BUS 245 final exam study guide

Response time refers to the ability

to quickly respond to signaling information after it occurs.

Whit is walking to his workstation when he sees Frank fall off a platform and get seriously injured. Although he is usually quiet and passive, Whit pulls Frank to safety, begins first aid, and orders the other workers to do various tasks to help with the situation. This scenario exemplifies

trait activation.

Which of the following represents the "carrot-and-stick" approach to leadership?

transactional leadership

Self-awareness refers to the ability of people to

understand the types of emotions they are experiencing, acknowledge them, and express them naturally.

Fran wants to hire a diverse group of capable people to work at her brand-new fitness studios. Unfortunately, many of the applicants Fran perceives as having good emotional intelligence and agreeable personalities (a plus for a fitness studio), do not score well on the cognitive ability test, and she has to rule them out as a possible hire. What should Fran do to meet her goals?

use a combination of tests measuring both cognitive abilities and noncognitive traits such as emotional intelligence and personality

Amrita's psychology curriculum required her to study an individual's personality type using the process of interviewing. She selected Micah, her brother's roommate, as her test subject. The highlighted points of her research were that Micah is a law graduate and a musician in his spare time. He is an independent person who paid his own way through law school, and his friends sometimes get annoyed with his impulsive behavior. According to the RIASEC model, Amrita classified Micah under the _________ type of personality dimension.

artistic

Of the Big Five, _________blank is the easiest to judge in zero-acquaintance situations.

extraversion

Employees whose managers participated in transformational leadership training programs reported _________ afterward.

higher levels of organizational commitment

Financial planners for investment firms have to choose and apply formulas to help their clients plan for their financial future. Which of the following abilities is required?

mathematical reasoning

A bureaucratic structure is an organizational form that exhibits many of the facets of the _________ organization.

mechanistic

As organizations become larger, they tend to become more _________ in nature.

mechanistic

The Big Five dimension neuroticism is synonymous with

negative affectivity.

Which of the following is not one of the four styles leaders can use to make decisions?

negotiative

The day before Liam is to start an important assignment at work, he becomes nervous and moody. He would be the first to tell you that he feels insecure and unsteady when faced with challenges, and he is envious of those who appear to breeze through life. In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, the personality dimension _________blank would best describe Liam.

neuroticism

The leader-member exchange theory argues that

new relationships between leaders and members are typically marked by a role-taking phase.

What is the basis of surface-level diversity?

observable attributes such as race, ethnicity, gender, and age

The principle of _________ suggests that "strong situations" have clear behavioral expectations, incentives, or instructions that make differences between individuals less important, whereas "weak situations" lack those cues.

situational strength

Hard Facts publishing has decided to restructure its organization. During the restructuring, managers will probably see

slightly declining task performance.

Which of the following is a physical ability?

speech recognition

Extraverted people prioritize _________ striving.

status

Lars has applied for a job delivering packages for a major shipping company. He will most likely be tested for what abilities?

strength and stamina

Accomplishment striving describes a

strong desire to achieve task-related goals as a means of expressing personality.

Halle is on a team that has just been formed. There are people of a wide variety of ages, genders, and ethnicities. Halle's team demonstrates

surface-level diversity.

What is task interdependence?

the degree to which team members interact with and rely on other team members for the information, materials, and resources needed to accomplish work for the team

Which of the following statements concerning the abilities or personalities of individual team members and team performance is correct?

A limited number of extraverts on a team is beneficial to both the social climate of the group as well as team effectiveness.

Which of the following observations about member conscientiousness is true?

A team with high conscientiousness will be more productive than a team with even one member with low conscientiousness.

Which of the following scenarios depicts someone using other awareness?

Angie can tell that Lewis is overwhelmed and lets him switch places with another worker.

Engineering company Bridgespan introduced a 360-degree feedback system. Carmen was described as innovative and always eager to learn. Mark was appreciated for meticulous, organized work and was the one the team could always depend on during crunch time. Imani's warm, kind nature and sympathetic ear to customers voicing complaints was acknowledged. Jay was cited for frequently visiting other departments, chatting with everyone about everything. In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, which employee best displays openness to experience?

Carmen

_________ reflects the extent to which leaders create job relationships characterized by mutual trust, respect for employee ideas, and thoughtfulness regarding employee feelings.

Consideration

_______ are beliefs about desirable outcomes or modes of conduct shared with others who were raised in the same environment.

Cultural values

Which of the following statements is not true of concerns when using personality testing?

