BUSN 9-10

_____ is the gap between what is and what is desired, and _____ is the gap between what is and what is required.

A want; a need

Theories X and Y management styles are the result of studies by:

Douglas McGregor

which of the following companies would be the LEAST likely to use the continuous process?

a bakery

Which of the following businesses is most likely to consider proximity to raw materials when locating a new manufacturing plant?

a company that provides fresh baked goods for restaurants

Which of the following is a capital product for a multinational organization?

a corporate jet

What is Six Sigma?

a quality control process

According to the equity theory, employees value their own outcomes in relation to their own inputs. Then they compare the outcomes-to-inputs ratio to:

another employee's experience inside the current organization, another employees experience outside the organization, the employee's own past experience in a different organization, the employee's own past experience in a different position in the current organization (All of the above)

Industrial supplies:

are bought in fairly large quantities are expense items have little impact on long-run profits are bought routinely

Diapers is a product category in the maturity stage of its product life cycle. This means that the manufacturers of diapers:

are creating product line extensions

One of the biggest shortcomings of Gantt charts is that they:

are static

Levi Strauss was strongly praised when it announced it was leaving China in 1993 because of the country's poor human rights record. However, China is also an inexpensive place to manufacture clothing, and in spite of its announcement, Levi did not stop making clothing in China. What type of facility location factor was most likely instrumental in Levi deciding to continue operating its facility in China?

availability of production inputs

Which of the following is a consumer durable?

bedroom dresser

Which of the following is an example of a capital product that would be found in a brewery?

bottling machine

To stay a market leader in the confectionary industry, Jelly Belly, the jelly bean manufacturer, must keep coming up with new flavors. In 2006, it released its Soda Pop Shoppe collection, which was developed after company employees were asked to suggest as many potential new jelly beans tastes as they could without being criticized for any of their ideas, no matter how outlandish. What method did Jelly Belly use to come up with this new product line?

brainstorming

_____ has a group think of as many ways as possible to generate new-product ideas, vary a product, or solve a problem.

brainstorming

Which of the following is a consumer nondurable?

breakfast cereal

The Springwood Inn offers a package of room, breakfast, and parking for $225.00. This strategy is called:

bundling

_____ is the action that people take in buying and using goods and services.

buyer behavior

Business products are classified into two categories. Large, expensive items with long life spans are called _____ products, and; smaller, less expensive items with short life spans are called _____ products.

capital; expense

_____ is a production technique that uses small, self-contained work stations and has each perform all or most of the tasks necessary to complete a manufacturing order.

cellular manufacturing

With ____, when a part is redesigned in the computer-aided design system, the changes are quickly transmitted both to the machines producing the part and to all other departments that need to know about and plan for the change.

computer integrated manufacturing (CIM)

Which one of the following is NOT a commonly used method for segmenting markets?

consumer

A relatively inexpensive item that requires very little shopping effort is called a _____ product.

convenience

The goal of cellular manufacturing is to:

create a team environment

The _____ is an important scheduling tool for large projects. It breaks the projects into a sequence of events and smaller tasks.

critical path method

A short story describing how reluctant British citizens are to play party games that might result in them looking foolish is an example of how _____ shapes human behavior.

culture

_____ is the set of values, ideas, attitudes, and symbols created to shape human behavior.

culture

_____ is the ratio of benefits to the sacrifice necessary to obtain those benefits.

customer value

Synergy Oil and Gas builds oil-well drilling platforms to customer and government specifications. These platforms can cost as much as $1 billion. Synergy works on one platform at a time, and when it is finished, moves its crew to a new project. Synergy engages in:

customization

A basic form of market segmentation that uses such variables as age, education, and income is called:

demographic

Which of the following is a step in the new-product development process?

develop new-product ideas test the new product create a marketing mix screen ideas

Which of the following is NOT one of the stages in the product life cycle?

development

A firm with a _____ has its ability to provide a unique product or service that offers something of value to buyers besides simply a lower price.

differential competitive advantage

There are numerous office supplies manufacturers. U.S.-based Esselte concentrates on selling filing products and desktop products such as staplers and pen sets. Because the Esselte brand is recognized as an innovative leader in the development of filing products and desktop items, the company can be said to have a(n):

differential competitive advantage

When the producers of Ocean Spray cranberry products decided to make Craisins (a dried cranberry snack food) available in convenience stores, supermarkets, and vending machines, it was involved with determining _____ strategy.

