Business Principles

Motivation and maintenance factors are essential parts of a job-satisfier theory formulated by: Frederick Taylor Elton Mayo Frederick Herzberg Douglas McGregor Abraham Maslow

C

_____ is the set of moral standards for judging whether something is right or wrong. Social responsibility The marketing concept Consumerism Ethics Legality

D

Which of the following is an example of a trend in ethics and social responsibility? decreased concern about international ethics strategic giving limits placed on employee empowerment all of the above the addition of a fifth level to the social responsibility pyramid

D - wrong E - WRONG

According to _____, workers respond to attention from superiors, and they like their opinions to be valued. A. maintenance factors B. the equity theory C. Theory X D. scientific management E. the Hawthorne effect

E

_____ proposed a theory of motivation based on universal human needs. Frederick Taylor Frederick Herzberg Douglas McGregor Elton Mayo Abraham Maslow

E

Which of the following is an example of an unethical business activity? -The employee did not report his supervisor for taking several illegal deductions on his income tax report. -The salesperson allowed the customer to believe that delivery would be within the next week when the salesperson knew that delivery was at least four weeks away. -All of the above are examples of unethical business activities. -The employee uses the company computer to check his results in a network auction. -The employee told several jokes that demeaned Polish people.

C

One of the keys to ethical business behavior is: how the company's top management conducts themselves how many levels of organization does the business have the perception of the company by its employees the number of rules, regulations, and guidelines the company has how many people near retirement age are in the company

A

_____ is something that prompts an individual to release his or her energy in a certain direction. Motivation Production management Human relations Personnel management Operations management

A

A(n) _____ organization is a network of connections and channels of communication based on the informal relationships of individuals inside an organization. latent informal grapevine casual hierarchical

B

The _____ corporation is a network of independent companies linked by information technology to share skills, costs, and access to one another's markets. hierarchical virtual network opportunistic autonomous

B

_____ is the process of guiding and motivating others toward the achievement of organizational goals. -Influence -Leadership -Power -Communications -Management RATIONALE: Leadership is the process of guiding and motivating others toward the achievement of organizational goals.

B

According to the goal-setting theory,: A. feedback on progress toward goal enhances performance B. specific goals lead to higher levels of performance than do more generalized goals C. an individual's intention to work toward a goal is a primary source of motivation D. all of the above are true E. more difficult goals lead to better performance than do easy goals

B - WRONG

The three basic roles of management are: educational, operational, and intrapersonal interpersonal, decisional, and informational informational, educational, and operational interpersonal, intrapersonal, and informational decisional, operational, and interpersonal

B

All of the following are human relations skills EXCEPT: -willingness to let subordinates make decisions -effective communication -ability to program a computer -ability to work with people -sensitivity to workers' needs

C

Among managers there are three distinctive leadership styles. They are: A. autocratic, open-door, and democratic B. committee, open-door, and closed-door C. autocratic, participative, and free-rein D. free-rein, democratic, and group-centeredRATIONALE: Autocratic leaders are directive leaders who prefer to make decisions and solve problems on their own with little input from subordinates. E. competitive, autocratic, and group-centered

C

Another factor influencing business ethics is _____, or what is fair according to prevailing standards of society. righteousness validity justice equity utilitarianism

C

Social responsibility goes beyond obligations provided by law or union contract. Two important aspects of social responsibility are that the obligation is both: internal and external public and private state and federal voluntary and broad open and lawful

D

The three basic levels of the managerial hierarchy are: A. strategic, tactical, and functional B. functional, process, and product C. none of the above D. top, middle, and supervisory E. planning, coordinating, and controlling

D

Theories X and Y management styles are the result of studies by: William Ouchi Frederick Taylor Frederick Herzberg Douglas McGregor Elton Mayo

D

The equity theory is concerned with: -how much compensation a worker will receive -how fairly a worker is treated compared to coworkers -the worker's place in the decision making process RATIONALE: The equity theory is a theory that is concerned with workers' perception about how fairly they are treated compared with their coworkers. -setting rewards based on individual employee desires the worker's concern with company ownership

B

_____ is the practice of giving only limited authority and decision-making to lower-level managers. Accountability Decentralization Subordinated Centralization Functionalization

C - WRONG

_____ is a philosophy that focuses on the consequences of an action to determine whether it is right or wrong. This philosophy holds that an action that affects the majority adversely is morally wrong. A. Social responsibility B. Consumerism C. Distributive justice D. Utilitarianism E. Preconventional morality

D

Frederick Taylor's scientific management emphasized: -worker morale -communication skills -policies, procedures, rules, and regulations -technology -work efficiency

E

_____ is the process of arranging the structures and relationships of human and material resources to carry out an organization's plans. Leadership Planning Controlling Communicating Organizing

D

_____ is the process of guiding the development, maintenance, and allocation of resources needed to attain organizational goals. Tactical planning Strategic planning Functional coordination Management Motivation

D

According to the Hawthorne effect,: A. workers dislike negative reinforcementRATIONALE: According to the Hawthorne effect, workers respond to attention from superiors, and they like their opinions to be valued. B. responsibility motivates C. workers respond to money D. good leadership is the key to motivation E. workers respond to being paid attention to

E

Most firms have three distinguishable levels of management. They are: -operational, supervisory, and top -low, middle, and chief -functional, middle, and staff -functional, operational, and strategic -supervisory, middle, and top

E

_____ is the degree to which group members want to stay in the group and tend to resist outside influences. Organizational culture Group norming Group resistance Team synergy Group cohesiveness

E