Breast Disorders
The nurse will anticipate teaching a patient who is diagnosed with lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) about a. tamoxifen . b. lumpectomy. c. lymphatic mapping d. MammaPrint testing.
A
When using the accompanying illustration to teach a patient about breast self-examination, the nurse will include the information that most breast cancers are located in which part of the breast? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5
A
A 51-yr-old patient with a small immobile breast lump is considering having a fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy. The nurse explains that an advantage to this procedure is that a. FNA is done in the outpatient clinic, and results are available in 1 to 2 days. b. only a small incision is needed, resulting in minimal breast pain and scarring. c. if the biopsy results are negative, no further diagnostic testing will be needed. d. FNA is guided by a mammogram, ensuring that cells are taken from the lesion.
A
A patient asks the nurse when she should be screened for breast cancer. What is the nurse's best response, based on the American Cancer Society's recommendations for breast cancer screening? A. Annual screening mammography beginning at age 40, clinical breast examination every 3 years beginning at age 20 and annually beginning at age 40, and practicing breast self-awareness B. Annual screening mammography beginning at age 50, annual clinical breast examination beginning at age 50 C. Screening mammography every other year beginning at age 50, annual clinical breast examination beginning at age 40, monthly breast self-examination D. Baseline screening mammogram at age 35, annual screening mammography beginning at age 40, breast MRI every 5 years beginning at age 40, annual clinical breast examination beginning at age 20, monthly breast self-examination
A
A patient suspects that she may have PMS. The nurse should ask the patient about which symptoms?A. Symptoms that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle B. Symptoms that occur during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle C. Symptoms that worsen during menopause D. Symptoms that persist throughout the entire menstrual cycle
A
Which information will the nurse include in patient teaching for a 36-yr-old patient who is scheduled for stereotactic core biopsy of the breast? a. A local anesthetic will be given before the biopsy specimen is obtained. b. You will need to lie flat on your back and lie very still during the biopsy. c. A thin needle will be inserted into the lump and aspirated to remove tissue. d.You should not have anything to eat or drink for 6 hours before the procedure
A
The nurse notes bilateral enlargement of the breasts during examination of a 62-yr-old male patient. Which action should the nurse take first? a. Refer the patient for mammography. b. Question the patient about current medications. c. Explain that this is temporary due to hormonal changes. d.Teach the patient how to palpate the breast tissue for lumps
B
A 53-yr-old woman who is experiencing menopause is discussing the use of hormone therapy (HT) with the nurse. Which information about the risk of breast cancer will the nurse provide? a. HT is a safe therapy for menopausal symptoms if there is no family history of BRCA genes. b. HT does not appear to increase the risk for breast cancer unless there are other risk factors. c. The patient and her health care provider must weigh the benefits of HT against the risks of breast cancer. d. Natural herbs are as effective as estrogen in relieving symptoms without increasing the risk of breast cancer.
C
Which nursing action should be included in the plan of care for a patient returning to the surgical unit after a left modified radical mastectomy with dissection of axillary lymph nodes? a. Obtain a permanent breast prosthesis before the patient is discharged from the hospital. b. Teach the patient to use the ordered patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) every 10 minutes. c. Post a sign at the bedside warning against venipunctures or blood pressures in the left arm. d. Insist that the patient examine the surgical incision when the initial dressings are removed
C
Which assessment finding in a 36-yr-old patient is most indicative of a need for further evaluation? a. Bilateral breast nodules that are tender with palpation b. A breast nodule that is 1 cm in size, nontender, and fixed c. A breast lump that increases in size before the menstrual period d. A breast lump that is small, mobile, with a rubbery consistency
B
A 33-yr-old patient has a saline breast implant inserted in the outpatient surgery area. Which instruction will the nurse include in the discharge teaching? a. Take aspirin every 4 hours to reduce inflammation. b. Check wound drains for excessive blood or a foul odor. c. Wear a loose-fitting bra to decrease irritation of the sutures. d.Resume normal activities 2 to 3 days after the mammoplasty
B
A patient is concerned with developing breast cancer. The nurse recognizes which as the greatest risk factor for developing breast cancer? A. Having a first-degree relative who developed breast cancer B. Being female and advancing age C. Beginning menses before age 12 and never having children D. Smoking and obesity
B
Which information should the nurse include in teaching a patient who is scheduled for external beam radiation to the breast? a. The radiation therapy will take a week to complete. b. Careful skin care in the radiated area will be necessary. c. Visitors are restricted until the radiation therapy is completed. d.Wigs may be used until the hair regrows after radiation therapy
B
Which patient statement indicates that the nurse's teaching about tamoxifen has been effective? a. "I can expect to have leg cramps." b. "I will call if I have any eye problems." c. "I should contact you if I have hot flashes." d. "I will be taking the medication for 6 to 12 months."
B
A patient diagnosed with breast cancer asks the nurse what "triple negative" means. An accurate response from the nurse about triple-negative breast cancer should include that a. the tumor is not likely to be responsive to hormone therapy. b. HER-2 receptor testing was repeated for a total of three samples. c. treatment with chemotherapy is not likely to be recommended. d.estrogen receptor testing identified the three hormones causing the cancer
A
A patient who is scheduled for a lumpectomy and axillary lymph node dissection tells the nurse, "I would rather not know much about the surgery." Which response by the nurse is best? a. "Tell me what you think is important to know about the surgery." b. "It is essential that you know enough to provide informed consent." c. "Many patients do better after surgery if they have more information." d. "You can wait until after surgery for teaching about pain management."
A
After a 48-yr-old patient has had a modified radical mastectomy, the pathology report identifies the tumor as an estrogen-receptor positive adenocarcinoma. The nurse will plan to teach the patient about a. tamoxifen b. estradiol (Estrace). c. raloxifene (Evista). d. trastuzumab (Herceptin).
