b. Deoxyhemoglobin is more likely to be found in the aorta than in the superior vena cava c. Each molecule of hemoglobin can transport 1 molecule of oxygen d. The binding of hemoglobin to oxygen is reversible

d. The binding of hemoglobin to oxygen is reversible

All of the following are TRUE of RBCs EXCEPT: a. They do not contain a nucleus. b. They are shaped like a biconcave disk. c. They contain hemoglobin d. They function primarily in transport of CO​2.​

d. They function primarily in transport of CO​2.​

All of the following are PRODUCTS of RBC recycling/disposal EXCEPT: a. Iron b. Amino acids c. Bilirubin d. Transferrin

d. Transferrin

Which of the following is a function of blood? a. Nutrient transport b. Heat transport c. Maintaining body temperature d. Immunity e. All of the above

e. All of the above

All of the following are plasma proteins EXCEPT: a. Albumin b. Prothrombin c. Fibrinogen d. Antibodies e. All of the above ARE plasma proteins.

e. All of the above ARE plasma proteins.

Which of the following is a function of blood? a. Gas transport b. Hormone transport c. Heat transport d. Hormone transport and Heat transport e. Gas transport, Hormone transport, Heat transport

e. Gas transport, Hormone transport, Heat transport