Cancer Practice questions

19. The nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child whose mother complains that he is listless and has been having trouble swallowing. Which of the following findings would suggest the child has a brain tumor?

*a. Observation reveals nystagmus and head tilt b. Vital signs show blood pressure measures 120/80 c. Examination shows temperature of 38.50C and headache d. Observation reveals a cough and labored breathing

8. A 7-year-old child with osteosarcoma is being treated with chemotherapy. Which medication would the nurse expect the physician to order most commonly as a prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jerovecii?

*a. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole b. Ketoconazole c. Filgastim d. Prednisone

11. A 10-year-old boy is being prepared for a bone marrow transplant. The nurse can determine that the child understands this treatment when he says:

a. "I'll be much better after this blood goes to my bones." *b. "I won't feel too good until my body makes healthy cells." c. "This will help all of the medicine they give me to work better." d. "You won't have to wear a mask and gown after my transplant."

7. The nurse is preparing an adolescent diagnosed with leukemia for a lumbar puncture. The nurse determines that the child understands the reason for the procedure when the child states that the procedure is done to:

a. "Make sure I don't have meningitis along with my cancer." b. "Relieve some of the pressure on my brain." c. "Remove the blood cancer cells so I don't have to have surgery." *d. "Check to see if the cancer has spread through my spinal cord and brain."

6. A child is seen in the pediatrician's office for complaints of bone and joint pain. Which other assessment finding may indicate leukemia?

a. Abdominal pain b. Increased activity level c. Increased appetite *d. Petechiae

17. The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child following surgical removal of a stage I neuroblastoma. Which of the following interventions will be most appropriate for this child?

a. Applying aloe vera lotion to irradiated areas of skin b. Administering antiemetics as prescribed for nausea *c. Giving medications as ordered via least invasive route d. Maintaining isolation as prescribed to avoid infection

5. Which complications are the three main consequences of leukemia?

a. Bone deformities, spherocytosis and infection. *b. Anemia, infection, and bleeding tendencies. c. Lymphocytopoiesis, growth delays, and hirsutism. d. Polycythemia, decreased clotting time, and infection.

18. The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old child with leukemia who is having an oncological emergency. Which of the following signs and symptoms would indicate hyperleukocytosis?

a. Bradycardia and distinct S1 and S2 sounds b. Wheezing and diminished breath sounds *c. Respiratory distress and poor tissue perfusion d. Intermittent fever and frequent vomiting

2. The nurse is assessing a 14-year-old girl with a tumor. Which of the following findings would indicate Ewing's sarcoma?

a. Child complains of dull bone pain just above the knee. *b. Palpation reveals non-tender swelling on the right ribs. c. Parents report a mass on the abdomen that crosses the midline. d. Palpation reveals asymptomatic mass on the upper back.

9. Which condition assessed by the nurse would be an early warning sign of childhood cancer?

a. Difficulty swallowing b. Frequent cough or hoarseness c. Change in bowel and bladder habits *d. Swellings, lumps or masses anywhere on the body.

1. The nurse is teaching the parents of a 15-year-old who is being treated for acute myelogenous leukemia about the side effects of chemotherapy. For which of the following symptoms should the parents seek medical care immediately?

a. Earache, stiff neck or sore throat b. Blisters, ulcers or a rash appear *c. A temperature of 101.5 degrees Fahrenheit d. Difficulty or pain when swallowing

12. A 5-year-old boy is newly diagnosed with an astrocytoma brain tumor. His symptoms include headache, nausea and seizures. Based on this information, which nursing diagnosis would be most appropriate for him?

a. High risk for infection. *b. High risk for injury. c. Anticipated grief. d. Impaired physical mobility.

13. A 10-year-old child is admitted with enlarged cervical lymph nodes and undergoes a nodal biopsy to determine if he has Hodgkin's lymphoma. Which of the following pathology findings would confirm a definitive diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma?

a. Kupffer's cells *b. Reed-Sternberg cells c. Newberg cells d. Beckwith-Weidemann cells

14. A 3-year-old girl with a Wilms tumor is returning to the unit after a simple nephrectomy. Which of the following actions have the highest priority in caring for this child?

a. Maintaining NPO. *b. Monitoring the BP every 2 hours. c. Turning her every 2 hours. d. Administering pain medication every 4 hours.

15. Which of the following findings would be most indicative of retinoblastoma for an 18-month old child?

a. Orbital inflammation of the right eye and head tilt when standing. b. Cat's eye reflex and yellow discharge from the left eye. *c. Leukokoria and hyphema noted for the right eye. d. Strabismus in the left eye and light sensitivity in the opposite eye.

4. A parent of a child with Wilms tumor asks the nurse about surgery. Which statement concerning the type of surgery for Wilms tumor is most accurate?

a. Surgery is only done if chemotherapy and radiation fail. *b. Surgery is usually performed within 24 to 48 hours of admission. c. Surgery is the least favorable therapy for the treatment of Wilms tumor. d. Surgery will be delayed until the child's overall health status improves.

3. The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old girl whose mother complains that she is not eating well, is losing weight, and has started vomiting after eating. Which of the following risk factors from the health history would suggest the child may have a Wilms tumor?

a. The child has Down syndrome. *b. The child has Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. c. There is a family history of neurofibromatosis. d. There is a family history of Klinefelter syndrome.

10. Which of the following interventions would be best for the child who has developed mucositis as a side effect of chemotherapy?

a. Using lemon glycerin swabs for oral hygiene. b. Keeping the child NPO until all sores are healed. c. Having the child swish and swallow viscous lidocaine. *d. Giving the child pudding for breakfast.

16. The nurse is providing preoperative care for a 7-year-old patient with a brain tumor. Which of the following is the priority intervention? *a. Assessing the child's level of consciousness

b. Providing a tour of the intensive care unit for the child and parents c. Educating the child and parents about shunts d. Having the child talk to another child who has had this surgery