BIOPSY CHAP 9

A drug that stimulates melanocortin receptors would most likely ____.

decrease meal size

The lateral preoptic area and surrounding parts of the hypothalamus control ___

drinking

The lateral preoptic area and surrounding parts of the hypothalamus control ____.

drinking

Vasopressin and angiotensin II are similar in that they both promote ____.

increase blood pressure

A fever ____

is part of the body's defense against an illness

What is the main site for absorption of digested food into the bloodstream?

small intestine

Ghrelin is associated with ____ in the periphery and ____ in the brain.

stomach contractions; excitation of the arcuate nucleus

Hal is experiencing osmotic thirst. He should drink pure water.

true

Homeostasis refers to temperature regulation and other biological processes that keep body variables within a fixed range.

true

Ivette has been diagnosed with Anorexia nervosa. Her doctors have decided to try a new treatment to address her weight loss itself. They start out by having Ivette _____.

wearing warm clothing or staying in a warm room

What evidence exists that the preoptic area controls body temperature?

Heating or cooling the preoptic area leads to sweating or shivering.

Which event would lead to eating a larger than normal meal?

Increasing NPY levels

Why do both high levels and very low levels of insulin lead to increased eating?

Little glucose is reaching the cells to be used as fuel

The brain finds out about the degree of stretch of the stomach from ____

activity of the vagus nerve

The brain can anticipate an osmotic need before the rest of the body actually experiences it ____

because the stomach can detect high levels of sodium

How do adult mammals with damage to the preoptic area regulate their body temperature?

behaviorally

An advantage of maintaining a constant body temperature is that it ____

enables an animal to stay equally active at all environmental temperatures

Paz just ate some salty popcorn. Now she is experiencing an increase in the concentration of sodium in her _____

extracellular fluid

Paige wants to lose weight. The most effective long-term plan is for her to limit her intake of sweet foods.

false

The POA/AH monitors body temperature partly by monitoring ___

its own temperature

The ____ increases the pituitary gland's secretion of hormones that increase insulin secretion.

lateral hypothalamus

The temperature required by reproductive cells of birds and most mammals is ____

lower than the rest of the body

Professor Lainez explains to her class that humans will spend more energy _______, than everything else combined.

maintaining basal metabolism

The esophagus brings food from the ____.

mouth and stomach

What kind of thirst is produced by an increased concentration of solutes in the blood?

osmotic

The tendency of water to flow across a semipermeable membrane from the area of low solute concentration to the area of higher concentration is termed ____

osmotic pressure

For most obese individuals, giving them leptin would ____.

produce little effect

Beyond about 40°C or 41°C, ____ begin to break their bonds and lose their useful properties.

proteins

Most mammals at about the age of weaning lose the intestinal enzyme lactase.

true

A common misconception is that eating turkey increases the body's supply of ____, which enables the brain to make chemicals that make you sleepy.

tryptophan

Luigi got a deep cut on his foot and started losing a lot of blood. To compensate, his body released ____ to _____ his blood pressure while he was waiting for help to arrive.

vasopressin; increase

Tammi has a pet lizard. How does her lizard maintain a proper body temperature?

By choosing an appropriate area of the cage (e.g., heat rock)

When food distends the duodenum, the duodenum releases which hormone?

CCK

Professor Roesch is lecturing about myths and truths regarding food consumption. She tells her class that _____.

a diet high in seafood might be beneficial for the brain

The brain gets part of its information regarding low osmotic pressure from ____

receptors around the third ventricle

A combination of the hormones aldosterone and angiotensin II leads to an increase in preference for ____ tastes.

salty

The increasing prevalence of obesity obviously relates to the increased availability of our diet and ____.

sedentary lifestyle