BIOPSY CHAP 9
A drug that stimulates melanocortin receptors would most likely ____.
decrease meal size
The lateral preoptic area and surrounding parts of the hypothalamus control ___
drinking
The lateral preoptic area and surrounding parts of the hypothalamus control ____.
drinking
Vasopressin and angiotensin II are similar in that they both promote ____.
increase blood pressure
A fever ____
is part of the body's defense against an illness
What is the main site for absorption of digested food into the bloodstream?
small intestine
Ghrelin is associated with ____ in the periphery and ____ in the brain.
stomach contractions; excitation of the arcuate nucleus
Hal is experiencing osmotic thirst. He should drink pure water.
true
Homeostasis refers to temperature regulation and other biological processes that keep body variables within a fixed range.
true
Ivette has been diagnosed with Anorexia nervosa. Her doctors have decided to try a new treatment to address her weight loss itself. They start out by having Ivette _____.
wearing warm clothing or staying in a warm room
What evidence exists that the preoptic area controls body temperature?
Heating or cooling the preoptic area leads to sweating or shivering.
Which event would lead to eating a larger than normal meal?
Increasing NPY levels
Why do both high levels and very low levels of insulin lead to increased eating?
Little glucose is reaching the cells to be used as fuel
The brain finds out about the degree of stretch of the stomach from ____
activity of the vagus nerve
The brain can anticipate an osmotic need before the rest of the body actually experiences it ____
because the stomach can detect high levels of sodium
How do adult mammals with damage to the preoptic area regulate their body temperature?
behaviorally
An advantage of maintaining a constant body temperature is that it ____
enables an animal to stay equally active at all environmental temperatures
Paz just ate some salty popcorn. Now she is experiencing an increase in the concentration of sodium in her _____
extracellular fluid
Paige wants to lose weight. The most effective long-term plan is for her to limit her intake of sweet foods.
false
The POA/AH monitors body temperature partly by monitoring ___
its own temperature
The ____ increases the pituitary gland's secretion of hormones that increase insulin secretion.
lateral hypothalamus
The temperature required by reproductive cells of birds and most mammals is ____
lower than the rest of the body
Professor Lainez explains to her class that humans will spend more energy _______, than everything else combined.
maintaining basal metabolism
The esophagus brings food from the ____.
mouth and stomach
What kind of thirst is produced by an increased concentration of solutes in the blood?
osmotic
The tendency of water to flow across a semipermeable membrane from the area of low solute concentration to the area of higher concentration is termed ____
osmotic pressure
For most obese individuals, giving them leptin would ____.
produce little effect
Beyond about 40°C or 41°C, ____ begin to break their bonds and lose their useful properties.
proteins
Most mammals at about the age of weaning lose the intestinal enzyme lactase.
true
A common misconception is that eating turkey increases the body's supply of ____, which enables the brain to make chemicals that make you sleepy.
tryptophan
Luigi got a deep cut on his foot and started losing a lot of blood. To compensate, his body released ____ to _____ his blood pressure while he was waiting for help to arrive.
vasopressin; increase
Tammi has a pet lizard. How does her lizard maintain a proper body temperature?
By choosing an appropriate area of the cage (e.g., heat rock)
When food distends the duodenum, the duodenum releases which hormone?
CCK
Professor Roesch is lecturing about myths and truths regarding food consumption. She tells her class that _____.
a diet high in seafood might be beneficial for the brain
The brain gets part of its information regarding low osmotic pressure from ____
receptors around the third ventricle
A combination of the hormones aldosterone and angiotensin II leads to an increase in preference for ____ tastes.
salty
The increasing prevalence of obesity obviously relates to the increased availability of our diet and ____.
sedentary lifestyle