No personality test has been validated in scientific journals.

_________ diversity refers to diversity with respect to attributes that are less easy to observe initially but that can be inferred after more direct experience.

Deep-level

Which of the following asks applicants about their attitudes toward dishonesty, the desire to punish dishonesty, and confessions of past dishonesty?

a clear purpose test

Simon started working at Solaris Industries right after college, and he had instant rapport with his boss, Felix. Felix not only showed him the ropes but always encouraged Simon as he pursued his goals, such as starting graduate school. Over the years, Simon and Felix developed a close relationship, and Felix attended Simon's wedding. The other employees in Felix and Simon's department love Felix as well. A few months ago, Felix retired and was replaced by Emmett. Emmett has a very different personality but soon proves himself to be an effective and motivating boss. Which of the following scenarios describes Simon's most likely reaction to this change?

He tells his colleague Naomi that things are not the same and that he is thinking about leaving.

Which of the following is true with regard to outcome interdependence?

In an organization with compensation that has high outcome interdependence, a higher percentage of employees' pay will depend on how well their team does.

_________ involves behaving in ways that foster an enthusiasm for and commitment to a shared vision of the future.

Inspirational motivation

_________ involves behaving in ways that challenge followers to be innovative and creative by questioning assumptions and reframing old situations in new ways.

Intellectual stimulation

_________ are expressions of personality that influence behavior through preferences for certain environments and activities.

Interests

Which of the following is true about work specialization?

It makes training new employees easier when replacements are needed.

Jee works for an architectural firm that has been hired to design and supervise the construction of a restaurant built into a stone bluff. The restaurant will be a unique structure, incorporating complex designs that will likely never be duplicated. How should Jee approach designing and overseeing the building of the restaurant?

Jee should gather a group of people with a wide range of specialized talents to work on the restaurant until it is completed.

Engineering company Bridgespan introduced a 360-degree feedback system. Carmen was described as innovative and always eager to learn. Mark was appreciated for meticulous, organized work and was the one the team could always depend on during crunch time. Imani's warm, kind nature and sympathetic ear to customers voicing complaints was acknowledged. Jay was cited for frequently visiting other departments and chatting with everyone about everything. In the context of the Big Five taxonomy, which employee best displays conscientiousness?

Mark

Which of the following examples illustrates a functional structure?

Mighty Motors has an accounting department, a manufacturing department, and a distribution department.

Jess, an expert on personality types and their effect on job performance, has been retained by Running Deer Corporation to interview and recommend a new auditor. Jess's decision will rest largely on matching an applicant's personality type to the auditor job, which requires dependability, consistency, and honesty. Which one of the following interviewees would Jess likely recommend?

Ming-na, who is organized, works hard, and perseveres until a task is done

Orlando needs to hire a worker for his medical supply company. The only information he has to go on are the SAT scores of three applicants. Nora scored a 1560, Charles scored a 1220, and Leon scored a 900. Based on the information he has, which person should Orlando hire and why?

Nora, because high cognitive ability correlates with high job performance

Which of the following scenarios demonstrates personality?

Pia is generally friendly, likable, and calm under pressure.

Rashaad, an intern, is well-liked by everyone in the office. He has seemingly boundless energy, asks a lot of questions, and is self-confident without being arrogant. His supervisor, Margaret, is discussing Rashaad's time at the company with her colleague Finn. Margaret predicts that

Rashaad's personality and energy mean he is likely to emerge as a leader.

Which of the following statements concerning the intelligence quotient (IQ) is true?

Scores on IQ tests and tests of general cognitive ability both say pretty much the same thing about the person taking the test.

Seung Min must select an intern for the City desk at her newspaper. She has been asked by the City editor to find a candidate with a strong possibility for leadership. After interviewing five candidates, which candidate do you think Seung Min chooses?

Shahnaz, who lacks experience but was sharp and outgoing and showed an extreme willingness to learn

Which of the following scenarios shows the strongest predictor of job task performance?

Song received a perfect score on a cognitive ability test.

_________ is important in jobs that require running, swimming, or climbing.

Stamina

Which of the following scenarios represents a worker using gross body equilibrium?

Tanner balances on branches with a chainsaw to trim dead tree limbs over power lines.

Which of the following is a result of creating high levels of task interdependence?

Teams will be better able to adapt to new situations.

Which of the following is true regarding individuals with high cognitive ability?

The relationship between high cognitive ability and task performance is observed in the academic context as well as in the work context.

