Brain

wernicke's area

is responsible for the comprehension of speech

infundibulum

is the connection between the hypothalamus and the posterior pituitary.

pons

A brain structure that relays information from the cerebellum to the rest of the brain

Broca's area

Broca's area is a functionally defined structure in the left frontal lobe of most humans. It is involved mainly in producing speech, writing, and also in language processing and comprehension.

Aqueduct of sylvius

Ensures the steady flow of CSF between the third and fourth ventricles in the midbrain.

precentral gyrus

It controls the voluntary movements of skeletal muscles

pituitary gland

It is part of the endocrine system and produces critical hormones, which are chemical substances that control various bodily functions

Corpus callosum

The Corpus Callosum is the part of the mind that allows communication between the two hemispheres of the brain. It is responsible for transmitting neural messages between both the right and left hemispheres.

parietal lobe

One involves sensation and perception and the other is concerned with integrating sensory input, primarily with the visual system.

lateral sulcus

Separates temporal lobe from parietal and frontal lobes

anatomy of basal ganglia

The basal ganglia specialize in processing information on movement and in fine-tuning the activity of brain circuits that determine the best possible response in a given situation (e.g., using the hands to catch a ball or using the feet to run). The "basal ganglia" refers to a group of subcortical nuclei responsible primarily for motor control, as well as other roles such as motor learning, executive functions and behaviors, and emotions Caudate nucleus, Putamen, Globus pallidus Claustrum.

Brain Stem

The brain stem controls the flow of messages between the brain and the rest of the body, and it also controls basic body functions such as breathing, swallowing, heart rate, blood pressure, consciousness, and whether one is awake or sleepy. The brain stem consists of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.

Central Sulcus

The central sulcus is a prominent landmark of the brain, separating the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe and the primary motor cortex from the primary somatosensory cortex.

Diencephalon

The diencephalon is made up of four main components: the thalamus, the subthalamus, the hypothalamus, and the epithalamus. The diencephalon relays sensory information between brain regions and controls many autonomic functions of the peripheral nervous system. It also connects structures of the endocrine system with the nervous system and works in conjunction with limbic system structures to generate and manage emotions and memories.

cerebral peduncles

The inferior cerebellar peduncle carries many types of input and output fibers that are mainly concerned with integrating proprioceptive sensory input with motor vestibular functions such as balance and posture maintenance.

occipital lobe

The occipital lobe is the visual processing center of the mammalian brain containing most of the anatomical region of the visual cortex

cerebral hemispheres

The right and left halves of the cerebrum. The left side of the brain is responsible for controlling the right side of the body. It also performs tasks that have to do with logic, such as in science and mathematics. On the other hand, the right hemisphere coordinates the left side of the body, and performs tasks that have do with creativity and the arts.

Tectum

The tectum (from Latin for "roof") makes up the rear portion of the midbrain and is formed by two paired rounded swellings, the superior and inferior colliculi.

tegmentum

The tegmentum is located in front of the tectum. It consists of fibre tracts and three regions distinguished by their colour—the red nucleus, the periaqueductal gray, and the substantia nigra. s involved in the coordination of sensorimotor information.

Medullary pyramids

Two pyramid-shaped swellings are located on the medulla oblongata they are able to contain corticospinal axons (long, threadlike parts of nerve cells). Inside each pyramid there are approximately 1,000,000 of these. These play a role in motor (voluntary movement) functions.

interventricular foramen of monro

are channels that connect the paired lateral ventricles with the third ventricle at the midline of the brain

Gyri

brain ridge These hills and valleys help to increase the surface area of the cerebral cortex. This allows more neurons to be packed into the cortex and increases the brain's ability to process information. Gyri and sulci also form brain divisions by creating boundaries between the lobes of the brain and dividing the brain into two hemispheres.

lateral ventricles

contain cerebrospinal fluid, a clear, watery fluid that provides cushioning for the brain while also helping to circulate nutrients and remove waste.

fourth ventricle

contains cerebrospinal fluid. The main function of this ventricle is to protect the human brain from trauma (via a cushioning effect) and to help form the central canal, which runs the length of the spinal cord.

Superior colliculus

controls some responses to visual stimuli and reflexive eye movements

medulla oblongata

egulate breathing, heart and blood vessel function, digestion, sneezing, and swallowing. This part of the brain is a center for respiration and circulation. Sensory and motor neurons (nerve cells) from the forebrain and midbrain travel through the medulla.

third ventricle

filled with cerebrospinal fluid The third ventricle sends messages to and receives messages from the lateral ventricles, which are located in front of the third ventricle, and the aqueduct of the midbrain, which is located directly behind the third ventricle.

frontal lobe

frontal lobes are involved in motor function, problem solving, spontaneity, memory, language, initiation, judgement, impulse control, and social and sexual behavior.

mesencephalon (midbrain)

is a portion of the central nervous system associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.

longitudinal fissure

is the deep groove that separates the two hemispheres of the vertebrate brain.

postcentral gyrus

is the primary sensory area and it preceives pain, touch, pressure, and temperature

substantia nigra

midbrain structure where dopamine is produced; involved in control of movement

pineal gland

pineal gland produces melatonin, which helps maintain circadian rhythm and regulate reproductive hormones

cerebellum

primarily responsible for motor control. muscle tone, equilibrium, and balance as it relates to movement. additional functions, including some cognitive and emotional functions.

temporal lobe

primary auditory perception, such as hearing, and holds the primary auditory cortex.

thalamus

relays messages between lower brain centers and cerebral cortex

hypothalamus

responsible for the production of many of the body's essential hormones, chemical substances that help control different cells and organs. The hormones from the hypothalamus govern physiologic functions such as temperature regulation, thirst, hunger, sleep, mood, sex drive, and the release of other hormones within the body.

septum pellucidum

separating the anterior horns of the left and right lateral ventricles of the brain

inferior Colliculus

serves as a main auditory (sound) center for the body. It acts as the channel for almost all auditory signals in the human body. Its primary roles are signal integration, frequency recognition, and pitch discrimination.

Sulci

shallow grooves that separate gyri

Corpora quadrigemina

these round eminences are located on the posterior surface of the midbrain, just below the thalamus. visual body reflexes. Such automatic and involuntary movements include: scanning during the act of reading, covering your eyes in very bright areas or turning your head towards sudden and unexpected visual stimuli. containing correlation centers for auditory reflexes