Botany Fruit Quiz!

fruits are produced only by _______ plants

flowering

endocarp

inner boundary around the seed, may be hard or papery

mesocarp

the fleshy tissue btwn the exocarp and endocarp

pericarp

the name given to all 3 regions of fruit

what is a fruit?

the ripened ovary of a flowering plant that contains seeds

exocarp

the skin of the fruit

pollination

the transfer of pollen to a stigma, ovule, flower to allow fertilization

what are dry fruits?

when the pericarp are dry at maturity

What occurs during fertilization of a flower?

a sperm cell in a pollen tube fuses w/ the egg cell of an ovule

Aggregate fruits

-fruits derived from a single flower w/ multiple ovaries (ex. raspberries, strawberries)

multiple fruits

-fruits derived from the ovaries of several to many individual flowers in a single inflorescence (ex. figs, pineapples)

5 main groups of fleshy fruits

1. berries 2. pepos 3. pomes 4. drupes 5. hesperidia

describe ea. of the fleshy fruits and provide an example:

1. berries (one to many seeds, ex. grapes, bananas) 2. pepos (berries with hard thick rinds, ex. pumpkins, watermelon) 3. hesperidia (a berry w/ leathery rind, ex. lime, lemon) 4. drupes (fleshy fruit w/ hard inner endocarp, ex. cherries, coconut) 5. pomes (fleshy fruit where the ovary is surronded by edible fleshy tissue, ex. pears, apples)

2 main groups of dry fruits?

1. dehiscent (many seeded, ex. peanuts) 2. indehiscent (single seeded, ex. dill)

Steps of Fruit Development

1. pollen is transfered to a flower 2. the stigma catches the pollen 3. a pollen tube grows down to the ovary 4. the pollen/sperm fertilizes the ovules/eggs 5. the petals fall off 6. the ovules develop into seeds 7. the ovary develops into a fruit

what are the 3 main kinds of fruit?

1. simple: a single ripened ovary from a single flower 2. aggregate: a cluster of many ripened ovaries produced by a single flower 3. multiple: a cluster of many ripened ovaries by the merging together of a group of flowers arranged on a stem

what are fleshy fruits?

All or most of the ovary wall (pericarp) is soft or fleshy at maturity

How are dry fruits classified?

By weather or not they split open