BLS CPR Test review
A middle-aged man collapses. You and a second rescuer go to the victim and find that he is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a pulse You and another rescuer begin CPR. After a few cycles, you notice the chest compression rate is slowing. What should you say to offer constructive feedback?
"You need to compress at a rate of 100 to 120 per minute."
How to use AED
1. Press the POWER ON button 2. bare the chest 3. shave/dry chest 4. connect cable to AED attach cables to electrode Continue compressions while charging. But clear patient when analyzing heart rhythm and shocking
A 9-year-old child has suddenly collapsed. After confirming that the scene is safe, a single rescuer determines that the child is in cardiac arrest, shouts for nearby help, and activates the emergency response system. He immediately begins performing high-quality CPR. Two additional rescuers arrive to assist in the resuscitation attempt. What actions should occur next, to support a team-based resuscitation attempt?
2 rescuers alternate giving high-quality chest compressions
What ratio for compressions to breaths should be used for a one rescuer infant CPR?
30 compressions to 2 breaths
What is agonal breathing or agonal gasps?
A person who gasps usually looks like they are drawing air very quickly, gasps may appear forceful or weak, Time may pass between gasps because they have been at a slow rate, sound like short snores. NOT normal sign of breathing and indicate cardiac arrest
Child choking procedure
Abdominal thrust while kneeling
Adult choking procedure
Abdominal thrust while standing
When should rescuers switch positions during two person CPR?
About every two minutes or five cycles or until AED arrives
How was the chain of survival different between an adult and a child/infant
Adult: Immediate RECOGNITION of cardiac arrest and ACTIVATION of emergency response system's, early CPR with emphasis on chest compressions, rapid DEFIBRILLATION with an AED, effective ADVANCED LIFE SUPPORT including rapid stabilization and transport to post cardiac arrest care, multidisciplinary POST CARDIAC ARREST CARE Child:PREVENTION of arrest, early high-quality BYSTANDER CPR, RAPID ACTIVATION of emergency response system, affective ADVANCED life support including rapid stabilization and transportation to post cardiac arrest care, integrated POST CARDIAC ARREST CARE
Chain of survival (CPR) on children
Age 1 to puberty, Two breaths and 30 compressions(single person), two breaths and 15 compressions(two people), check pulse: carotid artery and bronchial pulse
Chain of survival (CPR) on infants
Age: Less than one year of age, two breaths and 30 compressions(single person), two breaths and 15 compressions(two people), check pulse: brachial pulse
A 9-year-old child has suddenly collapsed. After confirming that the scene is safe, a single rescuer determines that the child is in cardiac arrest, shouts for nearby help, and activates the emergency response system. He immediately begins performing high-quality CPR. Two additional rescuers arrive to assist in the resuscitation attempt. Two rescuers begin high-quality CPR while the third rescuer leaves to get the AED. What action supports two rescuer CPR?
Alternating the compressor roll every two minutes
Infant choking procedure
Back slap and chest rest sitting at a kneeling position
You witness someone suddenly collapse. The person is unresponsive, you hear gasping sounds, and there is no pulse. What should you do next?
Begin CPR; the gasps are not normal breathing
How do you perform chest compressions when Providing high-quality CPR to a child victim?
By compressing the chest at least to 1/3 the depth of the chest, about 2 inches or 5 cm
What is the chain of survival and why is it important?
Chain of survival are steps taken when a patient has gone through cardiac arrest. It is important because it gives the victim the best chances of survival
What is chest recoil and why is it important?
Chest recoil is the expansion of the chest full chest recoil allows more blood to refill the heart between compressions
"The team function smoothly with all team members know their positions, functions, and tasks during a recess a resuscitation attempt." Match the statement with the most appropriate element of team dynamics listed
Clear roles and responsibilities
While performing high-quality CPR on an adult, what actions should you ensure is being accomplished?
Compressing to a depth of at least 2 inches
What is the rate and the depth and which compressions should be given?
Compression should be given at 100-120 per minute and at a depth of 2 inches
What are the elements of team dynamics
Compressor, AED monitor, defibrillator, airway, team leader, administered medications, time recorder
What do you do if the choking victim can cough forcefully?
