Blood-Higher Ed questions

Other than water, the most common component of plasma is

Protein

Which of the following is true for an individual with anti-A antibodies in the plasma?

The individual is blood type B

Which statement about hemostasis is NOT correct?

The intrinsic mechanism occurs in response to tissue damage.

Hemophilia is caused by

a deficiency of any clotting factor

Damaged red blood cells are phagocytized by macrophages in the spleen or liver and their components are recycled, EXCEPT for the

heme group (minus the iron atom), which is converted into a green pigment called biliverdin

What would you suspect to find if someone has high blood erythropoietin levels?

a high red blood cell count

A dietary deficiency of iron could cause

a low red blood cell count

Which describes anemia?

a reduction in oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood

In a red blood cell, carbon dioxide is attached to the

amino acids of the Globin

A person with a vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency would probably also have

anemia

In adults, red blood cells are made in one place, spend most of their lifespan in another, and most are finally destroyed in yet another place. Which choice lists these locations in chronological order?

bone marrow; blood vessels; spleen

Blood test results for an adult male are returned and the total red blood cell count is 2,500,000 cells per mm3. This person

has an abnormally low total red blood cell count

If someone has no megakaryocytes, he/she will

have a reduced ability to prevent blood loss

A person's blood type is determined by

mixing the blood with different antibodies to see which ones cause the red blood cells to agglutinate

In which choice are the leukocytes correctly arranged in order from most common to least common?

neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils

A blood transfusion reaction will

occur when plasma antibodies contact red blood cells carrying the antigen with which they react

If you have some blood from which the formed elements have been removed, how can you tell if it is plasma or serum?

plasma contains clotting proteins; serum does not

For a person whose hematocrit is 45%,

plasma volume would be 55% of total blood volume

In which choice are the formed elements arranged in order of increasing size?

platelet, red blood cell, neutrophil

Which blood component is NOT correctly matched with its function?

platelets - phagocytize bacteria

An overdose of erythropoietin would cause

polycythemia

Which of these blood components is NOT involved in clotting?

potassium

Which problem could NOT be caused by a deficiency of plasma proteins?

reduced ability to transport oxygen

Which of these diseases involves a problem with the red blood cells?

sickle-cell anemia

the average blood volume for an adult is about

5L

What percentage of body weight is blood?

8%

Which statement concerning blood viscosity is correct?

Anemia increases blood viscosity.

The antibodies that circulate in the plasma are made by

B lymphocytes, which are part of the immune system

The percentage of whole blood volume occupied by the red blood cells is the

Hematocit

Which leukocyte is NOT correctly matched with its description?

basophil - typical kidney-shaped nucleus, largest white blood cell

Blood cells all develop from a common stem cell in bone marrow, but early in development they split into separate lineages. Which three of these cells develop from the myeloblast lineage?

basophil, eosinophil, neutrophil

Which type of leukocyte is correctly matched with its function?

basophils - release histamine in areas of damaged tissue

As red blood cells get older, they

become more fragile

The benefit of the biconcave shape of red blood cells is that it

decreases the distance between the cell membrane and hemoglobin molecules, facilitating oxygen uptake

Type O is considered to be universal

donor because it has neither antigen A nor antigen B on its RBCs

Which hormone stimulates red blood cell formation?

erythropoietin

Joe had to have both of his kidneys removed and is now kept alive only by dialysis machines that remove waste molecules from his blood and adjust electrolyte levels. Because Joe has no remaining kidney tissue, he may also need

erythropoietin to stimulate RBC production

Antibodies to blood type A or B antigens are

formed when antigen A is absent from the red blood cell membranes

Erythropoietin is produced by

kidneys

Which condition would stimulate erythropoietin secretion?

low blood oxygen level

Which is NOT correct about RBC recycling?

the entire heme molecule is eliminated by the liver

The term "hematopoiesis" refers to

the process of blood cell formation

Red blood cells do not use any of the oxygen that they carry, because

they lack miochondria to use oxygen for aerobic respiration

Blood help to maintain homeostasis

transporting materials between the tissue fluid and the external environments