Which of the following statements accurately describes leader-staff teams?

The responsibilities of the leader and the rest of the team are distinct.

What is the primary reason for simple structures being perhaps the most common form of organizational design?

There are more small organizations than large ones.

Dagmar, CEO of Amesbury Shop and Go, has noticed that one of her store locations has consistently exceptional sales numbers. Besides that, an employee survey revealed that the workers at this particular location have high levels of motivation and job satisfaction when compared with other locations in the region. Everyone who works there gave high praise to their manager, Terrell. What else did the survey reveal about Terrell's employees?

They demonstrated citizenship behaviors, such as volunteering after work.

Rodrigue started as a receptionist at a large printing company and worked his way up to a management position within a few years. For the first six months as manager of the prepress department, Rodrigue reflexively adopted a fairly autocratic style of leadership. The department did well enough, with good job output numbers and a middling level of employee commitment. Then Rodrigue participated in a two-week transformational leadership retreat offered by the corporate headquarters. Several months after the retreat, Chris and Aoki, two of Rodrigue's employees, are having lunch and discussing his leadership. What do you think they most likely observe about the effect of Rodrigue's new leadership style on the atmosphere in the office?

They discuss how everyone in the office seems a lot more motivated and how much it has affected their job output numbers, which are the highest the department has reported in years.

Which of the following scenarios demonstrates Tim's ability rather than his personality?

Tim carried a high bowling average and once bowled a perfect game.

_________ leadership involves inspiring followers to commit to a shared vision that provides meaning to their work while also serving as a role model who helps followers develop their own potential and view problems from new perspectives.

Transformational

Although not much is known about the effect of restructuring on affective commitment, restructuring generally results in _________blank level of affective commitment on the part of employees.

a moderate negative

Which of the following refers to the relatively stable capabilities people have to perform a particular range of different but related activities?

ability

According to the RIASEC model, an investigative personality type enjoys

abstract, analytical, and theory-oriented tasks.

Sofia is driven to finish something once she starts it. This often means she stays at work later than other workers, stays more focused when she is at work, and takes shorter breaks than everyone else. Sofia is a(n)

accomplishment striver.

Cognitive abilities refers to capabilities related to the

acquisition and application of knowledge in problem solving.

Neurotic people tend to hold _________blank, meaning they often believe the events that occur around them are driven by luck, chance, or fate.

an external locus of control

Dontell manages a shipyard with over 700 workers performing a variety of tasks. After walking through the grounds talking to the employees, he is surprised to learn that few of the workers share common goals within teams. He sees a wide variation in what people believe they are trying to accomplish. How can Dontell best resolve this issue and help his workforce find some common goals?

by instructing his teams to create mission statements with clearly defined goals

A large pharmaceutical company recently adopted a structure in order to give its top managers more responsibility and flexibility. The company is now structured around five customer groupings: major healthcare provider networks, individual consumers, small and mid-sized pharmacies, military bases and government employee facilities, and public clinics. Which of the following organizational structures has this company created?

client-based

Quantitative and reasoning abilities come under the general category of _________blank abilities.

cognitive

The Chinese culture is a tight social framework in which people take care of the members of a broader ingroup and act loyal to it. In the context of Hofstede's dimensions, what is the personality dimension used to describe the Chinese culture?

collectivism

Prisha is very uncomfortable because she received a larger bonus than other members of her work group. She is most likely from a _________ culture.

collectivistic

Isidora likes the results obtained when the employees at her small pharmaceutical company work in teams. Unfortunately, Javier, undeniably the most talented researcher in the firm, feels he is not being recognized or sufficiently compensated for his contributions within the team framework, and Isidora realizes that he is probably right. How can Isidora structure salaries to encourage teamwork, while retaining top performers like Javier?

combine individual and team performance when determining wages

The highest level of interaction and coordination among members is required in _________ interdependence.

comprehensive

Of the Big Five, _________blank has the strongest effect on task performance, partly because employees bearing these traits tend to have higher levels of _________blank than other employees.

conscientiousness; motivation

Orrin, the manager of Nordic Kitchen and Bath, has always been supportive of his employees and works to understand their feelings. On most occasions, he overlooks their mistakes and gives them opportunities to develop a friendly atmosphere in the office. He often takes on some of their work in order to reduce their burden. Orrin would score high on

consideration.