Do not interfere with the victims on attempt to relieve The obstruction, but stay with the victim and monitor the condition
When performing CPR on an Unresponsive choking victim, what modifications should you incorporate?
Each time you open the airway, look for the obstructing object
A 53-year-old woman collapses while gardening. She is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a pulse. A neighbor, who is an emergency medical technician, rushes to her with an AED. After the AED pads are attached to the victims bare chest, the AED detects ventricular fibrillation. What is the next step when using an AED?
Follow the AED prompts
An eight month old infant is eating and suddenly begins to cough. The infant is unable to make any noise shortly after. You pick up the infant and shout for help. You have determined that the infant is responsive and choking with a severe airway obstruction. How do you relieve the airway obstruction?
Give sets of five slaps and five chest thrust
What are some special considerations when using an AED
Hairy chest, water, implants a defibrillators and pacemakers, trans dermal medication patches, and use personal protective equipment
Why is using an AED/defibrillator important?
Identify abnormal heart rhythm, deliver shock that can stop abnormal rhythm, and return heart to normal rhythm
Ventricular fibrillation
Irregular heart rhythm
Rapid defibrillation is a link in the adult Chain of Survival. Why is this important to survival?
It eliminates the abnormal heart rhythm
"members of the team know their boundaries and ask for help before the resuscitation attempt worsens." Match the statement with the most appropriate element of team dynamics listed
Knowing your limitations
How can rescuers make sure that they are giving effective breaths with either a mask or a bag mask device?
Make sure that the chest will rise when giving effective breaths
What is important to consider when there is a team approach to perform CPR?
Notice when team members are beginning to become fatigued and switch positions when necessary
An eight month old infant is eating and suddenly begins to cough. The infant is unable to make any noise shortly after. You pick up the infant and shout for help. Which action do you perform to relieve choking in an unresponsive infant?
Perform CPR, and look in the mouth for the obstructing object
How do you help a pregnant woman or a very large person from choking?
Perform chest thrust instead of abdominal thrust
A middle-aged man collapses. You and a second rescuer go to the victim and find that he is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a pulse. Which action is most likely to positively impact this victim's survival?
Performing high-quality CPR
What should you do if you need to use an AED on someone who has been submerged in water?
Pull the victim out of the water, and wipe the chest
What do you do if your choking victim becomes unresponsive?
Shout for help, if someone else is available send that person to activate the emergency response system, gently lower victim to the ground if you see that they are becoming unresponsive, begin CPR starting with chest compressions do not check for a pulse
A victim with a foreign-body airway obstruction becomes unresponsive. What is your first course of action?
Start CPR beginning with chest compressions
What are the characteristics of high-quality CPR?
Start compressions within 10 seconds, push hard and fast, allow complete chest recoil, minimize interruptions, give affective breaths, avoid excessive ventilation
A 67-year-old man is found Unresponsive, not breathing, and without a pulse. You in and a second rescuer begin performing high-quality CPR. When should rescuers switch positions positions during CPR?
Switch rescuers about every 2 minutes
A 67-year-old man is found Unresponsive, not breathing, and without a pulse. You in and a second rescuer begin performing high-quality CPR. You notice the person giving chest compressions is not allowing for complete chest recoil. What is your next course of action?
Tell the compressor you notice decreased chest recoil
Why is the allowing complete chest recoil important when performing high-quality CPR?
The heart will adequately refill between compressions
A 53-year-old woman collapses while gardening. She is unresponsive, is not breathing, and does not have a pulse. A neighbor, who is an emergency medical technician, rushes to her with an AED. When the AED arrives, what is the first step for using it?
Turn on the AED
What are the recommendations on using an AED where water is a part of the situation?
When patient is in water, pull out. If chest is covered with water quickly wipe chest before AED pads attach if lying in a snow/small puddle use after quickly wiping chest
Chain of survival (CPR) on adults
age: Adolescence and older, two breaths and 30 compressions(single person),two breaths and 30 compressions(two people), check pulse: carotid artery