distribution

Staples, the office supply chain, allows its business customers to purchase all of the office supplies they need through the Staples Web site. Businesses that use this service are engaged in:

e-procurement

Jan Carlzon, former president of Scandinavian Airlines (SAS), has said that one of the greatest fears executives have is that employees will "give away the store" to satisfy complaining customers. From this statement, it would appear that Carlzon was opposed to:

empowerment

Which of the following is an example of a social factor that influences the consumer decision-making process?

family

Motivation and maintenance factors are essential parts of a job-satisfier theory formulated by:

fredrick herzberg

Selling more rainwear in Seattle than in San Diego due to the annual rainfall is an example of which type of marketing segmentation?

geographic

_____ theory is based on the premise that an individual's intention to work toward a goal is a primary source of motivation.

goal-setting

The goal of inventory management is to:

hold down costs and maintain accurate levels of inventory

According to Herzberg, _____ factors must be present to prevent work dissatisfaction, but these factors cannot serve as a source of satisfaction or motivation.

hygiene

One criticism of Herzberg's motivator and hygiene theory is that it:

ignores the impact of situational variables

A large, expensive capital product, such as the Corvette manufacturing plant in Kentucky and Cumberland Mall, is called a(n):

installation

Business process management (BPM):

involves breaking a complex product, service, or process into smaller pieces that can be created independently and then combined quickly to make a whole

supply chain management -is based on the concept of just-in-time -is a complex computerized system for managing resources efficiently -focuses on removing scheduling bottlenecks within the company -focuses on the internal routing of products from raw materials to finished goods

is accurately described by none of the above.

When compared to the consumer market, the business-to-business market, the consumer market is:

is more geographically dispersed

_____ is the expansion of the number of tasks and variety of tasks performed by a worker.

job enlargement

Crown Holdings Inc. manufactures a high-resolution, full color digital inkjet printed cans that allows smaller beverage producers to label the cans as they are needed to be filled rather than keeping a stock of preprinted cans. This is an example of how a beverage company could use:

just-in-time

Which of the following statements about knowledge workers is true?

knowledge work is specialized work, knowledge workers are not homogenous, a knowledge-based workforce is quantitatively different from a less skilled workforce, knowledge workers are the major creators of wealth. ALL OF THE ABOVE

Which of the following is NOT an example of a convenience product?

lawn furniture

The physical arrangement of a production facility is called its:

layout

The pricing strategy of marking products below normal markup or even below cost to attract customers to a store where they would not otherwise shop is called _____ pricing.

leader

_____ is the streamlining of production by eliminating steps in the production process that do not add benefits that customers are willing to pay for.

lean manufacturing

The original Hawthorne studies were set up to study:

lighting

Ocean Spray first introduced cranberry juice drinks. Then it introduced Cranapple (a cranberry and apple juice mix) also sold under the Ocean Spray brand. This is an example of a:

line extension

The Theory Z style of management emphasizes:

long-term employment

According to equity theory, if employees perceive that an inequity exists, they may:

look at the situation from a different perspective; change their work habits; quit the job; and distort their perceptions of themselves (all of the above)

The craft store marked skeins of embroidery thread down to a quarter apiece to attract more customers into the store. This was below the store's cost. The skeins of thread was intended to be a _____ to increase store traffic:

loss leader

Aldi is a no-frills grocery chain. It sells grocery staples right out of crates and boxes with emphasis on low-priced, private-label brands. Aldi stores are typically about one-third the size of the traditional supermarket. By controlling expenses, Aldi customers can expect to save 30 to 50 percent compared to Kroger customers. The chain targets bargain hunters who are willing to rent a cart and bag their own groceries. Aldi competitive advantage is based on:

low costs

A continuous production process has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:

low volume

_____ is the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives.

marketing

According to the _____, a firm should first identify consumer needs and then produce the goods and services that will satisfy them.

marketing concept

In selling telephone service, AT&T tries to gather as much information as possible about the consumer's income, buying habits, service preferences, and occupation. AT&T is utilizing:

marketing research

The ability to manufacture many goods at once is called _____ production.

