Business 10 Motivating Employees

The "Principles of Scientific Management" was written by:

Frederick Taylor

the basis for Management by Objectives developed by Peter Drucker in the 1960s, proposes that setting ambitious, but attainable goals can motivate workers and improve performance.

Goal Setting Theory

To which part of the theories is job enrichment most closely related?

Herzberg's higher-level motivators

extrinstic rewards

something given to you by someone else as recognition of good work

_____ theory states that employees look for fairness in the workplace as compared to others before deciding to perform.

Equity

According to Ouchi's research about the effect of national culture on organizations, Type _____ management relies on individual decision making and achievement.

A

Job enrichment theory is based on the higher level motivators of which theorists?

Abraham Maslow Frederick Herzberg

The study that asked workers to rank a list of job-related factors in order of what motivated them most was a new direction taken by

Frederick Herzberg

Management by Objectives (MBO)

Involves a cycle of discussion, review, and evaluation of objectives among top and middle-level managers, supervisors, and employees.

Job enrichment focuses on enhancing the elements most closely related to Herzberg's ______ or higher level needs as defined in his theory.

Motivators

assumptions made by a Theory Y manager about people.

People like to work. People seek responsibility.

Expectancy Theory

The amount of effort employees exert on a specific task depends on their expectations of the outcome

Job enlargement

a job enrichment strategy that involves combining a series of tasks into one challenging and interesting assignment

Job rotation

a job enrichment strategy that involves moving employees from one job to another

Job enrichment

a motivational strategy that emphasizes motivating the worker through the job itself

low-context culture

believe relationship building distracts from tasks

Employee empowerment cannot be successful without clear and open _____ throughout an organization.

communication

Gen Xers, Millennials, and Gen Z expect change to be the main ____ in their lives

constant

Free-flowing communication and information throughout an organization are the key to successful:

empowerment

In a recent survey, what reason was given by nearly half of the respondents when asked what their reason was for changing jobs?

lack of appreciation

According to Maslow, needs that have already been satisfied no longer provide

motivation

Herzberg studied the relationship between:

motivation and job-related factors

More people leave their jobs for:

opportunities to advance their careers

high-context culture

require relationships and group trust before performance

To use self-managed teams to improve productivity, management must reinvent work by:

respecting workers allowing autonomy developing workers' skills

Time motion studies

studies of which tasks must be performed to complete a job and the time needed to do each task

scientific management

studying workers to find the most efficient ways of doing things and then teaching people those techniques

intrinsic rewards

the personal satisfaction you feel when you perform well and complete goals

Hawthorne Effect

the tendency for people to act differently when they know they are being studied

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

theory of motivation based on unmet human needs from basic physiological needs to safety, social, and esteem needs to self-actualization needs.

The principle of motion economy

theory that every job can be broken down into a series of elementary motions

According to McGregor, Theory X managers view employees as:

wishing to avoid responsibility