BJU Science 6 Chapter 6

liverworts

-grows in moist places -leaves are on stemlike structures - has liver shaped leaves

ferns

-vasuclar plant - needs mointure - found by streams and waterfalls or wooded areas - rhizoids - has fronds & fiddleheads

taproot

a root that grows straight down, may have secondary roots branching off

fiddlehead

a tightly coiled frond

perennial

an angiosperm that lives for 3 or more years

annual

an angiosperm that lives for one growing season

biennial

an angiosperm that needs two growing seasons to fully develope

cambium

cells in between zylem and phloem. divide and reporduce to make more zylem and phloem, allowing the tree to grow wider each year.

dicotyledones/dicot

have 2 cotyledones in their seeds - tubelike structure are arranged in shape of a ring -woody stems which thicken each year -leaves are brood and flat -leaves have a network of veins -flower has 4 to 5 petals or multiples of 4 to 5

monocotyledons/monocots

have only one cotyledon intheir seeds - tubelike structures are not arranged in any particular order -stems do not thicken each year -most are small with soft green stems - long narrow leaves with parallel veins - large and attradctive flowers

primary root

the first root that emerges from a seed

fronds

the leafy branches of a fern

fibrous root

the primary root stops growing and the plant develops many thin roots that spread out in all directions. The thin roots divide and divide again. These roots help to anchor the plant and prevent erosion.

cotyledons

the tiny seed leaves of the plant embryo.... stores the food for angiosperms

rhizoid

thin, rootlike structure

angiosperm

vascular plants that have flowers and their seeds are protected by fruit

gymnosperm

plant that does not have flowers, seeds are produced inside cones

nonvascular plants

plants that do not have a tublike structure for water transportation

vascular plants

plants which have a tublike structure that transport water from the roots to the stems and leaves

resin

sticky substance that comes out of a cut tree

rhizomes

tall, hollow, jointed stems

conifer

tall, straight trees (sometimes woody shrubs) needlelike or scalelike evergreen make food all year long

herbaceous stems

soft and green stems

moss

- nonvascular plant, - grows in groups and spreads over large areas, - can grow on rocks, - has rhizoids -one of 1st plants to grow after a valcano

horsetails

-a vascular plant, - seedless -has rhizomes - has needlelike brances that grow in a circle around each joint (some of these plants do not have brances)

club mosses

look like small evergreen trees and are often called ground pines

phloem

tubes carrying sugar and food throughout the plant

xylem

tubes that carry water and minerals from the roots to the top of plants