mass

Starcrest Publishing is one of many companies who will take demographic information about your child and publish a story written about that child. The story is already written, and a computer is used to insert the relevant information into the spaces left blank-such as the child's name, his address, his age, his grandparents' name, etc. Starcrest Publishing uses:

mass customization

Spalding produces large numbers of golf balls all at once. Spalding puts the golf balls in inventory and distributes them around the world. Spalding uses:

mass production

_____ is something that prompts an individual to release his or her energy in a certain direction.

motivation

Shenshen Zhongxing Telecom (ZTE) is a Chinese company that is the only telecommunications company in China that produces and markets an inexpensive camera phone to sell to middle class Chinese living in urban areas. Because ZTE targets a single segment within a limited geographical area, it can be said to have a(n):

niche competitive advantage

Companies that are trying to lower employee absenteeism are:

occasionally allowing employees to refuse to work overtime, eliminating advance-notice requirements for tardiness, eliminating formal attendance policies, providing on-site day care for the employee's children (ALL OF THE ABOVE)

Gantt charts are most helpful when:

only a few tasks are involved

Bart Pietz works as a paramedic. Because he has just worked a plane crash and has been 20 hours without rest, he is extremely sleepy. Pietz needs to satisfy his _____ need.

physiological

The blend of the marketer's tools is called the five Ps. Which of the following is NOT one of the five Ps?

possession strategy

Maria Manow is planning to sell handmade quilts over the Internet. As she decides what to charge for a full-sized quilt, Manow will calculate her fixed and variable costs. At this point, Manow will be developing her _____ strategy.

pricing

3M Consumer Healthcare has introduced a "Home 'n Go Pack" packaging concept that organizes each of its bandage offerings into a separate plastic pouch within the bandage box. The pouch is visible through a window in the external packaging. The decision to offer this new packaging was made as part of the _____ strategy.

product

Vegetarians have the upper hand in Mumbai, India, where not eating meat is a centuries-old tradition. In a booming Indian economy, the vegetarians are outnumbering the meat-eaters in many metropolitan areas. In response to this growing vegetarianism (especially among the middle class), franchises like Pizza Hut have created 100 percent vegetarian menus. By eliminating all meat from pizzas, the Indian Pizza Huts have engaged in a _____ strategy.

product

Mike and Ike, the fruit-flavored chewy candies, needed a major facelift. The brand had a small but loyal core of "munchers." A relatively small brand, it needed visibility to take on share leaders like Starburst and Skittles. The company changed its packaging and developed contests all geared to 12- to 17-year-olds. The makers of Mike and Ike have modified its _____ strategies.

product and promotion

During production planning, the operations manager must make decisions about all of the following EXCEPT:

product design

The _____ is the person who develops and implements a complete strategy and marketing program for a specific product or brand.

product manager

_____ is the combining of natural resources, human resources, and capital to produce goods and services.

production

Production and operations management involves three main types of decisions that are made at three different stages. The first type of decision to be made deals with:

production planning

Personal selling, advertising, public relations, and sales promotions are decisions made when planning the _____ strategy.

promotion

Lee Robi has developed an electronic lice comb that tells whether head lice are present by emitting an audible sign. Robi has mailed promotional flyers on the lice comb to all the school districts in the nation. He has also run ads in several different women's magazine. This describes the _____ strategy that Robi used.

promotional

Pricing a product at $399.99 instead of $400 to make the customer view the price as in the $300 range instead of the $400 range is an example of:

psychological pricing

What management function is production manager Cedric Stein using when he orders aluminum component parts (bumpers, drive trains, etc.) to be used in the production of Audi cars in Audi's Neckarsulm plant?

purchasing

Expense items that have undergone little or no processing and are used in the manufacture of end products are called:

raw materials

_____ is a strategy that focuses on forging long-term partnerships with customers.

relationship marketing

In Herzberg's theory, salary is an example of a(n):

salary

Which of the following is NOT an example of a job satisfier?

salary and fringe benefits

During the growth stage of the product life cycle,:

sales grow at an increasing rate, and profits are healthy

The marketing concept:

satisfies customer wants and needs legally and responsibly

Robert and Maxine Thomason are planning to purchase a new refrigerator-freezer for their new home. They have compared the quality, style, and price of four models. For the Thomasons, a refrigerator-freezer is a(n) _____ product.

shopping

In Maslow's theory, the need to belong to informal social groups both on and off the job is an example of _____ needs.

social

The _____ is a specific group of consumers toward which a firm directs its marketing efforts.

target market

What do the United Way, the Sierra Club, the Girl Scouts of America, and the American Red Cross have in common?

they all engage in not-for-profit marketing they all have target market they all engage in environmental scanning they have all created a marketing mix

