Blood-Higher Ed questions
Other than water, the most common component of plasma is
Protein
Which of the following is true for an individual with anti-A antibodies in the plasma?
The individual is blood type B
Which statement about hemostasis is NOT correct?
The intrinsic mechanism occurs in response to tissue damage.
Hemophilia is caused by
a deficiency of any clotting factor
Damaged red blood cells are phagocytized by macrophages in the spleen or liver and their components are recycled, EXCEPT for the
heme group (minus the iron atom), which is converted into a green pigment called biliverdin
What would you suspect to find if someone has high blood erythropoietin levels?
a high red blood cell count
A dietary deficiency of iron could cause
a low red blood cell count
Which describes anemia?
a reduction in oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood
In a red blood cell, carbon dioxide is attached to the
amino acids of the Globin
A person with a vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency would probably also have
anemia
In adults, red blood cells are made in one place, spend most of their lifespan in another, and most are finally destroyed in yet another place. Which choice lists these locations in chronological order?
bone marrow; blood vessels; spleen
Blood test results for an adult male are returned and the total red blood cell count is 2,500,000 cells per mm3. This person
has an abnormally low total red blood cell count
If someone has no megakaryocytes, he/she will
have a reduced ability to prevent blood loss
A person's blood type is determined by
mixing the blood with different antibodies to see which ones cause the red blood cells to agglutinate
In which choice are the leukocytes correctly arranged in order from most common to least common?
neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils
A blood transfusion reaction will
occur when plasma antibodies contact red blood cells carrying the antigen with which they react
If you have some blood from which the formed elements have been removed, how can you tell if it is plasma or serum?
plasma contains clotting proteins; serum does not
For a person whose hematocrit is 45%,
plasma volume would be 55% of total blood volume
In which choice are the formed elements arranged in order of increasing size?
platelet, red blood cell, neutrophil
Which blood component is NOT correctly matched with its function?
platelets - phagocytize bacteria
An overdose of erythropoietin would cause
polycythemia
Which of these blood components is NOT involved in clotting?
potassium
Which problem could NOT be caused by a deficiency of plasma proteins?
reduced ability to transport oxygen
Which of these diseases involves a problem with the red blood cells?
sickle-cell anemia
the average blood volume for an adult is about
5L
What percentage of body weight is blood?
8%
Which statement concerning blood viscosity is correct?
Anemia increases blood viscosity.
The antibodies that circulate in the plasma are made by
B lymphocytes, which are part of the immune system
The percentage of whole blood volume occupied by the red blood cells is the
Hematocit
Which leukocyte is NOT correctly matched with its description?
basophil - typical kidney-shaped nucleus, largest white blood cell
Blood cells all develop from a common stem cell in bone marrow, but early in development they split into separate lineages. Which three of these cells develop from the myeloblast lineage?
basophil, eosinophil, neutrophil
Which type of leukocyte is correctly matched with its function?
basophils - release histamine in areas of damaged tissue
As red blood cells get older, they
become more fragile
The benefit of the biconcave shape of red blood cells is that it
decreases the distance between the cell membrane and hemoglobin molecules, facilitating oxygen uptake
Type O is considered to be universal
donor because it has neither antigen A nor antigen B on its RBCs
Which hormone stimulates red blood cell formation?
erythropoietin
Joe had to have both of his kidneys removed and is now kept alive only by dialysis machines that remove waste molecules from his blood and adjust electrolyte levels. Because Joe has no remaining kidney tissue, he may also need
erythropoietin to stimulate RBC production
Antibodies to blood type A or B antigens are
formed when antigen A is absent from the red blood cell membranes
Erythropoietin is produced by
kidneys
Which condition would stimulate erythropoietin secretion?
low blood oxygen level
Which is NOT correct about RBC recycling?
the entire heme molecule is eliminated by the liver
The term "hematopoiesis" refers to
the process of blood cell formation
Red blood cells do not use any of the oxygen that they carry, because
they lack miochondria to use oxygen for aerobic respiration
Blood help to maintain homeostasis
transporting materials between the tissue fluid and the external environments
