BUS Chapter 10

Which of the following is about a manager's attitudes and assumptions about workers?

McGregor's Theory X and McGregor's Theory Y

According to Ouchi's Theory, which of these elements are included in Type A management?

Rapid promotion and Individual decision making

If one manager views most employees as motivated to do work while a second manager views most employees as lazy, they are operating under which of the following management theories respectively?

Theory Y and Theory X

According to a survey of recent college graduates, opportunities for ________ are important in attracting and retaining employees.

advancement

Vroom's motivation theory states that the amount of effort that employees exert on a specific task is based on their ________ of the outcome.

expectations

Managers must recognize that motivating individuals today requires:

familiarity with a variety of cultures from around the world, that generations have different cultures, and understanding of different cultures within a country

Self-managed teams improve productivity because the members appreciate having the ________ to control their own work.

freedom

The second set of Hawthorne Experiments continued to result in ___________ productivity regardless of changing physical conditions.

increased

The personal satisfaction you feel when you perform well and complete goals is an example of a(n) ________ reward.

intrinsic

An assumption about people by a Theory Y manager would be that workers ________ work.

like

Globalization has created a need for managers to understand cultural differences in order to ________ employees around the world.

manage

Herzberg studied job-related factors as they relate to:

motivation

Job enrichment focuses on enhancing the elements most closely related to Herzberg's ______ or higher level needs as defined in his theory.

motivators

More people leave their jobs for:

opportunities to advance their careers

During the first set of Hawthorne Experiments,

researchers realized there had to be another factor affecting productivity, productivity continued to increase regardless of changing conditions, and researchers thought they had failed due to the unexpected results

A culture that focuses on the ________ and views relationship building as a waste of time is a low-context culture.

task

________ theory states that employees look for fairness in the workplace as compared to others before deciding to perform.

Equity

________ theory states that an individual will not put forth effort without first evaluating their ability to perform the task and the value they place on the reward.

Expectancy

To which part of the theories is job enrichment most closely related?

Herzberg's higher-level motivators

The study that asked workers to rank a list of job-related factors in order of what motivated them most was a new direction taken by:

Frederick Herzberg

"The Principles of Scientific Management" was written by __________ __________

Frederick Taylor

According to Ouchi's Theory Z, Type ________ management is achievement oriented.

A

According to Ouchi's research about the effect of national culture on organizations, Type ________ management relies on individual decision making and achievement.

A

Job enrichment theory is based on the higher level motivators of which theorists?

Abraham Maslow and Frederick Herzberg

Which of the following theories of motivation is the basis for Management by Objectives?

Drucker's Goal-setting theory

The idea that setting ambitious, but attainable goals can motivate workers and improve performance if the goals are accepted and accompanied by feedback and facilitated by organizational conditions is at the heart of which motivation theory?

Drucker's goal-setting theory

Equity theory states that employees:

compare their inputs and outputs to those of others in similar positions, perceptions of fairness affect motivation, and try to maintain equity between what they put into a job and what they get out of it

Gen Xers, Millennials, and Gen Z expect change to be the main ________ in their lives.

constant

When asked in a survey their reason for changing jobs:

more participants listed lack of appreciation

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, after you have eaten, you are no longer _________ to find food.

motivated

A culture that focuses on building personal relationships and ________ before focusing on tasks is a high-context culture.

trust

Millennials generally don't remember a time without the:

Internet

McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y identified assumptions managers have about workers. Select the statements below that represent a Theory X manager's beliefs.

Workers prefer to avoid responsibility and Workers are motivated by fear and punishment

The belief that your work makes a difference and gives you satisfaction is an example of:

an intrinsic reward

McGregor's theory states that managers motivate workers based on the manager's ___________ about workers' attitudes toward work.

assumptions

Employee empowerment cannot be successful without clear and open ________ throughout an organization.

communication

The key to successful employee empowerment is free-flowing ________ and information throughout the organization.

communication