When compared to the consumer market, the business-to-business market:

uses more direct channels of distribution

Understanding that 22 percent of the population buys 84 percent of the cereal products would be useful if cereal manufacturers wanted to segment its market according to:

volume

Frederick Taylor's scientific management emphasized:

work efficiency

A company that is experimenting with flextime, telecommuting, and job sharing is interested in:

work-scheduling options needed to retain quality employees

According to the Hawthorne effect,:

workers respond to being paid attention to

For which of the following businesses would scheduling be important? -cafeteria -bakery -car repair shop -manufacturer of hand tools -all

all of the above

The father of scientific management was:

fredrick taylor

Inventory management performs all of the following tasks EXCEPT:

selling

Electronic data interchange (EDI) is an important communications tool for:

supply chain management

Which of the following is a disadvantages associated with the flexible manufacturing system (FMS)?

An FMS is initially expensive

Cherokee Spring Mill produces four varieties of corn meal based on how finely the corn is ground. The mill makes long production runs of high volume. Cherokee Spring Mill uses a(n) _____ process.

Continuous

Operations managers: -control about 3/4 of the firms assets -face the challenge of combining people and other resources to produce high-quality products -help decide which products the company should produce -work closely with people in marketing, finance, accounting, and Human Resource departments -all

all of the above

Which of the following businesses would be LEAST likely to use an intermittent process?

an oil refinery

Based on the expectancy theory, managers who want to motivate their employees should:

determine the rewards valued by each employee

According to Theory X, workers _____ their work.

dislike every facet of

Disney World is the epitome of customer service and empowerment. Empowerment is a religion there. Employees are thoroughly trained and then told that they have the authority to do whatever is necessary to deal with problems on the spot in order to make customers happy. In fact, management interference is discouraged. Based on this information, you know that Disney relies on _____ theory to motivate its employees.

goal-setting

Spring Airlines is a small budget airline that is based in China. Due to the unfamiliarity of this mode of transportation in China, Spring's employees are often attacked by unhappy customers who demand compensation for flight delays. According to Herzberg, these attacks by passengers would be an example of a _____ factor.

hygiene

Taco Bell fast-food restaurant does not chop the lettuce and tomatoes and grate the cheese used to make its menu items, but hires someone outside the restaurant to perform these tasks. By _____ these tasks, Taco Bell can keep its overhead low and concentrate its resources on taking customer orders and assembling food.

outsourcing

A(n) _____ layout arranges work flow around the production process. All workers performing similar tasks are grouped together.

process

In the production of corn meal for baking, corn is ground. This conversion process is an example of:

process manufacturing

The purchasing function, sometimes called _____, is an important part of any firm's production strategy.

procurement

Which of the following is NOT an example of a hygiene factor?

recognition

A group of management consultants is studying OGSI Manufacturing and its team management strategy. Once Pete Jazoni's work group was selected for special attention by the management consultants, the work group's production output nearly doubled. Jazoni's group's reaction to the special attention is an example of:

the Hawthorne effect

According to _____, workers respond to attention from superiors, and they like their opinions to be valued.

the Hawthorne effect

Because with building costs soaring out of sight, there is pent-up demand for a well-designed, green-built, contemporary home that's actually affordable. That means it has to be efficiently constructed, and the best way to do this is in a factory, where it can be put together on an assembly line, like an automobile. A company has developed the Glidehouse can be built that way in 19 days in a factory near Vancouver, British Columbia, then trucked to your property. Glidehouse is produced through:

the assembly process

which of the following is a useful tool for routing?

value-stream mapping

A system that utilizes long production runs resulting in high-volume, standardized products is called a(n) _____ process.

continuous

In Herzberg's model, which of the following would be an example of a motivating factor?

responsibility

_____ is the technology involved in designing, constructing, and operating computer-controlled machines that can perform tasks independently.

robotics

Hershey's hot cocoa mix combines dry milk, whey, corn syrup, processed cocoa, aspartame, and artificial flavorings and colors. This conversion process is an example of:

the assembly process

Elton Mayo, America's first industrial psychologist, was responsible for formulating:

the explanation of the Hawthorne effect

Operations management is:

the management of the production conversion process

Manufacturing resource planning II (MRPII): -lets managers make more accurate forecasts than older systems -can assess the impact of production plans on company profitability -uses a complex computerized system to integrate data from many departments -all

all

Which of the following factors will be important in the selection of a site for a production facility? -labor costs -nearness to customers -proximity to raw materials -access to transportation -all

all

Computer-aided design (CAD) can be used to: -draw products -test prototypes -analyze products -make changes in products -all of the above

all of the above

Based on the expectancy theory, managers who want to motivate their employees should:

determine the rewards valued by each employee, link rewards to performance, make sure the rewards are adequate for the level of performance, determine what factors might counteract the effectiveness of the reward. (ALL OF ABOVE)