Melba, a department manager at Gambit Sales, makes most of her decisions by counting on the skills, experiences, and ideas of others. The final decision-making power rests with Melba. However, she is careful not to make major decisions without getting input from those who will be affected. Melba uses the _________ style of leader decision making.

consultative

In the case of _________ leadership, the leader promises rewards in exchange for adequate performance.

contingent reward

If decision making is pushed down to lower-level employees, and these employees feel empowered to make decisions on their own, an organization has a _________ structure.

decentralized

A leader's _________ reflects the process that the leader uses to generate and choose from a set of alternatives to solve a problem.

decision-making style

The job of a parole board primarily involves making decisions by applying rules to an applicant's case and then deciding whether or not the individual should be granted parole. This process uses the parole board members' ability in the area of _________blank reasoning.

deductive

Peg, Rahul, Addison, and Yasmine are managers at Universal Software. Each uses a different decision-making style, which they each believe is the best. Peg always presents the problem to her employees and gathers their opinions and suggestions but makes the decision herself. Rahul gives his employees the responsibility for making the decision within a set of specified boundary conditions. Addison makes the decision without asking his employees for their opinions or suggestions. Yasmine presents the problem to her employees and seeks consensus, emphasizing that her opinion is only as important as every other employee's in her department. Rahul is using the _________ decision-making style.

delegative

Which of the following decision-making styles is characterized by the highest level of employee involvement?

delegative

Which of the following is the style of decision making whereby the leader plays no role in deliberations unless asked?

delegative

Nico is the owner of Yesteryear, a chain of vintage clothing stores. She lets the store managers and employees decide for themselves how best to lay out the stores and what to do about the problems they face on a daily basis. She basically serves as a consultant, and leaves the ultimate decision of how to solve problems up to her workers. Nico's leadership style is

delegative.

In the context of abilities, the amount attributed to genes

depends on the nature of the ability.

Glen is a utility line worker who has to climb up telephone poles all day long. In order to do this job all day without becoming overly fatigued, Glen must have a high degree of _________ strength.

dynamic

The traits of high conscientiousness and low agreeableness are linked to leader

emergence.

Personality traits are a function of both your

environment and genes.

When considering the nature versus nurture debate, one method of separating the two effects is to study identical twins raised in different adoptive homes. These studies show that nearly half of the variation in _________ is accounted for by genetic differences.

extraversion

Which of the following is a dimension of the Big Five taxonomy?

extraversion

Tarquin is a quality control manager at Olympia Sporting Goods. Any time a problem arises and a decision needs to be made, he believes in getting his people involved. He presents the problem to his employees and seeks consensus on a solution. He insists in these problem-solving meetings that his opinion and suggestions carry no more weight than anyone else's. Which of the following is the decision-making style that Tarquin is displaying?

facilitative

Zemin is the creative director at Essex Marketing. The firm recently acquired a new client, Pillar Homewares. The Essex team is designing a logo, website, mailers, and other promotional items for the client. Zemin meets with the entire team, and together they develop ideas for the visual approach they should take on the project. Designers bring prototypes, everyone votes on them, and the majority wins. Zemin's leadership style is

facilitative.

What are the characteristics of a simple business structure?

flat, very basic differences in work specialization, low formalization

Which of the following is a necessary coordination mechanism that organizations rely on to get a standardized product or deliver a standardized service?

formalization

hich of the following represents the predictable sequence of stages in team development?

forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning

People who have higher _________ ability tend to be better at learning and decision making.

general cognitive

Which of the following are the strongest determinants of one's abilities?

genes and the environment

Daniela is the Swiss Alps division manager of Steep Slope Skis. Other managers are in charge of the Rockies, French Alps, Sierra Nevada, and Japanese Alps divisions. Her brother, Jorge is a marketing manager at a different firm who enjoys attending ballets with the distribution and operations managers from his company. Daniela likely works in a company with a _________ structure, while Jorge most likely works in a company with a _________ structure.

geographic; functional

Ahmed's Indestructible Brush Guards makes one product over and over again, a type of brush guard designed to fit on any lawn mower. The guards never change because the unique design fits all mowers. Given the nature of its business, Ahmed's should

give each employee a specific task to perform.

Which of the following is the best approach for the CEO of a company to take with respect to employees who survive the layoffs during a company restructuring?

give them a voice in the process

When team members have a shared vision and align with that vision, the team is said to have a high degree of _________ interdependence.

goal

An action team could take the form of a

group of scientists spending eight weeks investigating the cause and environmental impact of a major oil spill.

