BJU Science 6 Chapter 6
liverworts
-grows in moist places -leaves are on stemlike structures - has liver shaped leaves
ferns
-vasuclar plant - needs mointure - found by streams and waterfalls or wooded areas - rhizoids - has fronds & fiddleheads
taproot
a root that grows straight down, may have secondary roots branching off
fiddlehead
a tightly coiled frond
perennial
an angiosperm that lives for 3 or more years
annual
an angiosperm that lives for one growing season
biennial
an angiosperm that needs two growing seasons to fully develope
cambium
cells in between zylem and phloem. divide and reporduce to make more zylem and phloem, allowing the tree to grow wider each year.
dicotyledones/dicot
have 2 cotyledones in their seeds - tubelike structure are arranged in shape of a ring -woody stems which thicken each year -leaves are brood and flat -leaves have a network of veins -flower has 4 to 5 petals or multiples of 4 to 5
monocotyledons/monocots
have only one cotyledon intheir seeds - tubelike structures are not arranged in any particular order -stems do not thicken each year -most are small with soft green stems - long narrow leaves with parallel veins - large and attradctive flowers
primary root
the first root that emerges from a seed
fronds
the leafy branches of a fern
fibrous root
the primary root stops growing and the plant develops many thin roots that spread out in all directions. The thin roots divide and divide again. These roots help to anchor the plant and prevent erosion.
cotyledons
the tiny seed leaves of the plant embryo.... stores the food for angiosperms
rhizoid
thin, rootlike structure
angiosperm
vascular plants that have flowers and their seeds are protected by fruit
gymnosperm
plant that does not have flowers, seeds are produced inside cones
nonvascular plants
plants that do not have a tublike structure for water transportation
vascular plants
plants which have a tublike structure that transport water from the roots to the stems and leaves
resin
sticky substance that comes out of a cut tree
rhizomes
tall, hollow, jointed stems
conifer
tall, straight trees (sometimes woody shrubs) needlelike or scalelike evergreen make food all year long
herbaceous stems
soft and green stems
moss
- nonvascular plant, - grows in groups and spreads over large areas, - can grow on rocks, - has rhizoids -one of 1st plants to grow after a valcano
horsetails
-a vascular plant, - seedless -has rhizomes - has needlelike brances that grow in a circle around each joint (some of these plants do not have brances)
club mosses
look like small evergreen trees and are often called ground pines
phloem
tubes carrying sugar and food throughout the plant
xylem
tubes that carry water and minerals from the roots to the top of plants