C++ Chapter 1
An integrated development environment (IDE) normally includes
-a text editor -a compiler -a debugger
True/False: Before a computer can execute a program written in a high level language, such as C++, it must be translated into object code.
True
The job of the _________ is to fetch instructions, carry out the operations commanded by the instructions, and produce some outcome or resultant information.
CPU
True/False: Once a value has been stored in a variable it cannot be changed.
False
True/False: The purpose of the compiler is to convert object code into source code.
False
A program's ability to run on several different types of computer systems is called ____________.
portability
The computer's main memory is commonly known as
random-access memory (RAM).
The purpose of a memory address is
to identify the location of a memory cell.
A variable must be _____________ before it can be used in a program.
defined (or declared)
A(n) ___________ is an example of a secondary storage device.
disk drive
A(n) ___________ is a named storage location.
variable
The three primary activities of a program are ________, ________, and _______.
input, processing, output
A program is a set of _____.
instructions
Words that have special meaning in a programming language are called ____________ words.
key
Memory locations that can hold data are called
variables.
What is the difference between a syntax error and a logical error?
A syntax error is the misuse of a key word, operator, punctuation, or other part of the programming language. A logical error is a mistake that tells the computer to carry out a task incorrectly or to carry out tasks in the wrong order. It causes the program to produce the wrong results.
What is the difference between system software and application software?
Application software refers to programs used to solve specific problems or perform general operations. System software refers to programs that manage the computer's hardware devices and control their processes or that support the development of application software, such as operating system programs, utility programs, and software development tools.
___________ languages are close to the level of humans in terms of readability.
High-level
_____________ is information a program gathers from the outside world.
Input
___________ languages are close to the level of the computer.
Low-level
___________ is the only language computers really process.
Machine language
Both main memory and secondary storage are types of memory. Describe the difference between the two. What is the difference between system software an
Main memory, or RAM, is volatile, which means its contents are erased when power is removed from the computer. Secondary memory, such as a disk, CD, or flash drive, does not lose its contents when power is removed from the computer
_____________ are characters or symbols that perform operations on one or more operands.
Operators
____________ is information a program sends to the outside world.
Output
____________ characters or symbols mark the beginning or ending of programming statements, or separate items in a list.
Punctuation
A set of well-defined steps for performing a task or solving a problem is known as
an algorithm.
Internally, the CPU consists of the __________ and the __________.
arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and control unit
The ________ coordinates the computer's operations by fetching the next instruction and using control signals to regulate the other major computer components.
control unit
A(n) ______________ is a diagram that graphically illustrates the structure of a program.
hierarchy chart
The two general categories of software are __________ and __________.
operating systems and application software
Characters or symbols that perform operations on one or more operands are
operators.
A(n) ________ is a set of instructions that tells the computer how to solve a problem.
program
Creating a program requires many steps. Three of these are
program design, writing source code, and testing.
Computers can do many different jobs because they can be _________.
programmed
Words or names defined by the programmer are called ____________.
programmer-defined symbols
Since computers can't be programmed in natural human language, algorithms must be written in a(n) ___________ language.
programming language
The statements written by a programmer are called
source code
The rules that must be followed when constructing a program are called __________.
syntax