Brain Exam Review

Damage to the cerebellum would most likely result in which of the following problems?

A loss of motor coordination

Electrically stimulating a rat's amygdala would most likely produce which of the following?

Aggression

Damage to which of the following brain structures may cause the inability to detect the emotional significance of facial expressions, especially those demonstrating fear?

Amygdala

Which of the following parts of the brain is most active in decision-making?

Cerebral cortex

In extreme cases, surgically severing the corpus callosum is a treatment for which of the following conditions?

Epilepsy

Which of the following most accurately characterizes the role of the hypothalamus in the regulation of hunger?

It acts with the endocrine system to control hunger and satiety.

Which of the following is true about the pons?

It is the region of the brain that is most closely associated with sleep and arousal.

If an individual has lost the ability to feel pain in the left arm, there is most likely damage to what area of the brain?

Right parietal lobe

For most people, which of the following is an activity based in the right hemisphere of the brain?

Simple spatial reasoning

In right-handed individuals, which of the following abilities is predominantly a function of the right hemisphere of the brain?

Spatial reasoning

Professor Janeja is studying which brain regions are involved in learning to correctly navigate a maze task. She randomly assigns half of a group of mice to get a lesion in one area of the brain. The other half does not get a lesion. Based on the following graph, where in the brain is the most likely site of the lesion?

The hippocampus

Difficulty in typing smoothly on a keyboard would most likely result from damage to the

cerebellum

During a psychology experiment, a researcher uses a probe to lesion the ventromedial nucleus of a rat's hypothalamus. After the procedure the rat most likely will

eat more and gain weight

A participant in a study of music perception listens to music with electrodes attached to her scalp while data are collected on the activity of her brain. This technique is called

electroencephalography (EEG)

The brain scans of people with amnesia are most likely to show damage to the

hippocampus

For most people, speech functions are primarily localized in the

left cerebral hemisphere

Dr. Naum is studying the function of the medial temporal lobe of the brain by examining the case study of J.S., an individual who incurred damage in this area during a motor vehicle accident. Dr. Naum administers a battery of tasks multiple times over the course of several weeks to assess J.S.'s cognitive abilities. The graph below shows J.S.'s performance on three different tasks. The bar on the left shows his accuracy forming new memories in a lab context, the middle bar shows his accuracy on a driving course, and the bar on the right shows his accuracy on a third task.

remembering events that occurred shortly before his accident

An image projected to the left visual field of a split-brained person will be processed in the

right visual cortex

Dr. Frishkoff is studying how participants' brain activity changes when they read sentences in which the last word is either expected ("The pizza was too hot to eat") or unexpected ("The pizza was too hot to cry"). While participants are reading, Dr. Frishkoff measures their brain activity. The results of her experiment are shown below.

showed a negative-going peak in brain wave activity approximately 400 milliseconds after the unexpected word was presented that the participants did not show in response to the expected word

Damage to the occipital lobe would most likely affect a person's

vision

The occipital lobe of the human brain contains the centers for

vision

Damage to a small part of the occipital lobe would most likely result in a

visual deficit

In which of the following techniques do researchers inject a harmless, radioactive substance into the living human brain to examine activity?

Positron-emission tomography (PET)

Which of the following provides information regarding brain function by monitoring the brain at work through metabolism of glucose?

Positron emission tomography (PET)

Which of the following is brain-imaging technique that produces the most detailed picture of brain structure?

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

The person most strongly associated with identifying deficits in the motor speech area and in the ability to produce speech is

Paul Broca