In a survey of middle-level managers in service industries, a majority stated that employees have an inherent distrust of managers and will respond to instructions only if they perceive their treatment to be fair. This statement indicates the managers would be most successful using the _____ to motivate their employees.

equity theory

_____ are based on overall company profitability. Using an established formula, management distributes some portion of company profits to all employees.

profit sharing plan

Julia Li is a low-level manager for a manufacturer of collectible plates and figurines. She is assigned new jobs every few months so she can learn all aspects of her company's operations. Management is utilizing the concept of job _____ in training Li.

rotation

The two key aspects of production control are:

routing and scheduling

When nurses at Children's Memorial Medical Center were asked what makes a great place to work. They responded with, "Great places to work have leaders that listen to staff feedback and act upon it. At great places to work, staff value developing their job expertise, actively support teamwork, are passionate about providing quality service, and are not afraid to take risks and try innovative approaches. Mutual respect is the interpersonal chemistry that produces a collegial environment that inspires excellence at great places to work." From this information, it appears that the nurses would also appreciate a _____ approach to management.

theory y

_____ management emphasizes the use of quality principles in all aspects of a company's operations.

total quality

All the accounting personnel at a large construction company work 10 hour days Monday through Thursday and then get a three-day weekend. This construction company permits _____ for its accounting department.

a compressed work week

Which of the following manufacturers would be most likely to use a product layout?

a motorcycle manufacturer

At Children's Hospital in Denver, good attendance is encouraged by recognizing staff members who have not missed work in the previous three months. At three-month intervals, at staff meetings, the names of those who have not missed work that quarter are announced. These employees are given ribbons of excellence, perfect attendance pins, prizes, tote bags, alarm clocks, gift certificates or movie tickets. As an added incentive, the person with the longest record of perfect attendance is allowed to choose first from the list of "gifts." This is an example of how _____ are used in association with the ______ theory.

rewards; reinforcement

According to Maslow, people need to feel secure, to be protected from physical harm, and to avoid the unexpected. These needs are called _____ needs.

safety

Many rock and roll fans believe that Jimi Hendrix was the best guitarist ever and that he stretched his ability to the utmost. According to Maslow's theory of need, Hendrix more than likely satisfied his _____ need.

self-actualization need

When Maslow wrote, "A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be at peace with himself. What a man can be, he must be," he was more than likely referring to man's:

self-actualization needs

_____ is a scheduling tool that assigns three time estimates for each activity ( optimistic, most probable, and pessimistic). This technique allows managers to anticipate delays and potential problems and schedule accordingly.

the program and evaluation review technique (PERT)

An article on the health care industry revealed several assumptions that health care administrators have adopted during the last decade. The administrators assume their (1) employees have several interests other than work and will work only to the degree necessary. (2) employees will accept additional responsibilities only if they receive rewards, and (3) employees exhibit little loyalty and will leave employment for reasons that are in their short-term interest. These assumptions lead support to the _____ approach to management.

the theory X style of management

Oscar Ramirez's job has been redesigned. He has more authority and responsibility and feels the job now is very challenging to him. The company has used job _____ to challenge Ramirez.

enrichment

The idea that employees are motivated by their expectations, or estimates of chances for reward, is called the _____ theory.

expectancy

Fourteen million office workers in the US have their online activities under constant surveillance, according to the Denver-based Privacy Foundation. Worldwide, it reckons the number of employees under such surveillance totals around 27 million people.According to the foundation's Workplace Surveillance Project the low cost of snooping technology is the main reason why employers are employing a _____approach to management.

theory x

_____ uses a computer to design and test new products and modify existing ones.

computer-aided design (CAD)

Which of the following statements about Theory Z style of management is true?

Theory Z contains many elements from Japanese management

A Theory X manager would assume his or her workers are:

lazy employees who can't be trusted

_____ proposed a theory of motivation based on universal human needs.

Maslow

Which of the following is NOT one of the current trends in business management today?

application of the expectancy theory

There is a standard approach to butchering a steer. Once the steers are butchered according to the agreed upon method, butchers are able to provide one customer with a 2-inch thick T-bone steak and another with thin pieces of steak for making fajitas. After standardized preparation, the meat is tailored to meet individual needs and desires. This is called:

mass customization