Schmidt Sporting Gear, a large athletics store, pays its employees a base salary, as well as up to a 12 percent bonus based on individual performance and up to a 5 percent bonus based on team performance. Schmidt uses a reward structure with

hybrid outcome interdependence.

Speech recognition is the ability to

identify and understand the words spoken by another person.

Organizations use the multicultural personality questionnaire when

identifying employees suitable to work in foreign subsidiaries.

Catalina wants to create teams in her office that perform well and have members who are dedicated to their team. What can she do to try to make performance and commitment as high as possible within her teams?

increase the complexity of the tasks team members must complete

As the level of task interdependence _________, members must spend _________ amounts of time communicating and coordinating with other members to complete tasks.

increases; increasing

Lina is frequently hostile to other team members, cynical about the goals of the team and others' engagement in the project, and sometimes disagrees and stubbornly blocks progress "just because." Her behavior often leaves other team members feeling hopeless or tired. Lina's behavior reflects _________blank role behaviors.

individualistic

Gracie was recently hired by a detective agency after rounds of preemployment testing and interviews. The preemployment testing showed that she had a high ability to gather information regarding crimes, filter out unwanted information, and draw the right conclusions to strengthen her case. The preemployment tests revealed that Gracie is good at

inductive reasoning.

In the context of Hofstede's dimensions, the cultural dimension _________ describes cultures that tend to value expressions of desires related to freedom, leisure, and activity versus cultures that tend to value stricter social norms.

indulgence versus restraint

Jackson's boss, Samira, is excited about a new project management system she learned about at a weekend seminar, which purports to increase accountability and efficiency by 30 percent. She bought it for the office and hired a trainer to teach everyone in the office how to use it. What dimension of day-to-day leadership is Samira demonstrating?

initiating structure

The full spectrum of transformational leadership can be summarized using four dimensions, collectively called "the Four I's." Which of the following answer options is not one of the Four I's?

initiating structure

Which type of structure reflects the extent to which the leader defines and structures the roles of employees in pursuit of goal attainment?

initiating structure

Which of the following styles represents avoidance of leadership altogether?

laissez-faire leadership

Technically, Vinh's direct supervisor is Leila, but his de facto boss is his colleague Mark, who has been with the company for several years. Vinh has stopped even trying to get Leila's feedback on problems because she always seems to be out of the office for some reason or another, and even when she is there, she avoids talking to anyone. Leila is demonstrating

laissez-faire leadership.

The degree to which the leader's actions result in the achievement of the unit's goals; the continued commitment of the unit's employees; and the development of mutual trust, respect, and obligation in leader-member dyads are all called

leader effectiveness.

Cooper, a trainer at D&J Incorporated preaches the company's policy of prudence to all his new trainees. In the context of Hofstede's dimensions, this cultural value followed at D&J Incorporated is an example of

long-term orientation.

Parker works in an office with about 20 employees. Seven or eight employees go out to lunch together at least once a week. Parker rarely joins the lunches, although all are welcome, but the office manager joins regularly. Parker has just found out about a new office computer system that will be installed and realizes that the workers who go out to lunch together already know about the new computer system. Parker likely has a(n) _________ dyad with the office manager.

low-quality

Yina, Shakita, and Iris work in different teams at First Note Acoustics. Yina's team ensures that all the raw materials, machinery, tools, and other production equipment are available to employees around the clock. Any procurement needs must be addressed to Yina, who also takes part in high-level decisions regarding the number of units to be produced and exported. Shakita works as part of a team of nine members who concentrate on daily production; they also ensure that quality checks are done and inspect each other's work. Iris is the operations manager, who works for three hours in the production department and spends the rest of her time assisting management as an internal consultant on manufacturing issues. Her input is crucial in improving the production process. Yina is part of a(n) _________blank team.

management

Yvette, a senior manager at Olivier Furniture & Bedding, was the person behind the company's shift to a culture that focuses on being more assertive with its clients. In the context of Hofstede's dimensions, the cultural dimension _________ best describes Olivier Furniture & Bedding.

masculinity

The _________blank helps organizational members and outsiders understand and comprehend how work is structured within a company.

organizational chart

Cuba is the CEO of a large shipping company. He has some very talented employees, but the company keeps falling behind its competitors. When Cuba observes what is going on, he finds some cases where managers are micromanaging good employees, while other managers cannot address all the needs of their employees. Cuba needs to address how the company's talent is

organized.