A
A 36-yr-old patient who has a diagnosis of fibrocystic breast changes calls the nurse in the clinic reporting symptoms. Which information is likely to change the treatment plan? a. There is yellow discharge from the patient's right nipple. b. An area on the breast is hot, pink, and tender to the touch. c. Firm, moveable lumps are in the upper outer breast quadrants. d.The lumps get more painful before the patient's menstrual period
B
A 58-yr-old woman tells the nurse, "I understand that I have stage II breast cancer and I need to decide on a surgery, but I feel overwhelmed. What do you think I should do?" Which response by the nurse is best? a. "I would have a lumpectomy, but you need to decide what is best for you." b. "Tell me what you understand about the surgical options that are available." c. "It would not be appropriate for me to make a decision about your health." d. "There is no need to make a decision rapidly; you have time to think about this."
B
The nurse is providing preoperative teaching about the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) procedure to a patient. Which information will the nurse include? a. Saline-filled implants are placed under the pectoral muscles. b. Recovery from the TRAM surgery takes at least 6 to 8 weeks. c. Muscle tissue removed from the back is used to form a breast. d.TRAM flap procedures may be done in outpatient surgery centers
B
The nurse provides discharge teaching for a 61-yr-old patient who has had a left modified radical mastectomy and lymph node dissection. Which statement by the patient indicates that teaching has been successful? a. "I will need to use my right arm and to rest the left one." b. "I will avoid reaching over the stove with my left hand." c. "I will keep my left arm in a sling until the incision is healed." d. "I will stop the left arm exercises if moving the arm is painful."
B
The nurse is caring for a patient with breast cancer who is receiving chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. Which assessment finding is most important to communicate to the health care provider? a. The patient complains of fatigue. b. The patient eats only 25% of meals. c. The patient's apical pulse is irregular. d. The patient's white blood cell (WBC) count is 5000/μL.
C
A patient newly diagnosed with stage I breast cancer is discussing treatment options with the nurse. Which statement by the patient indicates that additional teaching may be needed? a. "There are several options that I can consider for treating the cancer." b. "I will probably need radiation to the breast after having the surgery." c. "Mastectomy is the best choice to decrease the chance of cancer recurrence." d. "I can probably have reconstructive surgery at the same time as a mastectomy."
C
During a well-woman physical examination, a 43-yr-old patient asks about her risk for breast cancer. Which question is most pertinent for the nurse to ask? a. "Do you currently smoke tobacco?" b. "Have you ever had a breast injury?" c. "At what age did you start having menstrual periods?" d. "Is there a family history of fibrocystic breast changes?"
C
A patient has had left-sided lumpectomy (breast-conservation surgery) and an axillary lymph node dissection. Which nursing intervention is appropriate to delegate to a licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)? a. Teaching the patient how to avoid injury to the left arm b. Assessing the patient's range of motion for the left arm c. Evaluating the patient's understanding of instructions about drain care d. Administering an analgesic 30 minutes before scheduled arm exercises
D
The nurse is admitting a patient scheduled this morning for lumpectomy and axillary lymph node dissection. Which action should the nurse take first? a. Teach the patient how to deep breathe and cough. b. Discuss options for postoperative pain management. c. Explain the postdischarge care of the axillary drains. d.Ask the patient to describe what she knows about the surgery
D
The nurse will teach a patient with metastatic breast cancer who has a new prescription for trastuzumab (Herceptin) that a. hot flashes may occur with the medication. b. serum electrolyte levels will be drawn monthly. c. the patient will need frequent eye examinations. d.the patient should call if she notices ankle swelling
D
The outpatient clinic receives telephone calls from four patients. Which patient should the nurse call back first? a. A 57-yr-old patient with ductal ectasia who has sticky multicolored nipple discharge and severe nipple itching b. A 21-yr-old patient with a family history of breast cancer who wants to discuss genetic testing for the BRCA gene c. A 40-yr-old patient who still has left side chest and arm pain 2 months after a left modified radical mastectomy d. A 50-yr-old patient with stage 2 breast cancer who is receiving doxorubicin and has ankle swelling and fatigue
D
A patient has just been prescribed Lupron for her endometriosis. The nurse should mention which side effects while educating the patient about this drug? A. She may experience breakthrough bleeding. B. Reversible symptoms of menopause may occur. C. The medication will reduce the size of her fibroids. D. A form of back-up contraception should be used while taking this drug
B
Which action will the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient with right arm lymphedema? a. Avoid isometric exercise on the right arm. b. Assist with application of a compression sleeve. c. Keep the right arm at or below the level of the heart. d.Check blood pressure (BP) on both right and left arms
B
The nurse teaching a young women's community service group about breast self-examination (BSE) will include that a. BSE will reduce the risk of dying from breast cancer. b. BSE should be done daily while taking a bath or shower. c. annual mammograms should be scheduled in addition to BSE. d.performing BSE after the menstrual period is more comfortable
D
When the nurse is working in the women's health care clinic, which action is appropriate to take? a. Teach a healthy 30-yr-old patient about the need for an annual mammogram. b. Discuss scheduling an annual clinical breast examination with a 22-year-old patient. c. Explain to a 60-yr-old patient that mammography frequency can be reduced to every 3 years. d. Teach a 28-yr-old patient with a BRCA-1 mutation about magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
D
Which patient would be at highest risk for subsequent development of lymphedema? A. A 75-year-old woman with a single focus of biopsy-proven localized ductal carcinoma in situ B. A 65-year-old woman with a known benign cyst C. A 50-year-old woman with a biopsy-confirmed fibroadenoma D. A 62-year-old woman with biopsy-proven invasive ductal carcinoma with palpable axillary lymph nodes and positive node fine-needle aspiration
D