C++ Chapter 1

An integrated development environment (IDE) normally includes

-a text editor -a compiler -a debugger

True/False: Before a computer can execute a program written in a high level language, such as C++, it must be translated into object code.

True

The job of the _________ is to fetch instructions, carry out the operations commanded by the instructions, and produce some outcome or resultant information.

CPU

True/False: Once a value has been stored in a variable it cannot be changed.

False

True/False: The purpose of the compiler is to convert object code into source code.

False

A program's ability to run on several different types of computer systems is called ____________.

portability

The computer's main memory is commonly known as

random-access memory (RAM).

The purpose of a memory address is

to identify the location of a memory cell.

A variable must be _____________ before it can be used in a program.

defined (or declared)

A(n) ___________ is an example of a secondary storage device.

disk drive

A(n) ___________ is a named storage location.

variable

The three primary activities of a program are ________, ________, and _______.

input, processing, output

A program is a set of _____.

instructions

Words that have special meaning in a programming language are called ____________ words.

key

Memory locations that can hold data are called

variables.

What is the difference between a syntax error and a logical error?

A syntax error is the misuse of a key word, operator, punctuation, or other part of the programming language. A logical error is a mistake that tells the computer to carry out a task incorrectly or to carry out tasks in the wrong order. It causes the program to produce the wrong results.

What is the difference between system software and application software?

Application software refers to programs used to solve specific problems or perform general operations. System software refers to programs that manage the computer's hardware devices and control their processes or that support the development of application software, such as operating system programs, utility programs, and software development tools.

___________ languages are close to the level of humans in terms of readability.

High-level

_____________ is information a program gathers from the outside world.

Input

___________ languages are close to the level of the computer.

Low-level

___________ is the only language computers really process.

Machine language

Both main memory and secondary storage are types of memory. Describe the difference between the two. What is the difference between system software an

Main memory, or RAM, is volatile, which means its contents are erased when power is removed from the computer. Secondary memory, such as a disk, CD, or flash drive, does not lose its contents when power is removed from the computer

_____________ are characters or symbols that perform operations on one or more operands.

Operators

____________ is information a program sends to the outside world.

Output

____________ characters or symbols mark the beginning or ending of programming statements, or separate items in a list.

Punctuation

A set of well-defined steps for performing a task or solving a problem is known as

an algorithm.

Internally, the CPU consists of the __________ and the __________.

arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and control unit

The ________ coordinates the computer's operations by fetching the next instruction and using control signals to regulate the other major computer components.

control unit

A(n) ______________ is a diagram that graphically illustrates the structure of a program.

hierarchy chart

The two general categories of software are __________ and __________.

operating systems and application software

Characters or symbols that perform operations on one or more operands are

operators.

A(n) ________ is a set of instructions that tells the computer how to solve a problem.

program

Creating a program requires many steps. Three of these are

program design, writing source code, and testing.

Computers can do many different jobs because they can be _________.

programmed

Words or names defined by the programmer are called ____________.

programmer-defined symbols

Since computers can't be programmed in natural human language, algorithms must be written in a(n) ___________ language.

programming language

The statements written by a programmer are called

source code

The rules that must be followed when constructing a program are called __________.

syntax