Which of the following types of emotional intelligence represents the appraisal and recognition of emotion in others?

other awareness

High _________ interdependence implies that team members depend on the performance of other team members for the rewards that they receive.

outcome

Department supervisor Leon does not offer corrections or guidance to his employees unless he receives a complaint about someone's performance or behavior. Which of the following styles of leadership is Leon following?

passive management-by-exception

Kazue works in a department store. She has noticed that several of her coworkers avoid interacting with customers, take a lot of smoke breaks, and leave their sales areas messy and disorganized. When she discusses the situation with her manager, Rob, he says he will do something about it, but he does not. In fact, nothing changes until several customers file complaints in the space of a single week, at which point Rob takes disciplinary measures toward two of his employees. Rob is demonstrating

passive management-by-exception.

Scarlett led a team of gatherers who traveled from forest to forest collecting edible mushrooms. Team members repeatedly loaded their backpacks with mushrooms and poured the mushrooms into containers in the back of a van. At the end of the week, Scarlett took the van to a buyer and received payment for the total number of pounds of mushrooms and redistributed the money to team members. This arrangement is a form of _________blank interdependence.

pooled

Extraverted people tend to be high in

positive affectivity

Josie's Organic Seeds formed several teams to plan and execute the 10th anniversary celebrations of the company. Over a period of 10 weeks, the teams organized events, oversaw logistics, and coordinated employee activities. The events were planned on a large scale and required significant input from the managers and production workers. These are examples of _________blank teams.

project

Chance lives in Louisiana on a houseboat that requires frequent maintenance. Chance is good at carpentry and electrical work. According to the RIASEC model, the _________ type of personality dimension best describes Chance.

realistic

Which of the following cognitive abilities is especially important for a range of professions such as surgeons, judges, cartoonists, and forensic scientists?

reasoning ability

Pure Pride Plastics has structured its employee teams so that members interact with a subset of other members to complete the team's work. Pure Pride uses _________ interdependence.

reciprocal

Sometimes a company must adapt to its environment. What is the first step in adapting to the environment?

recognizing the need to change

Traits are defined as

recurring regularities or trends in people's responses to their environment

During her first week at her new job, Spencer's manager, Julian, goes over all of the duties Spencer will be expected to perform. He also introduces Spencer to the other employees and tells her about the company's monthly potluck lunches and employees' volunteer projects after hours. Julian encourages Spencer to get involved. Julian is engaged in

role taking.

Compton and Lula are successful stockbrokers working with the Market Beat Brokerage firm. Before buying a company's stock, Compton reviews the company's reports and past data. Lula, on the other hand, buys stock based on speculation. According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, the _________ type best describes Compton, and the _________ type best describes Lula.

sensing; intuition

Beech Shade Coverings utilizes a classic assembly line in manufacturing its vinyl flooring components. Which type of interdependence is depicted?

sequential

Every day at Awning Art, Gus cuts the awning supports, and then Pilar grinds down the sharp edges. Next, Muhammed polishes them, and Liv sprays a rust inhibitor on them. Finally, Sybil dries the supports and puts them into the awnings. Each person is the most skilled team member at performing their task. Awning Art's workers have _________ interdependence.

sequential

The effects of general cognitive ability on job performance are most pronounced in the area of

task performance.

Deep-level diversity has positive effects on team creativity when

team members are instructed to take the perspective of their teammates.

When measuring team effectiveness, two aspects are considered important: _________blank, which may include metrics such as the quantity and quality of output, and _________blank, sometimes called team commitment.

team performance; team viability

Emotional intelligence is defined as

the ability that influences the degree to which people tend to be effective in social situations.

Over lunch, Daniela and Hassan are discussing their managers. Daniela describes her boss as extremely motivating. Work goals are more demanding than ever, but even though the rewards of the hard work may not come soon, Daniela trusts her manager's emphasis on the future good that will come from their work. She feels that working with this new manager has led to a much stronger emotional bond with the organization, much more engagement with the work, and an overall increase in her job satisfaction. Daniela's boss can be described as a(n) _________ leader.

transformational

Jacob is a renowned landscape designer, and his clients feel that he can bring to life a dull yard with minimal cost and effort. Before starting a project, Jacob always describes the changes he is going to make so the client gets a sense of what the final changes will look like. In doing so, Jacob reflects his strong ability not only to mix and match different designs to create a completely new image but also to help his clients imagine it beforehand. Jacob has high ability in the area of

visualization.

What do members do during the performing stage of team development?

work comfortably within their roles, and the team makes progress toward goals